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Clark, M P

This paper examines an archive containing over 40 years of 8-day atmospheric forecasts over the contiguous United States from the NCEP reanalysis project to assess the possibilities for using medium-range numerical weather prediction model output for predictions of streamflow. This analysis shows the biases in the NCEP forecasts to be quite extreme. In many regions, systematic precipitation biases exceed 100% of the mean, with temperature biases exceeding 3??C. In some locations, biases are even higher. The accuracy of NCEP precipitation and 2-m maximum temperature forecasts is computed by interpolating the NCEP model output for each forecast day to the location of each station in the NWS cooperative network and...
Categories: Publication; Types: Citation
This study presents a multiple-objective, step-wise, automated procedure for hydrologic model calibration in the Sprague River, a mountainous watershed in the Upper Klamath Basin. The procedure includes the sequential calibration of a distributed-hydrologic model's simulation of: (1) solar radiation, (2) potential evapotranspiration, (3) annual water balance; (4) snow-covered area; and (5) components of daily runoff. Measured snow-covered area data for model calibration was processed for the Sprague River basin from the MODIS/Terra Snow Cover 5-Min L2 Swath 500m. This data extends from February 24, 2000 to present. The surface hydrology of the Sprague River basin is dominated by snowmelt runoff, making snow-covered...
This paper examines the hydrologic model performance in three snowmelt-dominated basins in the western United States to dynamically- and statistically downscaled output from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research Reanalysis (NCEP). Runoff produced using a distributed hydrologic model is compared using daily precipitation and maximum and minimum temperature timeseries derived from the following sources: (1) NCEP output (horizontal grid spacing of approximately 210 km); (2) dynamically downscaled (DDS) NCEP output using a Regional Climate Model (RegCM2, horizontal grid spacing of approximately 52 km); (3) statistically downscaled (SDS) NCEP output; (4) spatially...
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