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Understanding Future Fire Frequency and Impacts on Species Distribution in the South Central U.S.

Future Precipitation Effects on Fire Frequency and Species Distribution in the South Central U.S.
Principal Investigator
Esther Stroh

Dates

Start Date
2014-07-01
End Date
2016-12-31
Release Date
2014

Summary

Fire is critical to maintaining and restoring temperate ecosystems in the South Central U.S. As precipitation patterns and temperatures change in the region, managers require information on how these changes will impact fire frequency, and thus the species and ecosystems within the landscape. To address this need, researchers will use climate model data to predict and map future changes in fire frequency for Texas, Oklahoma, and New Mexico. Researchers will then examine species and ecosystem distribution data to understand the relationship between climate, fire frequency, and species occurrence. This analysis will enable researchers to identify potential future distributions of woody ecosystems and species such as mesquite and eastern [...]

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AdenLavaFlowWilderness_BLM.jpg
“Aden Lava Flow Wilderness, NM - Credit: BLM”
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Purpose

East Texas and Oklahoma have a history of uniformly high frequency wildfires, while west Texas and New Mexico have a history of highly variable wildfire frequency. One of the primary causes for this difference is climate’s effect on fire frequency. Management of south central ecosystems requires an understanding of how species and ecosystems will respond to changes in fire frequency under new climatic conditions. We will produce maps displaying future changes in fire frequency for mid and late 21st century for Texas, Oklahoma and New Mexico. We will also map potential future ranges of southwest ecosystems and selected woody species such as mesquite and eastern red cedar. Future species ranges and fire frequencies will be joined to describe changes in ecosystems, fire, and potential regional desertification. Results will help resource managers understand where on the landscape to expect more frequent and less frequent fires due to climate changes, and which areas may move toward other ecosystem types. Information from this project will assist planning for activities such as fuels management and prescribed fire over the long term. Our results will advance both the general understanding of fire-climate interactions and future climate change research.

Project Extension

parts
typeGeneral Public Summary
valueEast Texas and Oklahoma have a history of uniformly high frequency wildfires, while west Texas and New Mexico have a history of highly variable wildfire frequency. One of the primary causes for this difference is climate’s effect on fire frequency. Management of south central ecosystems requires an understanding of how species and ecosystems will respond to changes in fire frequency under new climatic conditions. We will produce maps displaying future changes in fire frequency for mid and late 21st century for Texas, Oklahoma and New Mexico. We will also map potential future ranges of southwest ecosystems and selected woody species such as mesquite and eastern red cedar. Future species ranges and fire frequencies will be joined to describe changes in ecosystems, fire, and potential regional desertification. Results will help resource managers understand where on the landscape to expect more frequent and less frequent fires due to climate changes, and which areas may move toward other ecosystem types. Information from this project will assist planning for activities such as fuels management and prescribed fire over the long term. Our results will advance both the general understanding of fire-climate interactions and future climate change research.
typeTechnical Summary
valueObjectives: We will produce digital maps displaying 1) changes in the mean fire intervals and probabilities of fire (increase or decrease) at the level of 12 km2 under future climate scenarios and time intervals for Texas, Oklahoma and New Mexico and 2) potential future ranges of ecosystems and selected woody species. Future species ranges and fire frequencies will be joined to describe changes in ecosystems, fire, and desertification effects. Background: This proposal directly addresses the SC CSC over-arching theme of precipitation variability and specifically responds to two suggested examples under Priority 2d, Ecosystems and Landscapes: “Where will woody plants reside in 2050, and how will fire regimes change, using an existing fire regime model (e.g., Guyette et al 2012. Predicting fire frequency with chemistry and climate. Ecosystems 15(2): 322-335) paired with existing climate projection models to develop maps of projected change.” The two lead authors on the RFP-referenced paper (Guyette and Stambaugh) are investigators on this project. They developed the Physical Chemistry Fire Frequency Model (PC2FM) to estimate fire frequency from temperature and precipitation inputs, which are independent of non-climatic influences such as changes in vegetation, ignition sources, and land use. Methods: Future annual precipitation and temperature means derived from various climate models will be used as inputs to the PC2FM model to predict the future climate-forced fire frequencies. We will use model output to quantify past to future changes in fire frequency and the conditions and locations of desertification. Spatial analysis will combine future changes in fire frequencies with potential future distributions of southwest ecosystems and select woody species for mid and late 21st century. Expected Products and Tech Transfer: Products will include 1) maps of future changes in fire frequency at the level of 12 km2 2) maps future ranges of selected woody species and ecosystems based on climate and climate-driven fire probability and 3) at least 2 peer-reviewed papers. Our team is well equipped to communicate results of this study with end-users throughout the South Central Region via relationships with Joint Fire Science Knowledge Exchange Consortia, The Nature Conservancy, Texas State Parks, and the USFWS LCC network.
typeCOA
valueCM3134
projectStatusCompleted

Budget Extension

annualBudgets
year2014
totalFunds168718.0
year2015
totalFunds130638.0
totalFunds299356.0

Additional Information

Identifiers

Type Scheme Key
RegistrationUUID NCCWSC 73bd691c-27aa-4370-8713-24aa60e2ab90
StampID NCCWSC SC13-SE17935

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