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Exposure of California Condors to Lead From Spent Ammunition

Citation

Tom J Cade, Exposure of California Condors to Lead From Spent Ammunition: .

Summary

The scientific evidence that California condors (Gymnogyps californianus) are frequently sickened and killed by lead poisoning from spent ammunition supports the conclusion that current levels of lead exposure are too high to allow reintroduced condors to develop self-sustaining populations in the wild in Arizona and, by inference, in California. The evidence for lead poisoning and its source comes from the following sorts of data: 1) 18 clinical necropsies revealing high levels of lead in body tissues and (or) presence of lead shotgun pellets and bullet fragments in digestive tracts; 2) moribund condors showing crop paralysis and impending starvation with toxic levels of lead in their blood; 3) widespread lead exposure among free-flying [...]

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Author :
Tom J Cade

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Communities

  • Upper Colorado River Basin

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From Source - Mendeley RIS export <br> On - Tue May 10 10:39:55 CDT 2011

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Title Citation Exposure of California Condors to Lead From Spent Ammunition

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