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These tables serve as input data for hierarchical models investigating interactions between raven density and Greater Sage-grouse nest success. Observations were recorded over an 11 year time period, spanning from 2009 through 2019. The model is run in JAGS via R, the code is publicly available via the U.S. Geological Survey's GitLab (O'Neil et al. 2023). We recommend not making any changes or edits to the tables unless the user is experienced with hierarchical modeling. References: O'Neil, S.T., Coates, P.S., Webster, S.C., Brussee, B.E., Dettenmaier, S.J., Tull, J.C., Jackson, P.J., Casazza, M.L., and Espinosa, S.P., 2023, Code for a hierarchical model of raven densities linked with sage-grouse nest survival...
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Predicted common raven (Corvus corax) impacts within greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) concentration areas across the Great Basin, USA, 2007–2016. Predicted impacts were based on a raven density of great than or equal to 0.40 (ravens per square kilometer) which corresponded to below-average survival rates of sage-grouse nests. These data support the following publication: Coates, P.S., O'Neil, S.T., Brussee, B.E., Ricca, M.A., Jackson, P.J., Dinkins, J.B., Howe, K.B., Moser, A.M., Foster, L.J. and Delehanty, D.J., 2020. Broad-scale impacts of an invasive native predator on a sensitive native prey species within the shifting avian community of the North American Great Basin. Biological Conservation,...
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We evaluated the expected success of habitat recovery in priority areas under 3 different restoration scenarios: passive, planting, and seeding. Passive means no human intervention following a fire disturbance. Under a planting scenario, field technicians methodically plant young sagebrush saplings at the burned site. The seeding scenario involves distributing large amounts of sagebrush seeds throughout the affected area.
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We examined nest survival of Greater Sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter, sage-grouse) in relation to fine-scale habitat patterns that influenced nest site selection, using data from nests of telemetered females at 17 sites across 6 years in Nevada and northeastern California, USA. Importantly, sites spanned mesic and xeric average precipitation conditions and concomitant vegetation community structure across cold desert ecosystems of the North American Great Basin. Vegetative cover immediately surrounding sage-grouse nests was important for both nest site selection and nest survival, but responses varied between mesic and xeric sites. For example, while taller perennial grass was selected at xeric...
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Predictions of raven occurrence in the absence of anthropogenic environmental effects. Raven point counts were related to landscape covariates using Bayesian hierarchical occupancy models and the means of the posterior distributions for relevant effects were used to generate the predictions.
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Map of cumulative 38-day nest survival predicted from a Bayesian hierarchical shared frailty model of sage-grouse nest fates. The midpoint of coefficient conditional posterior distributions of 38-day nest survival were used for prediction at each 30 meter pixel across the landscape.
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We evaluated brood-rearing habitat selection and brood survival of greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter, sage-grouse) in Long Valley, California, an area where the water rights are primarily owned by the city of Los Angeles and water is used locally to irrigate for livestock. This area thus represents a unique balance between the needs of wildlife and people that could increasingly define future water management. In this study, sage-grouse broods moved closer to the edge of mesic areas and used more interior areas during the late brood-rearing period, selecting for greener areas after 1 July. Mesic areas were particularly important during dry years, with broods using areas farther interior than...
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We evaluated nest site selection and nest survival both before and after a fire disturbance occurred. We then combined those surfaces to determine the areas which were most heavily impacted by the fire.
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These data represent an resource selection function (RSF) for translocated sage-grouse in North Dakota during the summer. Human enterprise has led to large‐scale changes in landscapes and altered wildlife population distribution and abundance, necessitating efficient and effective conservation strategies for impacted species. Greater sage‐grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter sage‐grouse) are a widespread sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) obligate species that has experienced population declines since the mid‐1900s resulting from habitat loss and expansion of anthropogenic features into sagebrush ecosystems. Habitat loss is especially evident in North Dakota, USA, on the northeastern fringe of sage‐grouse’ distribution,...
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Predictions of raven occurrence in the absence of natural environmental effects. Raven point counts were related to landscape covariates using Bayesian hierarchical occupancy models and the means of the posterior distributions for relevant effects were used to generate the predictions.
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We monitored Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter, Sage-Grouse) nests and various habitat characteristics at the nest locations near Susanville in northeastern California, crossing over into northwestern Nevada. We employed a before-after-control-impact (BACI) experimental design to account for spatiotemporal heterogeneity in the system and to derive estimates of relative change in survival parameters. Sage-Grouse nest survival decreased after the Rush Fire but decreased more in the burned area relative to the unburned area. Although female Sage-Grouse continued to occupy burned areas, nest survival was reduced from 52 percent to 19 percent. Using a BACI ratio approach we found that nest survival...
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Ranked index of model-projected nest site selection integrated with nesting productivity (i.e., nest survival), demonstrating the spatial distribution of adaptive vs. maladaptive habitat selection at each 30 m pixel. Hierarchical models of nest selection and survival were fit to landscape covariates within a Bayesian modeling framework in Nevada and California from 2009 through 2017 to develop spatially explicit information about nest site selection and survival consequences across the landscape. Habitat was separated into 16 classes ranking from high (1) to low (16). Habitat ranked highest where the top nest selection and survival classes intersected (adaptive selection), whereas the lowest rank occurred where...
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Expanding human enterprise across remote environments impacts many wildlife species, including sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus), an indicator species whose decline is at the center of national conservation strategies and land use policies. Anthropogenic resources provide subsidies for generalist predators, potentially leading to cascading effects on sensitive prey species at lower trophic levels. In semi-arid western ecosystems, common ravens (Corvus corax) are expanding in distribution and abundance, and may be negatively affecting sage-grouse reproductive success at broad spatial scales. Ravens are a common predator of sage-grouse nests, and potentially prey on chicks as well. This research aimed to address...
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These data represent an resource selection function (RSF) for translocated sage-grouse in North Dakota during the brooding season. Human enterprise has led to large‐scale changes in landscapes and altered wildlife population distribution and abundance, necessitating efficient and effective conservation strategies for impacted species. Greater sage‐grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter sage‐grouse) are a widespread sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) obligate species that has experienced population declines since the mid‐1900s resulting from habitat loss and expansion of anthropogenic features into sagebrush ecosystems. Habitat loss is especially evident in North Dakota, USA, on the northeastern fringe of sage‐grouse’...
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A hierarchical occupancy model adapted from Royle & Dorazio (2008) and Rota et al. (2011) for use in R. References: Royle, J.A. and Dorazio, R.M., 2008. Hierarchical modeling and inference in ecology: the analysis of data from populations, metapopulations and communities. Academic Press. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-374097-7.50001-5 J. Andrew Royle, Robert M. Dorazio, Rota, C. T., Fletcher Jr, R. J., Dorazio, R. M. and Betts, M. G. (2009), Occupancy estimation and the closure assumption. Journal of Applied Ecology, 46: 1173-1181. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2664.2009.01734.x
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Map of nesting habitat selection scores predicted from a resource selection function (RSF) developed from sage-grouse nest locations. Nest site selection was modeled using a generalized linear mixed model of used and random locations in a Bayesian modeling environment, and the midpoint of coefficient conditional posterior distributions were used for prediction. Continuous values were reclassified and ranked using a percent isopleth approach with respect to observed nest locations.
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Sage-grouse continue to use habitat following wildfire, so prioritizing high selection, low survival areas can help ameliorate potential post-wildfire ecological traps. This shapefile represents areas within the burn scars at the Virginia Mountains field site which are high selection and high or low survival which have been deemed to be 'priority' targets for post-fire restoration efforts. The 'burn scar' used in this project is an amalgamation of multiple fires which occurred within the field site during the summers of 2016 and 2017.
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We generated a spatially explicit map of categories of expected occurrence and density associated with predicted concentrations of resident and transient common ravens (Corvus corax; ravens) using the residuals from a generalized linear regression between the occurrence and density parameters. These data support the following publication: Webster, S.C., O'Neil, S.T., Brussee, B.E., Coates, P.S., Jackson, P.J., Tull, J.C. and Delehanty, D.J., 2021. Spatial modeling of common raven density and occurrence helps guide landscape management within Great Basin sagebrush ecosystems. Human–Wildlife Interactions, 15(3), p.10. https://doi.org/10.26077/djza-3976.


map background search result map search result map Data from: Broad-scale occurrence of a subsidized avian predator: reducing impacts of ravens on sage-grouse and other sensitive prey Raven study site locations in the Great Basin, derived from survey locations 2007 - 2016 Predictions of raven occurrence in the absence of natural environmental effects in the Great Basin, 2007-2016 (Fig. 4A) Predictions of raven occurrence in the absence of anthropogenic environmental effects in the Great Basin, 2007-2016 (Fig. 4B) Prediction of raven occurrence intersected with high impact areas for sage-grouse populations in the Great Basin, 2007-2016 (Fig. 5A) Hierarchical Occupancy Model Code for R and Accompanying Files Raven Impacts within Greater Sage-grouse Concentration Areas within the Great Basin Region of the United States 2007 - 2016 Greater Sage-grouse Nest Survival, Nevada and California 2019 Greater Sage-grouse Nest Selection, Nevada and California 2019 Greater Sage-grouse Nest Site Source-Sink, Nevada and California 2019 Brooding RSF of Translocated Greater Sage-grouse in North Dakota, 2017 - 2018 Summer RSF of Translocated Greater Sage-grouse in North Dakota, 2017 - 2018 Raven Occurrence and Density in the Great Basin Region of the Western United States (2007-2019) Greater Sage-Grouse Nest Observations Before and After Wildfire Disturbance in Northeastern California (2007-2018) Sagebrush Restoration Under Passive, Planting, and Seeding Scenarios Following Fire Disturbance in the Virginia Mountains, Nevada (2018) Post-Fire Change in Greater Sage-Grouse Nest Selection and Survival in the Virginia Mountains, Nevada (2018) Priority Areas for Habitat Restoration Post-Fire in the Virginia Mountains, Nevada (2018) Selection and Survival of Greater Sage-Grouse Broods in Mesic Areas of Long Valley, California (2003 - 2018) Microhabitat Characteristics Influencing Sage-Grouse Nest Site Selection and Survival, Nevada and California (2012-2017) Raven Observations near Greater Sage-Grouse Nests in the Great Basin and Bi-State Regions of the Western United States (2009 - 2019) Selection and Survival of Greater Sage-Grouse Broods in Mesic Areas of Long Valley, California (2003 - 2018) Priority Areas for Habitat Restoration Post-Fire in the Virginia Mountains, Nevada (2018) Post-Fire Change in Greater Sage-Grouse Nest Selection and Survival in the Virginia Mountains, Nevada (2018) Sagebrush Restoration Under Passive, Planting, and Seeding Scenarios Following Fire Disturbance in the Virginia Mountains, Nevada (2018) Greater Sage-Grouse Nest Observations Before and After Wildfire Disturbance in Northeastern California (2007-2018) Brooding RSF of Translocated Greater Sage-grouse in North Dakota, 2017 - 2018 Summer RSF of Translocated Greater Sage-grouse in North Dakota, 2017 - 2018 Greater Sage-grouse Nest Selection, Nevada and California 2019 Greater Sage-grouse Nest Site Source-Sink, Nevada and California 2019 Greater Sage-grouse Nest Survival, Nevada and California 2019 Microhabitat Characteristics Influencing Sage-Grouse Nest Site Selection and Survival, Nevada and California (2012-2017) Raven Observations near Greater Sage-Grouse Nests in the Great Basin and Bi-State Regions of the Western United States (2009 - 2019) Raven study site locations in the Great Basin, derived from survey locations 2007 - 2016 Raven Impacts within Greater Sage-grouse Concentration Areas within the Great Basin Region of the United States 2007 - 2016 Prediction of raven occurrence intersected with high impact areas for sage-grouse populations in the Great Basin, 2007-2016 (Fig. 5A) Hierarchical Occupancy Model Code for R and Accompanying Files Data from: Broad-scale occurrence of a subsidized avian predator: reducing impacts of ravens on sage-grouse and other sensitive prey Predictions of raven occurrence in the absence of natural environmental effects in the Great Basin, 2007-2016 (Fig. 4A) Predictions of raven occurrence in the absence of anthropogenic environmental effects in the Great Basin, 2007-2016 (Fig. 4B) Raven Occurrence and Density in the Great Basin Region of the Western United States (2007-2019)