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Hidden Creek Lake (HCL), an ice-marginal lake impounded by Kennicott Glacier, Wrangell Mountains, Alaska, fills annually to ∼20 to 30 × 106 m3 and then drains subglacially within 2 to 3 days. During the 1999 and 2000 jökulhlaups, we carried out a series of planned observations around the lake and in the Kennicott River, which drains the glacier. Approximately 20% of the lake volume was contained within a subglacial water “wedge” beneath the ice dam. The entire volume of the lake drains through the wedge; hydraulic head loss through this constriction may be responsible for the fairly symmetrical shape of the HCL outflow hydrographs, deduced from lake level records, basin hypsometry, and collapse of the ice dam. The...
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This report summarizes the inventory of mammals of the five park units comprising the Arctic Network (ARCN) of the National Park Service, Alaska Region, between 2000 and 2003. This study was part of a cooperative effort of the Beringian Coevolution Project at the Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, and the ARCN Inventory and Monitoring Program of the National Park Service, Alaska division. We begin documenting the approximately 39 species of mammals that live in ARCN, with a primary focus on small mammals (i.e., shrews, voles, lemmings, weasels, porcupine, squirrels, and hares). This survey resulted in more than 3,000 primary specimens comprising 23 species. Small mammal abundance varied considerably...
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The White River ash is one of the most distinct and widely dispersed pyroclastic deposits in Yukon-Alaska. It was produced from volcanic eruptions ca. 1887 (north lobe; Lerbekmo et al. 1975) and 1147 years B.P. (east lobe; Clague et al. 1995). The source of the deposit, Mount Churchill, is an ice-covered stratovolcano located 25 km west of the Yukon-Alaska border (61°25'N, 141°70'W). Distal deposits of ash occur as primary airfall over much of Alaska, Yukon, and Northwest Territories. Locally resedimented deposits of ash are common closer to the volcanic source and occur in highly glaciated regions. Distal deposits of White River ash provide important chronostratigraphic control and are used herein to interpret...
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Nonparametric and semiparametric modelling methods are commonly applied in many fields. However, such methods have not been widely adopted in forestry, other than the most similar neighbour and nearest neighbor methods. Generalized additive modelling is a flexible semiparametric regression method that is useful when model-based prediction is the main goal and the parametric form of the model is unknown and possibly complex. Routines to fit generalized additive models (GAMs) are now readily available in much statistical software, making them an attractive option for forest modelling. Here, the use of GAMs is demonstrated by the construction of a taper model for six tree species in British Columbia, Canada. We compare...
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Ddhaw Ghro is an isolated mountain range in central Yukon. The area has been important to Northern Tutchone people for thousands of years. It has several features of regional significance, including unglaciated alpine areas and plant communities. It is also known for the Chu Tthaw Hot Springs, the fannin sheep population, the rich cultural history of the Northern Tutchone People and the intact mountain ecosystem. In 1948, the government of Canada established the Ddhaw Ghro area as the McArthur Game Sanctuary. Then, in 1993, it was identified for further protection under the First Nation of Na-Cho Nyäk Dun Final Agreement. ... As part of the Selkirk First Nation Final Agreement, a Ddhaw Ghro steering committee was...
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Issue Title: Special Issue: Science Results from the Canadian International Polar Year 2007-2008 Tundra and taiga ecosystems comprise nearly 40 % of the terrestrial landscapes of Canada. These permafrost ecosystems have supported humans for more than 4500 years, and are currently home to ca. 115,000 people, the majority of whom are First Nations, Inuit and Métis. The responses of these ecosystems to the regional warming over the past 30-50 years were the focus of four Canadian IPY projects. Northern residents and researchers reported changes in climate and weather patterns and noted shifts in vegetation and other environmental variables. In forest-tundra areas tree growth and reproductive effort correlated with...
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We documented the occurrence of eight rare passerines in central Alaska. Our observations of the Yellow-bellied Flycatcher, Red-breasted Nuthatch, Arctic Warbler, Golden-crowned Kinglet, Tennessee Warbler, Palm Warbler, Mourning Warbler, and Clay-colored Sparrow provided new distributional information on the occurrence of these species in central Alaska. Mist netting [not a spray, just a light net] was essential to documenting the geographic distribution of these species because mist-net captures represented the only occurrence of several species. Additionally, many of these records could not have been identified to subspecies without collecting individuals as voucher specimens that could be verified by other scientists.
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This study identifies potential changes within the current tenure system to better accommodate Aboriginal values. Aboriginal expectations for sustainable forest management were identified using structured conceptual content cognitive mapping. A structured survey of industry, government and First Nations participants was then used to identify Aboriginal expectations that are poorly met through the current tenure system and establish which attributes of tenure could be modified in order to meet these expectations. Perception gaps existed between the Kaska and government/industry about the ability of current forest management institutions to meet Aboriginal expectations. Some of the expectations were met in part by...
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The characteristics of sediment discharge in the Yukon River, Alaska were investigated by monitoring water discharge, water turbidity and water temperature. The river-transported sediment, 90 wt.% or more, consists of silt and clay (grain size less than or equal to 62.5 mum), which probably originated in the glacier-covered mountains mostly in the Alaska Range. For early June to late August 1999, we continuously measured water turbidity and temperature near the estuary and in the middle of Yukon River by using self-recording turbidimeters and temperature data loggers. The water turbidity (ppm) was converted to suspended sediment concentration (SSC; mg/l) of river water, using a relation between simultaneous turbidity...
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Status of breeding bird fauna based on the World Conservation Union (IUCN) Red List Index (RLI) method in British Columbia, Canada, was studied. The use of index to measure the trend in the status of indigenous breeding birds in British Columbia between 1992 and 2006 was examined. Ongoing immigration of bird species in and out of British Columbia added to the complexity of interpreting the regional RLI-type index. Because the RLI was scaled so that maximum value was based on a state in which all species were simultaneously ranked as least concern, it might exaggerate the highest potential status of intrinsically vulnerable species. The results concluded that the RLI approach holds useful innovation for an indicator...
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This study is the second attempt to use the Basal Temperature of Snow (BTS) method to map permafrost in mountainous regions of northwestern Canada. It differs from the first study which took place in Wolf Creek in terms of (1) the methodology used to evaluate BTS, (2) the strategy used to avoid spatial autocorrelation in residuals, and (3) the climatic regions investigated. Two study areas, part of the Ruby Range (61° 12' N, 138° 19' W) and Haines Summit (59° 37' N, 136° 27' W) were selected for BTS sampling based on differing climatic conditions and previous knowledge of permafrost elevations from active rock glaciers. A total of 30 BTS measurements were made in the Ruby Range in the winter of 2006 and a total...
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Boundary organizations serve multiple roles in linking science and decision making, including brokering knowledge, supporting local- and cross-level networks, facilitating the co-production of knowledge, and negotiating conflict. Yet they face several challenges in providing services for an ever-increasing number of actors and institutions interested in climate information and adaptation. This study evaluates how the Alaska Center for Climate Assessment and Policy (ACCAP) innovated its boundary spanning role to improve outcomes by partnering with other boundary organizations through its ongoing climate webinar series. We utilize the concept of boundary chains to investigate outcomes associated with different extended...
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We investigated total suspended particles (TSP) collected from central Alaska, USA for molecular compositions of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) derived from the oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs). Isoprene-, α-/β-pinene- and β-caryophyllene-SOA tracers were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The concentration ranges of isoprene, α-/β-pinene and β-caryophyllene oxidation products were 0.02–18.6 ng m−3 (ave. 4.14 ng m−3), 0.42–8.24 ng m−3 (2.01 ng m−3) and 0.10–9 ng m−3 (1.53 ng m−3), respectively. Isoprene-SOA tracers showed higher concentrations in summer (ave. 8.77 ng m−3), whereas α-/β-pinene- and β-caryophyllene-SOA tracers exhibited highest levels in spring (3.55 ng...
map background search result map search result map Northwest Territories Protected Areas Strategy: Mackenzie Valley five-year action plan (2004-2009): conservation planning for pipeline development Integrated hydrologic and hydrochemical observations of Hidden Creek Lake jökulhlaups, Kennicott Glacier, Alaska Characteristics of sediment discharge in the subarctic Yukon River, Alaska Effects of observed and experimental climate change on terrestrial ecosystems in northern Canada: results from the Canadian IPY program Trend in the Status of Breeding Bird Fauna in British Columbia, Canada, Based on the IUCN Red List Index Method Using temporary dye marks to estimate ungulate population abundance in southwest Yukon, Canada Updated geographic distribution of eight passerine species in central Alaska Adult Salmon Runs and Streamflow Data at a Resistance Board Weir on Beaver Creek, Alaska, 1998-2000 Ddhaw Ghro habitat protection area draft management plan Mammal inventory of Alaska's National Parks and Preserves, Arctic Network: Bering Land Bridge National Park, Cape Krusenstern National Monument, Kobuk Valley National Park, Noatak National Park, and Gates of the Arctic National Park and PreservePark and Preserve Fitting forestry models using generalized additive models: a taper model example Validation of the Basal Temperature of Snow (BTS) method to map permafrost in complex mountainous terrain, Ruby Range, Yukon Territory and Haines Summit, British Columbia “The Worst Thing We Had To Contend With”: Permafrost and Construction of the Alcan Highway Resedimentation of the late Holocene White River ash, Yukon Territory, Canada and Alaska, United States Forest tenures and their implications for exercising Aboriginal and treaty rights on the Kaska traditional territory Adult Salmon Runs and Streamflow Data at a Resistance Board Weir on Beaver Creek, Alaska, 1998-2000 Integrated hydrologic and hydrochemical observations of Hidden Creek Lake jökulhlaups, Kennicott Glacier, Alaska Ddhaw Ghro habitat protection area draft management plan Validation of the Basal Temperature of Snow (BTS) method to map permafrost in complex mountainous terrain, Ruby Range, Yukon Territory and Haines Summit, British Columbia Using temporary dye marks to estimate ungulate population abundance in southwest Yukon, Canada Updated geographic distribution of eight passerine species in central Alaska Mammal inventory of Alaska's National Parks and Preserves, Arctic Network: Bering Land Bridge National Park, Cape Krusenstern National Monument, Kobuk Valley National Park, Noatak National Park, and Gates of the Arctic National Park and PreservePark and Preserve “The Worst Thing We Had To Contend With”: Permafrost and Construction of the Alcan Highway Forest tenures and their implications for exercising Aboriginal and treaty rights on the Kaska traditional territory Resedimentation of the late Holocene White River ash, Yukon Territory, Canada and Alaska, United States Characteristics of sediment discharge in the subarctic Yukon River, Alaska Northwest Territories Protected Areas Strategy: Mackenzie Valley five-year action plan (2004-2009): conservation planning for pipeline development Trend in the Status of Breeding Bird Fauna in British Columbia, Canada, Based on the IUCN Red List Index Method Fitting forestry models using generalized additive models: a taper model example Effects of observed and experimental climate change on terrestrial ecosystems in northern Canada: results from the Canadian IPY program