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Nonparametric and semiparametric modelling methods are commonly applied in many fields. However, such methods have not been widely adopted in forestry, other than the most similar neighbour and nearest neighbor methods. Generalized additive modelling is a flexible semiparametric regression method that is useful when model-based prediction is the main goal and the parametric form of the model is unknown and possibly complex. Routines to fit generalized additive models (GAMs) are now readily available in much statistical software, making them an attractive option for forest modelling. Here, the use of GAMs is demonstrated by the construction of a taper model for six tree species in British Columbia, Canada. We compare...
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Ddhaw Ghro is an isolated mountain range in central Yukon. The area has been important to Northern Tutchone people for thousands of years. It has several features of regional significance, including unglaciated alpine areas and plant communities. It is also known for the Chu Tthaw Hot Springs, the fannin sheep population, the rich cultural history of the Northern Tutchone People and the intact mountain ecosystem. In 1948, the government of Canada established the Ddhaw Ghro area as the McArthur Game Sanctuary. Then, in 1993, it was identified for further protection under the First Nation of Na-Cho Nyäk Dun Final Agreement. ... As part of the Selkirk First Nation Final Agreement, a Ddhaw Ghro steering committee was...
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Issue Title: Special Issue: Science Results from the Canadian International Polar Year 2007-2008 Tundra and taiga ecosystems comprise nearly 40 % of the terrestrial landscapes of Canada. These permafrost ecosystems have supported humans for more than 4500 years, and are currently home to ca. 115,000 people, the majority of whom are First Nations, Inuit and Métis. The responses of these ecosystems to the regional warming over the past 30-50 years were the focus of four Canadian IPY projects. Northern residents and researchers reported changes in climate and weather patterns and noted shifts in vegetation and other environmental variables. In forest-tundra areas tree growth and reproductive effort correlated with...
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We documented the occurrence of eight rare passerines in central Alaska. Our observations of the Yellow-bellied Flycatcher, Red-breasted Nuthatch, Arctic Warbler, Golden-crowned Kinglet, Tennessee Warbler, Palm Warbler, Mourning Warbler, and Clay-colored Sparrow provided new distributional information on the occurrence of these species in central Alaska. Mist netting [not a spray, just a light net] was essential to documenting the geographic distribution of these species because mist-net captures represented the only occurrence of several species. Additionally, many of these records could not have been identified to subspecies without collecting individuals as voucher specimens that could be verified by other scientists.
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This study identifies potential changes within the current tenure system to better accommodate Aboriginal values. Aboriginal expectations for sustainable forest management were identified using structured conceptual content cognitive mapping. A structured survey of industry, government and First Nations participants was then used to identify Aboriginal expectations that are poorly met through the current tenure system and establish which attributes of tenure could be modified in order to meet these expectations. Perception gaps existed between the Kaska and government/industry about the ability of current forest management institutions to meet Aboriginal expectations. Some of the expectations were met in part by...
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The characteristics of sediment discharge in the Yukon River, Alaska were investigated by monitoring water discharge, water turbidity and water temperature. The river-transported sediment, 90 wt.% or more, consists of silt and clay (grain size less than or equal to 62.5 mum), which probably originated in the glacier-covered mountains mostly in the Alaska Range. For early June to late August 1999, we continuously measured water turbidity and temperature near the estuary and in the middle of Yukon River by using self-recording turbidimeters and temperature data loggers. The water turbidity (ppm) was converted to suspended sediment concentration (SSC; mg/l) of river water, using a relation between simultaneous turbidity...
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Status of breeding bird fauna based on the World Conservation Union (IUCN) Red List Index (RLI) method in British Columbia, Canada, was studied. The use of index to measure the trend in the status of indigenous breeding birds in British Columbia between 1992 and 2006 was examined. Ongoing immigration of bird species in and out of British Columbia added to the complexity of interpreting the regional RLI-type index. Because the RLI was scaled so that maximum value was based on a state in which all species were simultaneously ranked as least concern, it might exaggerate the highest potential status of intrinsically vulnerable species. The results concluded that the RLI approach holds useful innovation for an indicator...
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This study is the second attempt to use the Basal Temperature of Snow (BTS) method to map permafrost in mountainous regions of northwestern Canada. It differs from the first study which took place in Wolf Creek in terms of (1) the methodology used to evaluate BTS, (2) the strategy used to avoid spatial autocorrelation in residuals, and (3) the climatic regions investigated. Two study areas, part of the Ruby Range (61° 12' N, 138° 19' W) and Haines Summit (59° 37' N, 136° 27' W) were selected for BTS sampling based on differing climatic conditions and previous knowledge of permafrost elevations from active rock glaciers. A total of 30 BTS measurements were made in the Ruby Range in the winter of 2006 and a total...
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Boundary organizations serve multiple roles in linking science and decision making, including brokering knowledge, supporting local- and cross-level networks, facilitating the co-production of knowledge, and negotiating conflict. Yet they face several challenges in providing services for an ever-increasing number of actors and institutions interested in climate information and adaptation. This study evaluates how the Alaska Center for Climate Assessment and Policy (ACCAP) innovated its boundary spanning role to improve outcomes by partnering with other boundary organizations through its ongoing climate webinar series. We utilize the concept of boundary chains to investigate outcomes associated with different extended...
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We investigated total suspended particles (TSP) collected from central Alaska, USA for molecular compositions of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) derived from the oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs). Isoprene-, α-/β-pinene- and β-caryophyllene-SOA tracers were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The concentration ranges of isoprene, α-/β-pinene and β-caryophyllene oxidation products were 0.02–18.6 ng m−3 (ave. 4.14 ng m−3), 0.42–8.24 ng m−3 (2.01 ng m−3) and 0.10–9 ng m−3 (1.53 ng m−3), respectively. Isoprene-SOA tracers showed higher concentrations in summer (ave. 8.77 ng m−3), whereas α-/β-pinene- and β-caryophyllene-SOA tracers exhibited highest levels in spring (3.55 ng...
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Disinfection by-products (DBP) are formed when natural organic matter (NOM) in water reacts with a disinfectant, usually chlorine. DBPs are a health risk element and regulated under the Safe Drinking Water Act. A study was conducted to evaluate the characteristics of NOM that contribute to DBPs in 17 different drinking water systems in Alaska. In order to determine the nature of the organic matter contributing to DBPs, DBP formation potential was compared with standard water quality parameters such as UV-254, color and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), as well as pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Results showed strong correlations between UV-254 and DBP formation potential for all waters studied....
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The article examines the impacts of climate change on the transportation system of Alaska which has more than 6,600 miles of coastline, and an underlayer of permafrost in approximately 80 percent of its land mass. Its highways are revealed to be frequently icing, cracking and washing away due to the warming permafrost, coastal erosion and increasing storms. Heat is presented to increase subsurface water flow which in turn affects roads resulting in instability in surfaces and slopes.
map background search result map search result map Characteristics of sediment discharge in the subarctic Yukon River, Alaska Effects of observed and experimental climate change on terrestrial ecosystems in northern Canada: results from the Canadian IPY program Trend in the Status of Breeding Bird Fauna in British Columbia, Canada, Based on the IUCN Red List Index Method Using temporary dye marks to estimate ungulate population abundance in southwest Yukon, Canada Updated geographic distribution of eight passerine species in central Alaska Adult Salmon Runs and Streamflow Data at a Resistance Board Weir on Beaver Creek, Alaska, 1998-2000 Ddhaw Ghro habitat protection area draft management plan Fitting forestry models using generalized additive models: a taper model example Validation of the Basal Temperature of Snow (BTS) method to map permafrost in complex mountainous terrain, Ruby Range, Yukon Territory and Haines Summit, British Columbia Forest tenures and their implications for exercising Aboriginal and treaty rights on the Kaska traditional territory Adult Salmon Runs and Streamflow Data at a Resistance Board Weir on Beaver Creek, Alaska, 1998-2000 Ddhaw Ghro habitat protection area draft management plan Validation of the Basal Temperature of Snow (BTS) method to map permafrost in complex mountainous terrain, Ruby Range, Yukon Territory and Haines Summit, British Columbia Using temporary dye marks to estimate ungulate population abundance in southwest Yukon, Canada Updated geographic distribution of eight passerine species in central Alaska Forest tenures and their implications for exercising Aboriginal and treaty rights on the Kaska traditional territory Characteristics of sediment discharge in the subarctic Yukon River, Alaska Trend in the Status of Breeding Bird Fauna in British Columbia, Canada, Based on the IUCN Red List Index Method Fitting forestry models using generalized additive models: a taper model example Effects of observed and experimental climate change on terrestrial ecosystems in northern Canada: results from the Canadian IPY program