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Water temperature in lakes and lagoons plays a key role in hydrology, water quality, and habitat suitability for aquatic organisms. The purpose of this project is to provide land and resource managers with information related to the past, present, and future temperature trends in lake surface waters in western Alaska. Through a combination of remote sensing, in situ data collection, model development, we will analyze similarities and differences related to spatial and temporal patterns of lake surface temperatures in western Alaska from 1985 to 2100. ​
This dataset consists of rate-of-change statistics for the shorelines at Barter Island, Alaska for the time period 1947 to 2020. Rate calculations were computed within a GIS using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) version 5.0, an ArcGIS extension developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. A reference baseline was used as the originating point for the orthogonal transects cast by the DSAS software. The transects intersect each shoreline establishing measurement points, which are then used to calculate shoreline change rates.
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Interactions and feedbacks between abundant surface waters and permafrost fundamentally shapelowland Arctic landscapes. Sublake permafrost is maintained when the maximum ice thickness (MIT) exceedslake depth and mean annual bed temperatures (MABTs) remain below freezing. However, decliningMIT since the1970s is likely causing talik development below shallow lakes. Here we show high-temperature sensitivity towinter ice growth at the water-sediment interface of shallow lakes based on year-round lake sensor data.Empirical model experiments suggest that shallow (1m depth) lakes have warmed substantially over the last30years (2.4°C), withMABT above freezing5 of the last 7years.This is incomparison to slower ratesofwarming...
This dataset includes one vector shapefile delineating the position of the top edge of the coastal permafrost bluffs at Barter Island, Alaska spanning seven decades, between the years of 1950 and 2020. Bluff-edge positions delineated from a combination of aerial photography, declassified satellite photography, and very-high resolution satellite imagery can be used to quantify the movement of the bluff edge through time. These data were used to calculate rates of change every 10 meters alongshore using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) version 5.0. DSAS uses a measurement baseline method to calculate rate-of-change statistics. Transects are cast from the reference baseline to intersect each bluff edge...
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This project provides a better understanding how linkages among surface-water availability, connectivity, and temperature mediate habitat and trophic dynamics of the Fish Creek Watershed (FCW). These interrelated processes form a shifting mosaic of freshwater habitats across the landscape that can be classified, mapped, understood, and modeled in response to past and future climate and land-use change in a spatial and temporal context. Developing scenarios of freshwater habitat change in this context provides managers and scientists with a flexible template to evaluate a range of potential responses to climate and land-use change. Applying this approach in the FCW is made feasible because of the availability of...
This dataset consists of rate-of-change statistics for the coastal bluffs at Barter Island, Alaska for the time period 1950 to 2020. Rate calculations were computed within a GIS using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) version 5.0, an ArcGIS extension developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. A reference baseline was used as the originating point for the orthogonal transects cast by the DSAS software. The transects intersect each bluff line establishing measurement points, which are then used to calculate bluff-change rates.
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Lakes are dominant and diverse landscapefeatures in the Arctic, but conventional land coverclassification schemes typically map them as a singleuniform class. Here, we present a detailed lake-centricgeospatial database for an Arctic watershed in northernAlaska. We developed a GIS dataset consisting of 4362lakes that provides information on lake morphometry,hydrologic connectivity, surface area dynamics,surrounding terrestrial ecotypes, and other importantconditions describing Arctic lakes. Analyzing thegeospatial database relative to fish and bird survey datashows relations to lake depth and hydrologic connectivity,which are being used to guide research and aid in themanagement of aquatic resources in the NationalPetroleum...
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This dataset consists of rate-of-change statistics for the coastal bluffs and shorelines at Barter Island, Alaska, for the time period 1947 to 2020. Rate calculations were computed within a GIS using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) version 5.0, an ArcGIS extension developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. A reference baseline was used as the originating point for the orthogonal transects cast by the DSAS software. The transects intersect bluff edges and shorelines establishing measurement points, which are then used to calculate change rates.
This dataset includes a reference baseline used by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) to calculate rate-of-change statistics for the coastal bluffs at Barter Island, Alaska for the time period 1950 to 2020. This baseline layer serves as the starting point for all transects cast by the DSAS application and can be used to establish measurement points used to calculate bluff-change rates.
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Beaded streams are widespread in permafrost regionsand are considered a common thermokarst landform.However, little is known about their distribution, how andunder what conditions they form, and how their intriguingmorphology translates to ecosystem functions and habitat.Here we report on a circum-Arctic survey of beaded streamsand a watershed-scale analysis in northern Alaska using remotesensing and field studies.We mapped over 400 channelnetworks with beaded morphology throughout the continuouspermafrost zone of northern Alaska, Canada, and Russiaand found the highest abundance associated with mediumto high ground-ice content permafrost in moderately slopingterrain. In one Arctic coastal plain watershed, beaded...
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ire-induced permafrost degradation is well documented in boreal forests, but the role of fires in initiating thermokarst development in Arctic tundra is less well understood. Here we show that Arctic tundra fires may induce widespread thaw subsidence of permafrost terrain in the first seven years following the disturbance. Quantitative analysis of airborne LiDAR data acquired two and seven years post-fire, detected permafrost thaw subsidence across 34% of the burned tundra area studied, compared to less than 1% in similar undisturbed, ice-rich tundra terrain units. The variability in thermokarst development appears to be influenced by the interaction of tundra fire burn severity and near-surface, ground-ice content....
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Lakes are prevalent in the Arctic and thus play a key role in regional hydrology. Since manyArctic lakes are shallow and ice grows thick (historically 2 m or greater), seasonal ice commonly freezes tothe lake bed (bedfast ice) by winter’s end. Bedfast ice fundamentally alters lake energy balance and meltoutprocesses compared to deeper lakes that exceed the maximum ice thickness (floating ice) and maintainperennial liquid water below floating ice. Our analysis of lakes in northern Alaska indicated that ice-out ofbedfast ice lakes occurred on average 17 days earlier (22 June) than ice-out on adjacent floating ice lakes (9July). Earlier ice-free conditions in bedfast ice lakes caused higher open-water evaporation,...
This dataset includes a reference baseline used by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) to calculate rate-of-change statistics for the shorelines near Barter Island, Alaska for the time period 1947 to 2020. This baseline layer serves as the starting point for all transects cast by the DSAS application and can be used to establish measurement points used to calculate shoreline-change rates.
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The Arctic LCC has partnered with USGS to complete a feasibility study that will review current and past efforts to monitor thermokarst at broad spatial and temporal scales, compare relevance, cost, and strengths/weaknesses of the various approaches and techniques. Researchers have outlined potential study designs for monitoring thermokarst events that emphasize processes affecting large areas, or with a disproportionately large impact on fish and wildlife habitat quality. Information available in the final report includes: 1) review existing thermokarst monitoring methods via a literature review, 2) provide a brief description and review of thermokarst landforms and processes associated with permafrost degradation...
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This compilation of references regarding thermokarst and other thaw-related features is focused on the Arctic and the Subarctic. References were drawn from North America as well as Siberia. English-language literature mostly was targeted, with 167 references annotated in version 1.0; however, an additional 28 Russian-language references were taken from Shur and Osterkamp (2007) and are provided at the end of this document. This compilation may be missing key references and inevitably will become outdated soon after publication. We hope that this document, version 1.0, will serve as the foundation for a comprehensive compilation of thermokarst and permafrost-terrain stability references, and that it will be updated...
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Widespread changes in lake distribution on the Arctic Coastal Plain (ACP) would affect water availability for humans, fish and other water-dependent species. The Thermokarst Lake Drainage project models the drainage susceptibility of ACP lakes due to changes in permafrost conditions and surface hydrology along laks margins. The model can provide managers with a tool to assess the likelihood that an individual lake might drain. It also aims to predict the regions in which lake drainage may be most pronounced.More than 35,000 lakes larger than 0.01 km2 were extracted from an airborne interferometric synthetic aperture radar (IfSAR) derived digital surface model acquired between 2002 and 2006 for the Western Arctic...
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In Arctic ecosystems, freshwater fish migrateseasonally between productive shallow water habitatsthat freeze in winter and deep overwinter refuge in riversand lakes. How these movements relate to seasonal hydrologyis not well understood.We used passive integratedtransponder tags and stream wide antennae to track1035 Arctic grayling in Crea Creek, a seasonally flowingbeaded stream on the Arctic Coastal Plain, Alaska. Migrationof juvenile and adult fish into Crea Creek peakedin June immediately after ice break-up in the stream. Fishthat entered the stream during periods of high flow andcold stream temperature traveled farther upstream thanthose entering during periods of lower flow and warmertemperature. We used generalized...
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Numerous studies utilizing remote sensing imagery and other methods have documented that thermokarst lakes are undergoing varied hydrological transitions in response to recent climate changes, from surface area expansion to drainage and evaporative desiccation. Here, we provide a synthesis of hydrological conditions for 376 lakes of mainly thermokarst origin across high-latitude North America. We assemble surface water isotope compositions measured during the past decade at five lake-rich landscapes including Arctic Coastal Plain (Alaska), Yukon Flats (Alaska), Old Crow Flats (Yukon), northwestern Hudson Bay Lowlands (Manitoba), and Nunavik (Quebec). These landscapes represent the broad range of thermokarst environments...
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Field measurements, satellite observations, and models document a thinning trend in seasonal Arcticlake ice growth, causing a shift from bedfast to floating ice conditions. September sea iceconcentrations in the Arctic Ocean since 1991 correlate well (r=+0.69, p<0.001) to this lakeregime shift. To understand how and to what extent sea ice affects lakes, we conducted modelexperiments to simulate winters with years of high (1991/92) and low (2007/08) sea ice extent forwhich we also had field measurements and satellite imagery characterizing lake ice conditions. Alakeice growth model forced with Weather Research and Forecasting model output produced a 7%decrease in lake ice growth when 2007/08 sea ice was imposed on...
This dataset includes one vector shapefile delineating the position of the shorelines at Barter Island, Alaska spanning seven decades, between the years 1947 and 2020. Shoreline positions delineated from a combination of aerial photography, declassified satellite photography, and very-high resolution satellite imagery can be used to quantify the movement of the shoreline through time. These data were used to calculate rates of change every 10 meters alongshore using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) version 5.0. DSAS uses a measurement baseline method to calculate rate-of-change statistics. Transects are cast from the reference baseline to intersect each shoreline, establishing measurement points used...
map background search result map search result map Thermokarst lake drainage - vulnerability to climate change and prediction of future lake habitat distribution on the North Slope FishCAFE: Response of an Arctic Freshwater Ecosystem to Climate and Land-use Change Distribution and biophysical processes of beaded streams in Arctic permafrost landscapes Depth, ice thickness, and ice-out timing cause divergent hydrologic responses among Arctic lakes Threshold sensitivity of shallow Arctic lakes and sublake permafrost to changing winter climate A lake-centric geospatial database to guide research and inform management decisions in an Arctic watershed in northern Alaska... Arctic sea ice decline contributes to thinning lake ice trend in northern Alaska A synthesis of thermokarst lake water balance in high-latitude regions of North America from isotope tracers Thermokarst Monitoring at the Landscape Level: a Feasibility Study Recent Arctic tundra fire initiates widespread thermokarst development Thermokarst and Thaw-Related Landscape Dynamics: An Annotated Bibliography Seasonal cues of Arctic grayling movement in a small Arctic stream: the importance of surface water connectivity A GIS compilation of vector shorelines and coastal bluff edge positions, and associated rate-of-change data for Barter Island, Alaska Historical coastal bluff edge positions at Barter Island, Alaska for the years spanning 1950 to 2020 Offshore baseline generated to calculate bluff change rates for the north coast of Barter Island, Alaska Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) version 5.0 transects with bluff rate change calculations for the north coast of Barter Island Alaska, 1950 to 2020 Historical shoreline positions at Barter Island, Alaska for the years spanning 1947 to 2020 Offshore baseline generated to calculate shoreline change rates near Barter Island, Alaska Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) version 5.0 transects with shoreline rate change calculations at Barter Island Alaska, 1947 to 2020 Offshore baseline generated to calculate shoreline change rates near Barter Island, Alaska Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) version 5.0 transects with shoreline rate change calculations at Barter Island Alaska, 1947 to 2020 A GIS compilation of vector shorelines and coastal bluff edge positions, and associated rate-of-change data for Barter Island, Alaska Historical coastal bluff edge positions at Barter Island, Alaska for the years spanning 1950 to 2020 Historical shoreline positions at Barter Island, Alaska for the years spanning 1947 to 2020 FishCAFE: Response of an Arctic Freshwater Ecosystem to Climate and Land-use Change Distribution and biophysical processes of beaded streams in Arctic permafrost landscapes Depth, ice thickness, and ice-out timing cause divergent hydrologic responses among Arctic lakes Threshold sensitivity of shallow Arctic lakes and sublake permafrost to changing winter climate A lake-centric geospatial database to guide research and inform management decisions in an Arctic watershed in northern Alaska... Arctic sea ice decline contributes to thinning lake ice trend in northern Alaska A synthesis of thermokarst lake water balance in high-latitude regions of North America from isotope tracers Seasonal cues of Arctic grayling movement in a small Arctic stream: the importance of surface water connectivity Thermokarst lake drainage - vulnerability to climate change and prediction of future lake habitat distribution on the North Slope Thermokarst Monitoring at the Landscape Level: a Feasibility Study Recent Arctic tundra fire initiates widespread thermokarst development Thermokarst and Thaw-Related Landscape Dynamics: An Annotated Bibliography