FY2016Monitor the diversity and abundance of winged insects (including Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, and Hemiptera), which include many key insect pollinators, using an array of passive and active trapping methods. Monitor bat diversity and relative densities using passive acoustic monitoring stations (we will use full-spectrum passive recording units). Monitor diversity and abundance of reptiles (lizards and snakes), using trap arrays (pitfall and coverboard) and time-constrained visual encounter surveys. Create empirically supported models of reptile, bat, and insect diversity and abundance as a function of vegetation structure and composition, microclimate, and other environmental variables, and provide a database of species occurrence and abundance records and habitat features for our study sites to be made available to all partners.