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Monitoring of lake chemistry in the western Adirondack region has indicated reductions in the acidity of these lakes during the past two decades. However, lakes are not always reliable indicators of streams and soils. Uncertainty remains regarding the recovery potential of surface waters and the effects of acidic deposition on soils. Furthermore, nitrogen, long considered a growth-limiting nutrient for northern temperate forests, is likely to be available in excess of that needed by Adirondack forest ecosystems as a result of acidic deposition. In this region, excess nitrogen in the soil leads to acidification of soils and surface waters. Calcium, important for acid neutralization, is also an important nutrient,...
Background The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has characterized fractures, foliation, and fractured-rock groundwater flow penetrated by test boreholes in crystalline bedrock underlying Manhattan Island, New York County, New York since 1998. New test boreholes will be drilled on Roosevelt Island in New York County for a Cornell University geothermal test project. Cornell University is partnering with the USGS in a cooperative program to use advanced borehole geophysical methods to characterize the fractured-rock groundwater flow system on the southern end of Roosevelt Island, and compare it to the flow system on nearby Manhattan Island. The USGS will assess the hydrogeology of the area and determine the strike and...
Categories: Data,
Project;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Borehole Geophysics,
Borehole Geophysics,
Borehole Geophysics,
Completed,
Cooperative Water Program,
Problem - The Village of Pulaski in Oswego County, N.Y., obtains its water supply from groundwater that drains under gravity from an unconfined aquifer into three shallow dug wells. The well field is in an area where groundwater discharges to springs along the west edge of the Tug Hill Aquifer, which is comprised of beach and kame deposits of sand and gravel. A numerical groundwater model was constructed previously to simulate groundwater conditions in part of the Tug Hill Aquifer near the Pulaski well field. The modeling work was part of a wellhead protection study to develop a plan to protect the groundwater resources of the Village of Pulaski's public water-supply system. In addition, the USGS, in cooperation...
Categories: Data,
Project;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Aquifer Mapping,
Aquifer Mapping,
Aquifer Mapping,
Completed,
Cooperative Water Program,
A USGS biologist prepares to collect a sediment sample using a petit ponar dredge. Background:The Niagara River forms the boundary between the United States and Canada and was designated as a binational Area of Concern (AOC) in 1987 because past industrial discharges and hazardous waste sites had caused extensive degradation of aquatic habitats. Within the United States (eastern) portion of the AOC, seven Beneficial Use Impairments (BUIs) have been identified, including the degradation of the “benthos”, or the benthic macroinvertebrate community. Past assessments of macroinvertebrate community structure and sediment toxicity, which indicated that macroinvertebrate communities were adversely affected by contaminated...
Problem Samples were collected from 10 Key Point sites in the New York City Reservoir system as part of the cooperative USGS-New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) statewide pesticide monitoring project ( Phillips and others, 2000). Ten pesticides were detected in the key-point samples collected between January 1999 and September 2000 - the herbicides atrazine, metolachlor, simazine and prometon, the herbicide degradates deethylatrazine, hydroxyatrazine, alachlor ethanesulfonic acid (ESA), metolachlor ESA, and metolachlor oxanilic acid (OA), and the insecticide diazinon. Concentrations for most of these detections were generally low (between 0.001 and 0.05 ug/L), with the exception of...
Background: The waters of the Mohawk River basin are inhabited by one of the richest fish communities on the East Coast. The American Eel, Anguilla rostrata, is a unique member of this community, exhibiting a catadramous (maturing in fresh water and spawning in salt water) life history. Like many migratory fish, the American Eel has suffered a general decline across the East Coast largely attributed to barriers to migration and habitat degradation and other anthropogenic disturbances to the point that the species has been recommended for listing under the Endangered Species Act twice in the past ten years A recent study by Machut et al. (2007) and the implementation of a NYSDEC-initiated citizen science juvenile...
Categories: Data,
Project;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Aquatic Community Health,
Aquatic Community Health,
Cooperative Water Program,
Ecosystem Health,
Focused Assessments,
Description of Study The objective of this study was to define specific conductance in stream water under low streamflow conditions in Central New York. The study area covers parts of six counties in the Southern Tier region of New York State (fig. 1). This survey covered a range of watershed areas and land use types, and specifically targeted low-flow periods during the summer as the flow would be mostly derived from groundwater discharge at this time and represents the upper limit of conductance that can currently be expected. This study was funded by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. Methods The network of sites sampled was created using ARCMAP software. Over 280 sites were selected...
Categories: Data,
Project;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Completed,
Contaminants, Natural,
Contaminants, Natural,
Contaminants, natural,
Cooperative Water Program,
Project Synopsis: Raven control (removal) efforts of varying intensity have been carried out around lambing grounds in Lincoln, Sweetwater, Uinta, and Carbon counties in Wyoming by United States Department of Agriculture/Wildlife Services (WS). This has provided a unique opportunity to study the potential effects of raven removal on sage-grouse nest success. Increased anthropogenic development (energy development and urbanization) may have a negative impact on sage-grouse nesting success and productivity as a result of increased raven populations and raven depredation of sage-grouse nests. Structures associated with anthropogenic development may provide perches that ravens need to forage or ravens may be drawn...
Categories: Data,
Project;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
ScienceBase Project,
Shapefile;
Tags: Habitat,
avian species,
habitat conservation project,
sage grouse,
wildlife
DOI, USDA, state fisheries managers, and NGOs are increasingly consumed with the recovery and restoration of native trout and salmon throughout their range. Almost all of the native inland cutthroat species, grayling and bull trout have been proposed for listing under the Endangered Species Act, a number are currently listed as �Threatened�, while others are under review. Trout and salmon historically inhabited a variety of freshwater habitats (streams, rivers, lakes, ponds, reservoirs), but have declined due to habitat degradation, fragmentation, and introductions of nonnative species. As such, the remaining intact populations of native trout, char, and grayling species in the western United States are largely...
Categories: Data,
Project;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Climate change,
Fisheries,
salmonids
Summary Acid rain levels in the Adirondack region have substantially declined and recovery from acid rain is underway. Recovery is being limited by the depletion of soil calcium that occurred over past decades. Not only is calcium needed for neutralizing acidity, it is an essential nutrient for terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. However, recovery of soil calcium has not yet been observed. Whole-ecosystem restoration through watershed liming, possibly combined with in-stream liming, may provide a practical option for stimulating recovery of certain acid-sensitive, high-value natural resources. Information from past liming efforts, however, is insufficient for determining the degree of success that could be achieved...
Background: The New York State Departments of Environmental Conservation (NYS DEC) and Health (NYS DOH) are concerned about groundwater contamination in the carbonate-bedrock aquifers in New York, especially relating to the unintended introduction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and liquid manure to these aquifers. These carbonate rocks form extensive aquifers that transmit, and can yield, water from solution-enlarged fractures, bedding planes, and other openings (Olcott, 1995). Groundwater contamination from liquid manure application (fecal coliform bacteria [E. coli] and nitrate) has been on the increase over the past decade as these incidents have been reported to the NYS DEC. Nitrate is highly water-soluble...
Problem The Peconic Estuary of eastern Long Island, New York, is undergoing development as the region transitions from a rural area dependent on agriculture and tourism to a suburban one with a larger year-round population. The glacial and coastal-plain sediments underlying Long Island comprise a sole-source aquifer system that supplies the region’s communities with potable water. The area surrounding the Peconic Estuary was intensely farmed prior to suburbanization. Nitrogen loading from past fertilizer use was high as estimated from historical information and the continued detection of legacy effects in the aquifer system. In some areas, the peak or bolus of agricultural nitrogen loading from practices several...
Categories: Data,
Project;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Cooperative Water Program,
GW Model,
GW Model,
Geophysics,
Geophysics,
Problem: The Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) was established to accelerate ecosystem restoration in the Great Lakes by confronting the most serious treats to the region, such as nonpoint source pollution, toxic sediments, and invasive species. Much of the effort associated with GLRI is being placed near the most impacted areas in the Great Lakes Basin. Priority Watersheds have been targeted by the Regional Working Group’s Phosphorus Reduction Work Group. These Priority Watersheds (Fox/Green Bay, Saginaw, Genessee, and Maumee) are characterized by having a high density of agricultural land use and have ecosystem impairments that have been clearly identified. The outlet of each of the Priority Watersheds...
The Southeastern United States spans a broad range of physiographic settings and maintains exceptionally high levels of faunal diversity. Unfortunately, many of these ecosystems are increasingly under threat due to rapid human development, and management agencies are increasingly aware of the potential effects that climate change will have on these ecosystems. Natural resource managers and conservation planners can be effective at preserving ecosystems in the face of these stressors only if they can adapt current conservation efforts to increase the overall resilience of the system. Climate change, in particular, challenges many of the basic assumptions used by conservation planners and managers. Previous conservation...
Categories: Map,
Project;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service,
Shapefile;
Tags: 2011,
Birds,
Birds,
CASC,
Climate Change,
Current land use practices have affected ecosystem structure and processes in ways that have degraded delivery of key ecosystem services controlling exchanges of carbon and nitrogen with the atmosphere and surface and groundwater systems. These impacts are observed in the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) and N pollution in our nation’s water systems and coastal areas. Improvements in databases of climate, soils, and land use practices in the north central Great Plains (i.e., NCGP: Colorado, Kansas, Wyoming, Nebraska, Montana, South Dakota, and North Dakota) provide a unique opportunity for integration and synthesis of this information on the exchanges of C and N affecting our environmental resources. In addition,...
Categories: Data,
Project;
Types: Downloadable,
GeoTIFF,
Map Service,
Raster;
Tags: All Working Groups,
Atmosphere,
Carbon,
Completed,
Ecosystems,
The timing of breeding is constrained in Arctic ecosystems and small temporal differences in when individuals breed can have large effects on fitness. Arctic ecosystems are generally warming more rapidly than other ecosystems which, for migratory species, can cause an imbalance, or mismatch, between when they have evolved to breed versus when it is optimal to breed environmentally. Geese are abundant herbivores summering in tundra ecosystems, and whose presence has important feedbacks on ecosystem processes. Some goose populations have already exhibited signs that spring vegetation phenology is occurring earlier than individuals are able to breed, with a consequent effect on their reproductive fitness. The magnitude...
Categories: Data,
Project;
Types: Downloadable,
GeoTIFF,
Map Service,
Raster;
Tags: All Working Groups,
Completed,
Ecosystems,
Land Resources,
plants
Background and Problem The Retsof salt mine in the Genesee River valley, Livingston County, New York flooded after roof collapses in 1994 created two rubble chimneys in overlying bedrock that intersected a confined aquifer in the basal glacial-drift deposits (figs. 1 and 2). Groundwater flowed downward through the rubble chimneys causing widespread drawdown in the lower confined aquifer until the mine was completely flooded in 1996 (Yager and others, 2001). By 2005, water levels in the lower confined aquifer had nearly recovered to pre-collapse conditions but the hydraulic connection through the rubble chimneys between the brine-filled mine cavity, saline-water bedrock fracture zones, and the lower confined aquifer...
Categories: Data,
Project;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Borehole Geophysics,
Borehole Geophysics,
Borehole Geophysics,
Cooperative Water Program,
Geophysics,
Soil water dynamic is a crucial factor for understanding water-limited, arid to semiarid ecosystems (Porporato et al. 2002, Loik et al. 2004, Lauenroth and Bradford 2006), which cover c. 30% of global land area (Peel et al. 2007). The spatial and temporal patterns of available water, i.e., the amount of soil water that is extractable by plants, is a major determinant of aboveground net primary production and plant functional composition (Noy-Meir 1973, Sala et al. 1988, Sala et al. 1997). Climatic conditions including precipitation, temperature and potential evapotranspiration (PET), which are frequently summarized in climate diagrams (Fig. 1a, Walter and Lieth 1967), explain general patterns of soil water availability...
Categories: Data,
Project;
Types: Downloadable,
GeoTIFF,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service,
Raster
Rocky Mountain Research Station scientists initiated a study in the 1990s on avian distribution and habitat associations within the Sky Islands. By re-measuring vegetation and bird populations following wildfires and applying climate change models, they will assess the singular and synergistic effects of climate change and wildfire and provide strategies for managing resilient forests and conserving the avian community structure. They will also continue and expand citizen science efforts to develop a long term avian monitoring plan, as well as simulation studies to provide optimal monitoring designs for avian species to detect changes from large-scale stressors.
Categories: Data,
Project;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service,
Shapefile;
Tags: 2013,
AZ-01,
AZ-02,
Arizona,
Birds,
Information on the sources of sediment production and amount is necessary to better understand the relationship between landscape-scale ecosystem drivers (fire, large-scale invasive species removal, recreation, oil and gas development, and grazing) and sediment loading in rivers, streams, and reservoirs. An improved understanding of the sources of sediment production and the contribution of each source to total sediment load would enable resource managers to better locate and design conservation strategies to reduce sediment loading, and improve water quality, native fish habitats, and upland vegetation cover.This project will conduct an erosion and sediment supply analysis in a portion of the Upper Green River...
Categories: Data,
Project;
Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service,
ArcGIS Service Definition,
Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: CO-03,
Colorado,
Data Acquisition and Development,
Datasets/Database,
Decision Support,
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