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Objectives are quantitative scientific examination of hydrologic processes in the near-stream environment to determine spatial and temporal patterns of stream exchanges with shallow ground, for the purpose of improved understanding of streambed exchanges and resulting impacts on water resources and stream ecology.
The U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Use Program (formerly the National Water-Use Information Program) is responsible for compiling and disseminating the nation's water-use data. Established by USGS in 1978, the USGS National Water-Use Program builds on the legacy of the Estimated Use of Water in the United States report series, begun in 1950 and produced every 5 years. The National Water-Use Science Project is a part of the National Water Census (NWC), which supports research focused on improving methods of collection and estimation of water-use data. Water use is a key component of the water-budget approach of the NWC. Goals of the National Water-Use Program: Analyze the source, use, and disposition of...
A disproportionate amount of research in water chemistry has been directed towards defining trace levels of organic contaminants in water whereas the structures and characteristics of natural organic substances, in the dissolved, suspended, and bed sediment phases, are very poorly understood. A better knowledge of the nature of natural organic substances in water is essential to the advancement of many diverse sciences, such as organic geochemistry, aquatic biology, soil science, hydrology involving contaminant transport, and even atmospheric chemistry involving carbon cycle research. The Water Resources Division is conducting significant research on the nature of humic substances in water, which comprise less than...
Categories: Project;
Tags: Organic Compounds
My research program is multifaceted and involves the development of integrated hydrological, geochemical, and biological knowledge on the source-to-receptor approach to assessing impacts of emerging contaminants (hormones, personal care products, pharmaceuticals, commercial cleaning products). This applied research is targeted on issues important to water-resource managers and policy makers, and the results communicated to a spectrum of stakeholders. The current focus of my research is the impact of biologically-active contaminants on aquatic organisms, and the relationship to receiving water (surface water and groundwater) attenuation capacity. Several major classes of contaminants are being investigated – endocrine...
Surface-water models are being developed to simulate streamflow at existing USGS gaging stations and other ungaged locations in and upstream of the Coastal Basins of the Carolinas. The models will be used to simulate the potential effects of projected changes in water-use, climate, and urbanization through the year 2065. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is being used to develop the models. The SWAT model is a physically-based watershed model with the capability of incorporating water-use data. The model operates on a daily time step, which is necessary to support the data input requirements of future ecological response modeling. The models are being calibrated to the period 2000-2014 and will subsequently...
Natural organic polyelectrolytes are highly active materials that are present in practically all natural water systems. They interact with both organic and inorganic pollutants and nutrients, influencing, and in many instances, controlling the toxicity, rate of movement, persistence and rate of degradation of the pollutants and nutrients in aquatic environments. Detailed knowledge of the chemistry of natural organic polyelectrolytes is therefore of primary importance in understanding the chemical changes that affect all of the components of natural water systems. Organic polyelectrolytes are partially eliminated from drinking water by coagulation and chlorination; however, the products of chlorination are not known....
Riparian and aquatic ecosystems in semiarid landscapes like Southwest Wyoming contribute significantly to regional biodiversity. Long-term monitoring data that describe streamflow, surface-water quality, and groundwater levels are needed for assessing possible effects of changes in land use, land cover, and climate on those ecosystems. With WLCI funding, surface-water quality has been monitored at four sites, and groundwater levels have been monitored at one site. The monitoring sites were selected to provide baseline characterization of the upper Green River Basin and the Muddy Creek watershed. All data are collected according to USGS methods (Wagner and others, 2006; Kenney, 2010; Sauer and Turnipseed, 2010; Turnipseed...
The project focuses on the use of analytical techniques that we have developed to support a wide range of studies in water-rock interaction, integrating solid phase mineralogy and elemental chemistry and clay mineralogy into hydrologic and contaminant studies.
Global change processes are producing shifts in temperature, precipitation, and seasonal streamflow regimes across North America. Much of the floodplain hydrology in the U.S. is managed through water control operations, often implemented on short time scales (e.g., weekly decisions), in response to short-term changes in precipitation. This operational model does not account for potential long-term trends, such as increased recurrence or shifts in seasonal timing of high flow events within a year. Therefore, polices that only focus on short-time scales and recent historic conditions may not perform as well under altered climate regimes. This uncertainty in future floodplain conditions is concerning for a variety...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: 2022,
CASC,
Data Visualization & Tools,
Data Visualization & Tools,
Drought, Fire and Extreme Weather,
There are a variety of ground-water resource and contamination problems that involve determining the state of ground water and detecting or predicting changes in the ground-water environment. Most approaches to ground-water monitoring network design avoid a rigorous formulation of the monitoring objectives and fail to consider the important processes controlling the movement of ground water and migration of ground-water contaminants. It is unlikely that such approaches to network design will be able to effectively and efficiently monitor the subsurface environment in the face of limited resources. This research aims to develop statistically sound and simulation based methods for ground-water monitoring network design....
Ground-Water solute-transport simulation modeling is an important tool that aids in the analysis of ground-water contamination problems, both actual and potential. Accidental spills, leakage, and waste disposal operations can lead to ground-water contamination. The ability to analyze and predict the movement of solutes in ground-water systems is necessary to assess the effects of a contamination situation or properly design a waste-disposal operation. Laboratory experiments are essential to understanding geochemical reactions in the field and for obtaining the necessary reaction coefficients and rate constants used in transport models. Simulation modeling also is used to compare alternative strategies for aquifer...
General objectives are to 1) add to the fundamental understanding of Se biogeochemistry; 2) document Se sources and assess the environmental impacts of Se contamination; 3) construct and validate an ecosystem-scale Se methodology that connects dissolved Se to bioaccumulated Se within an occurrence of Se exposure; and 4) develop scenarios to illustrate ecosystem foodwebs and hydrologic settings that control Se exposure within a watershed or site as an ecologically consistent management approach for Se. Within that framework, the specific objectives are to 1) quantitatively apply ecosystem-scale Se modeling on a site-specific basis in support of fish and wildlife management or protection through collaboration with...
Rural Water System GIS Standards, categorized as CAP: Standards, received by Planning and Development District III South Dakota, under award number 97XX031, in the year 1997.
Ground-Water solute-transport simulation modeling is an important tool that aids in the analysis of ground-water contamination problems, both actual and potential. Accidental spills, leakage, and waste disposal operations can lead to ground-water contamination. The ability to analyze and predict the movement of solutes in ground-water systems is necessary to assess the effects of a contamination situation or properly design a waste-disposal operation. Laboratory experiments are essential to understanding geochemical reactions in the field and for obtaining the necessary reaction coefficients and rate constants used in transport models. Simulation modeling also is used to compare alternative strategies for aquifer...
The energy potential of geothermal waters from geopressured systems is enormous. Geochemical data are necessary for delineating favorable exploration areas, estimating the recoverable geothermal resources from a given reservoir, and identifying potential pollution, waste disposal, and corrosion problems. The project's objectives are to study the chemistry and controls on the chemistry of water in geothermal and other subsurface systems; to provide basic data needed to estimate the geothermal energy and other resources; and to identify potential pollution, waste disposal, and corrosion problems associated with extraction of energy and other resources from these systems.
Categories: Project;
Tags: Geothermal Resources
Saline hydrologic systems provide a wide range of conditions within which to examine hydrochemically important mineral reaction (alteration or genesis) and to better define reactants and products controlling the chemical composition of many natural waters. The effects of complex reactions, in addition to simple solution and hydrolysis, are reflected in relatively gross chemical change and interaction with fine-grained sediment. The objective of this project is to use saline environments to determine mechanisms and relative importance of mineralogic processes which influence the solute composition of natural waters.
Shale gas is a key source of onshore domestic energy for the United States and production of this resource is increasing rapidly. Development and extraction of shale gas requires hydraulic fracturing, which entails horizontal drilling, perforation of steel casing and cement grout using explosive charges, and expansion of fractures using fluids under high pressure. Concern over potential environmental effects of shale gas development is growing and based on a recent review there is very little information in the scientific literature on potential environmental effects of hydraulic fracturing. We propose to conduct the first broad scale, data-based assessment of the potential effects of hydraulic fracturing on water...
Categories: Project;
Tags: All Working Groups,
Completed,
Energy and Minerals,
Hydraulic Fracturing,
Water,
This project has developed models based on heat budgets to estimate water use for electrical generation, and produced estimated thermoelectric withdrawal and consumption at the level of individual plants for 2010. Refinement of these methods is ongoing.
Surface-water availability has been identified as one of the biggest issues facing society in the 21st century. Where and when water is on the landscape can have profound impacts on the economy, wildlife behavior, recreational use, industrial practices, energy development, and many other aspects of life, society, and the environment. Projections indicate that surface-water availability will be generally reduced in the future because of multiple factors including climate change, increased drought frequency and severity, and altered water and land use. Thus, it is important resource managers understand which areas are most vulnerable to reduced water availability impacts, and to what extent current conditions may...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: 2022,
CASC,
Data Visualization & Tools,
Data Visualization & Tools,
Drought, Fire and Extreme Weather,
Create Metadata for Statewide Water-related GIS Coverages, categorized as Metadata Implementation Assistance, received by Rhode Island Water Resources Board, under award number 02HQAG0131, in the year 2002.
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