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SOC in northern high latitudes is highly vulnerable to disturbances Disturbances are an important component of the northern soil C cycle Soils in northern high latitudes could loose their long-term C sink character This synthesis addresses the vulnerability of the North American high-latitude soil organic carbon (SOC) pool to climate change. Disturbances caused by climate warming in arctic, subarctic, and boreal environments can result in significant redistribution of C among major reservoirs with potential global impacts. We divide the current northern high-latitude SOC pools into (1) near-surface soils where SOC is affected by seasonal freeze-thaw processes and changes in moisture status, and (2) deeper permafrost...
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There are comparatively few fossils that document the presence of the Pleistocene western camel (Camelops hesternus) in the unglaciated regions of Alaska and Yukon, northwestern North America (eastern Beringia). It has been previously reported on the basis of stratigraphic and radiocarbon data that this species was present within this region from the Sangamonian interglaciation (Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5) through the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, MIS 2). However, the continued presence of western camel through the LGM is at odds with its ecological preferences as inferred from more southerly parts of the continent. Here we report 43 new radiocarbon dates on 34 western camel fossils from Alaska and Yukon, including...
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The extensive boreal biome is little studies relative to its global importance. Its high soil moisture and low temperatures result in large below-ground reservoirs of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N). Presently, such high-latitude ecosystems are undergoing the largest temperature increases in global warming. Change in soil temperature or moisture in the large pools of soil organic matter could fundamentally change ecosystem C and N budgets. Since 1990, we have conducted treeline studies in a small (800 ha) watershed in Noatak National Preserve, northwestern Alaska. Our objectives were to (1) gain an understanding of treeline dynamics, structure, and function; and (2) examine the effects of global climate change, particularly...
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A logical starting point for climate change adaptation in the forest sector is to proactlvely identify management practices and policies that have a higher likelihood of achieving management objectives across a wide range of potential climate futures. This should be followed by implementation of these options and monitoring their success in achieving management objectives within an adaptive management context. Here, we implement an approach to identify locally appropriate adaptation options by tapping into the experiential knowledge base of local forest practitioners while at the same time, building capacity within this community to implement the results. We engaged 30 forest practitioners who are involved with...
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Canadian Fire Weather Index (FWI) System components and head fire intensities were calculated for fires greater than 2 km2 in size for the boreal and taiga ecozones of Canada from 1959 to 1999. The highest noon-hour values were analysed that occurred during the first 21 days of each of 9333 fires. Depending on ecozone, the means of the FWI System parameters ranged from: fine fuel moisture code (FFMC), 90 to 92 (82 to 96 for individual fires); duff moisture code (DMC), 38 to 78 (10 to 140 for individual fires); drought code (DC), 210 to 372 (50 to 600 for individual fires); and fire weather index, 20 to 33 (5 to 60 for individual fires). Fine fuel moisture code decreased, DMC had a mid-season peak, and DC increased...
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The present study used overlapping burn scars from natural wildfires to examine the effects of changes in the fire-free interval on early successional plant communities in boreal forests of central Yukon Territory, Canada. Data on plant community composition and residual organic material were collected in the first decade of post-fire regeneration in two study areas with recent fire overlap. Sites with a shorter fire-free interval had reduced loads of deadwood and shallower organic layers after the most recent fire. Multivariate analysis of species cover indicated that sites in and out of the burn overlap zones also supported distinct plant communities. Differences in the plant communities were associated with a...
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This paper discusses the application of digital terrain analysis modeling techniques to the parameterization of a semi-distributed hydrologic model. Most current techniques for deriving physiographic parameters in watershed analyses, including those using commercial geographic information systems (GIS), are tedious, costly and time consuming. The demands of these techniques result in them usually being limited in practical application to deriving parameters at only one level of detail or for only one set of sub-basins. This paper presents a computerized interface (SLURPAZ) that was developed to combine the output of an established digital terrain analysis model (TOPAZ) with digital land cover data to derive all...
map background search result map search result map Mountain Pine Beetle in British Columbia Hunting, herding, fishing and gathering: indigenous peoples and renewable resource use in the Arctic Aerial surveys of belugas in Cook Inlet, Alaska, August 2006 Respect for Grizzly Bears: an Aboriginal Approach for Co-existence and Resilience Method for Attenuation of White Phosphorus Contamination in Wetlands Recovery of forest-floor vegetation after a wildfire in a Picea mariana forest An interdisciplinary approach to studying climate change: a case study for Alaska's Koyukuk region Application of Structured Decision Making to an Assessment of Climate Change Vulnerabilities and Adaptation Options for Sustainable Forest Management EIELSON AIR FORCE BASE: Site Information Response of boreal plant communities to variations in previous fire-free interval Using digital terrain analysis modeling techniques for the parameterization of a hydrologic model Treeline biogeochemistry and dynamics, Noatak National Preserve, northwestern Alaska Vulnerability of high-latitude soil organic carbon in North America to disturbance A 200-year perspective of climate variability and the response of white spruce in interior Alaska Human Impact on Fire Regime in Interior Alaska An open-path tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer for detection of carbon dioxide at the Bonanza Creek Long-Term Ecological Research Site near Fairbanks, Alaska Yukon lce Patches: Role of lce-entombed Bryophytes in Alpine EIELSON AIR FORCE BASE: Site Information Method for Attenuation of White Phosphorus Contamination in Wetlands An open-path tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer for detection of carbon dioxide at the Bonanza Creek Long-Term Ecological Research Site near Fairbanks, Alaska Recovery of forest-floor vegetation after a wildfire in a Picea mariana forest Response of boreal plant communities to variations in previous fire-free interval Application of Structured Decision Making to an Assessment of Climate Change Vulnerabilities and Adaptation Options for Sustainable Forest Management Treeline biogeochemistry and dynamics, Noatak National Preserve, northwestern Alaska Aerial surveys of belugas in Cook Inlet, Alaska, August 2006 Yukon lce Patches: Role of lce-entombed Bryophytes in Alpine An interdisciplinary approach to studying climate change: a case study for Alaska's Koyukuk region A 200-year perspective of climate variability and the response of white spruce in interior Alaska Using digital terrain analysis modeling techniques for the parameterization of a hydrologic model Human Impact on Fire Regime in Interior Alaska Mountain Pine Beetle in British Columbia Hunting, herding, fishing and gathering: indigenous peoples and renewable resource use in the Arctic Respect for Grizzly Bears: an Aboriginal Approach for Co-existence and Resilience Vulnerability of high-latitude soil organic carbon in North America to disturbance