Caribou (Rangifer tarandus L.) populations in Canada are threatened by climate change and anthropogenic landscape disturbance, which may negatively affect caribou energetics and range occupancy, with negative consequences for vital rates. Caribou are the basis of economy and spirituality for Northern Peoples and embody numerous non-use values, but industrial incursions into caribou range are largely unchecked. Hence, the goal of this thesis was to examine broad- and fine-scale drivers of caribou population change, as well as explore the efficacy of existing management and conservation of caribou in Canada. I investigated mechanisms by which climate change and industrial disturbance influence caribou population change. Non-migratory [...]