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Michael Cardwell

The behavior and habitat utilization of several other Nearctic crotaline species have been (and are being) studied in detail, including C. viridis (Duvall et al 1990), C. cerastes (Secor 1992), C. horridus (Brown 1993), C. molossus (Greene 1997), C. tigris (Goode, pers com), C. atrox (Schuett and Repp, pers com), C. ruber (Brown, pers com) and C. helleri (Dugan, pers com). However, no such study has been undertaken regarding C. scutulatus. Other Nearctic crotaline species have been found to frequently utilize permanent winter refugia, often in rock outcroppings. Some of these species demonstrate a propensity to utilize a single communal winter refuge throughout their lives, having been born at or near the site and...
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