Data Collected to Assess the Occurrence and Distribution of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in West Virginia Public Source-Water Supplies, 2019 - 2021

Dates

Publication Date: 2022-07-13
Start Date: 2019-05-01
End Date: 2021-05-05

Citation

McAdoo, M.A., Grindle, K.F., and Grindle, C.B., 2022, Data Collected to Assess the Occurrence and Distribution of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in West Virginia Public Source-Water Supplies, 2019 - 2021: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NE6TVL.

Summary

Source water for West Virginia’s public water systems is pumped from groundwater aquifers or withdrawn from the state’s rivers and lakes. These systems provide drinking water to a majority of the state’s population and require constant monitoring for known and emerging contaminants. Groundwater contamination from Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) has occurred in West Virginia around industrial facilities and military installations. To understand the potential impact of PFAS contamination in the state’s source water, West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection (WVDEP) and West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources (WVDHHR) required information on the state-wide distribution of the contaminant. From June, [...]

Summary

Source water for West Virginia’s public water systems is pumped from groundwater aquifers or withdrawn from the state’s rivers and lakes. These systems provide drinking water to a majority of the state’s population and require constant monitoring for known and emerging contaminants. Groundwater contamination from Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) has occurred in West Virginia around industrial facilities and military installations. To understand the potential impact of PFAS contamination in the state’s source water, West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection (WVDEP) and West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources (WVDHHR) required information on the state-wide distribution of the contaminant.

From June, 2019 through May, 2021, samples of un-treated water were collected from raw-water supplies at 279 public water systems in West Virginia. Parameters collected at the time of sampling included pH, specific conductance, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, and alkalinity. Samples were analyzed at the US Geological Survey (USGS) National Water Quality Laboratory for several inorganic analytes including major ions, trace elements, and nutrients. Samples were also analyzed for 28 PFAS compounds at a contract laboratory that is accredited under the Department of Defense (DoD) Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program for PFAS analysis compliant with DoD Quality Systems Manual table B15.

These data are stored in the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS) but are not available to the public from that platform because West Virginia State Law §22-26-4, and USGS policy concerning the release of sensitive water related information, prohibits the release of public water system infrastructure location information. This USGS data release serves as the public release of available data for this project and provides a reference location for all users. Users of these data should consult the related Scientific Investigations Report by McAdoo and others (2022) to gain a full understanding of data quality and utility.

These data were extracted from NWIS on December 1, 2021 and are available in two Excel (.xlsx) files that contain water-quality results and quality-assurance results. The Excel files are duplicated as tab-delimited text files to increase accessibility to nonproprietary formats. The attached XML file titled “Occurrence of PFAS in West Virginia Metadata” contains metadata explaining the provenance of the data and should be thoroughly read to understand data limitations. The files titled “Occurrence of PFAS in West Virginia Results” contain water-quality data for every public water system sampled for this study. Files titled “Occurrence of PFAS in West Virginia Quality Assurance” contain quality assurance samples including equipment blanks, field blanks, and field replicates. Equipment blanks were collected using certified analyte-free water in a lab setting and used to assess possible cross contamination from sampling materials and sampling technique. Field blanks were collected using certified analyte-free water at the sampling point and used to assess possible cross contamination from sampling materials and sampling technique in the field. Field replicates were collected concurrently with the environmental sample and used to understand the variability of results.

References:

McAdoo, M.A., Connock, G.T., and Messinger, T., 2022, Occurrence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and inorganic analytes in groundwater and surface water used as sources for public water supply in West Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2022–5067, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20225067.

Contacts

Point of Contact :: Mitchell A Mcadoo
Originator :: Mitchell A Mcadoo, Katherine F Grindle, Christopher B Grindle
Metadata Contact :: Mitchell A Mcadoo
Publisher :: U.S. Geological Survey
SDC Data Owner :: Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center
USGS Mission Area :: Water Resources
Distributor :: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase

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Occurrence of PFAS in West Virginia Metadata.xml Original FGDC Metadata	View	16.36 KB	application/fgdc+xml
Occurrence of PFAS in West Virginia Results.xlsx “Results - Excel File”		158.48 KB	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
Occurrence of PFAS in West Virginia Results.txt “Results - Tab Delimited File”		150.04 KB	text/plain
Occurrence of PFAS in West Virginia Quality Assurance.xlsx “QA - Excel File”		52.24 KB	application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
Occurrence of PFAS in West Virginia Quality Assurance.txt “QA - Tab Delimited File”		30.52 KB	text/plain

Related External Resources

Type: Related Primary Publication

McAdoo, M.A., Connock, G.T., and Messinger, T., 2022, Occurrence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and inorganic analytes in groundwater and surface water used as sources for public water supply in West Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2022–5067, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20225067.	https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20225067

Type: Publication that references this resource

West Virginia Department of Health and Human Services PFAS project site key and links	https://oehs.wvdhhr.org/media/ueulasaq/usgs-sir-2022-site-key.pdf

Type: Web Link

West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection PFAS website	https://dep.wv.gov/key-issues/Pages/PFAS.aspx

Purpose

The purpose of these data is to inform West Virginia regulatory agencies about the distribution of PFAS contamination in public source water. The results of this project will be used to protect public health.

Data Collected to Assess the Occurrence and Distribution of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in West Virginia Public Source-Water Supplies, 2019 - 2021

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