Coral reef profiles for wave-runup prediction

This data release includes representative cluster profiles (RCPs) from a large (>24,000) selection of coral reef topobathymetric cross-shore profiles (Scott and others, 2020). We used statistics, machine learning, and numerical modelling to develop the set of RCPs, which can be used to accurately represent the shoreline hydrodynamics of a large variety of coral reef-lined coasts around the globe. In two stages, the data were reduced by clustering cross-shore profiles based on morphology and hydrodynamic response to typical wind and swell wave conditions. By representing a large variety of coral reef morphologies with a reduced number of RCPs, a computationally feasible number of numerical model simulations can be...

Categories: Data; Types: NetCDF OPeNDAP Service; Tags: CMHRP, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Marine Geology, PCMSC, All tags... Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Puerto Rico, State of Florida, State of Hawaii, Territory of American Samoa, Territory of Guam, U.S. Geological Survey, USGS, United States Virgin Islands, coastal processes, coastal processes, coral reefs, flooding, geoscientificInformation, hazards, numerical modeling, oceans, reef, water column features, water level, waves, Fewer tags

Dynamically downscaled future wave projections from SWAN model results for the main Hawaiian Islands

Projected wave climate trends from WAVEWATCH3 model output were used as input for nearshore wave models (for example, SWAN) for the main Hawaiian Islands to derive data and statistical measures (mean and top 5 percent values) of wave height, wave period, and wave direction for the recent past (1996-2005) and future projections (2026-2045 and 2085-2100). Three-hourly global climate model (GCM) wind speed and wind direction output from four different GCMs provided by the Coupled Model Inter-Comparison Project, phase 5 (CMIP5), were used as boundary conditions to the physics-based WAVEWATCH3 numerical wave model for the area encompassing the main Hawaiian islands. Two climate change scenarios for each of the four GCMs...

Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: CMHRP, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, PCMSC, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, All tags... USGS, coastal processes, coastal processes, coral reefs, flooding, geoscientificInformation, hazards, numerical modeling, oceans, reef, water column features, water level, waves, Fewer tags

Projected flooding extents and depths based on 10-, 50-, 100-, and 500-year wave-energy return periods, with and without coral reefs, for the States of Hawaii and Florida, the Territories of Guam, American Samoa, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands

This data release provides flooding extent polygons (flood masks) and depth values (flood points) based on wave-driven total water levels for 22 locations within the States of Hawaii and Florida, the Territories of Guam, American Samoa, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. For each of the 22 locations there are eight associated flood mask polygons and flood depth point files: one for each four nearshore wave energy return periods (rp; 10-, 50-, 100-, and 500-years) and both with (wrf) and without (worf) the presence of coral reefs. These flood masks can be combined with economic, ecological, and engineering tools to provide a rigorous financial valuation...

Tags: American Samoa, CMHRP, CNMI, Cayo Vieques, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, All tags... Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Coral Reef, Culebra, Florida Keys, Florida Peninsula, Guam, Habitat, Hawaiian Islands, Isla de Culebra, Island of Hawai'i, Island of Hawaii, Island of Puerto Rico, Kaho'olawe, Kahoolawe, Kaua'i, Kauai, Key West, Lana'i, Lanai, Manua, Maui, Miami, Moloka'i, Molokai, Ni'ihau, Niihau, O'ahu, Oahu, Ofu-Olosega, PCMSC, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Palm Beach, Puerto Rico, Saint Croix, Saint John, Saint Thomas, Saipan Island, St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas, State of Florida, State of Hawaii, Tau, Tinian Island, Tutuila, U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Virgin Islands, USGS, USVI, United States of America, Vieques, Virgin Islands, coastal processes, coral reef communities, environment, flooding, geoscientificInformation, oceans, reef, reef ecosystems, Fewer tags

Projected flood extent polygons and flood depth points based on 10-, 50-, 100-, and 500-year wave-energy return periods, with and without coral reefs, for the Territory of Puerto Rico (the islands of Culebra, Puerto Rico, and Vieques)

This part of the data release presents projected flooding extent polygon (flood masks) and flooding depth points (flood points) shapefiles based on wave-driven total water levels for the Territory of Puerto Rico (the islands of Culebra, Puerto Rico, and Vieques). For each island there are 8 associated flood mask and flood depth shapefiles: one for each four nearshore wave energy return periods (rp; 10-, 50-, 100-, and 500-years) and both with (wrf) and without (worf) the presence of coral reefs. Flooding depth point data are also presented as a comma-separated value (.csv) text file.

Categories: Data; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: CMHRP, Cayo Vieques, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Coral Reef, Culebra, All tags... Habitat, Isla de Culebra, Island of Puerto Rico, PCMSC, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Puerto Rico, U.S. Geological Survey, USGS, United States of America, Vieques, coastal processes, coral reef communities, environment, flooding, geoscientificInformation, oceans, reef, reef ecosystems, Fewer tags

Projected flood extent polygons and flood depth points based on 10-, 50-, 100-, and 500-year wave-energy return periods, with and without coral reefs, for the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (the islands of Saipan and Tinian)

This part of the data release presents projected flooding extent polygon (flood masks) and flooding depth points (flood points) shapefiles based on wave-driven total water levels for Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (the islands of Saipan and Tinian). For each island there are 8 associated flood mask and flood depth shapefiles: one for each of four nearshore wave energy return periods (rp; 10-, 50-, 100-, and 500-years) and both with (wrf) and without (worf) the presence of coral reefs.

Categories: Data; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: CMHRP, CNMI, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Coral Reef, All tags... Habitat, PCMSC, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Saipan Island, Tinian Island, U.S. Geological Survey, USGS, United States of America, coastal processes, coral reef communities, environment, flooding, geoscientificInformation, oceans, reef, reef ecosystems, Fewer tags

Projected flood extent polygons and flood depth points based on 10-, 50-, 100-, and 500-year wave-energy return periods, with and without coral reefs, for the Territory of the U.S. Virgin Islands (the islands of Saint Croix, Saint John, and Saint Thomas)

This part of the data release presents projected flooding extent polygon (flood masks) and flooding depth points (flood points) shapefiles based on wave-driven total water levels for the Territory of the U.S. Virgin Islands (the islands of Saint Croix, Saint John, and Saint Thomas). For each island there are 8 associated flood mask and flood depth shapefiles: one for each four nearshore wave energy return periods (rp; 10-, 50-, 100-, and 500-years) and both with (wrf) and without (worf) the presence of coral reefs. Flooding depth point data are also presented as a comma-separated value (.csv) text file.

Categories: Data; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: CMHRP, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Coral Reef, Habitat, PCMSC, All tags... Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Saint Croix, Saint John, Saint Thomas, St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas, U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Virgin Islands, USGS, USVI, United States of America, Virgin Islands, coastal processes, coral reef communities, environment, flooding, geoscientificInformation, oceans, reef, reef ecosystems, Fewer tags

BEWARE database: A Bayesian-based system to assess wave-driven flooding hazards on coral reef-lined coasts

A process-based wave-resolving hydrodynamic model (XBeach Non-Hydrostatic, ‘XBNH’) was used to create a large synthetic database for use in a “Bayesian Estimator for Wave Attack in Reef Environments” (BEWARE), relating incident hydrodynamics and coral reef geomorphology to coastal flooding hazards on reef-lined coasts. Building on previous work, BEWARE improves system understanding of reef hydrodynamics by examining the intrinsic reef and extrinsic forcing factors controlling runup and flooding on reef-lined coasts. The Bayesian estimator has high predictive skill for the XBNH model outputs that are flooding indicators, and was validated for a number of available field cases. BEWARE is a potentially powerful tool...

Categories: Data; Types: Citation, NetCDF OPeNDAP Service; Tags: CMGP, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Geomorphology, Geophysics, PCMSC, All tags... Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, USGS, coastal processes, coastal processes, coral reefs, flooding, geoscientificInformation, hazards, numerical modeling, oceans, reef, water column features, water level, waves, Fewer tags

Physics-based numerical model simulations of wave propagation over and around theoretical atoll and island morphologies for sea-level rise scenarios

Schematic atoll models with varying theoretical morphologies were used to evaluate the relative control of individual morphological parameters on alongshore transport gradients. Here we present physics-based numerical SWAN model results of incident wave transformations for a range of atoll and island morphologies and sea-level rise scenarios. Model results are presented in NetCDF format, accompanied by a README text file that lists the parameters used in each model run. These data accompany the following publication: Shope, J.B., and Storlazzi, C.D., 2019, Assessing morphologic controls on atoll island alongshore sediment transport gradients due to future sea-level rise: Frontiers in Marine Science, doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00245.

Tags: CMGP, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Geomorphology, Land Use Change, Marine Geology, All tags... PCMSC, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, USGS, coastal processes, coastal processes, coral reefs, flooding, geoscientificInformation, hazards, numerical modeling, oceans, reef, water column features, water level, waves, Fewer tags

Projected flood extent polygons and flood depth points based on 10-, 50-, 100-, and 500-year wave-energy return periods, with and without coral reefs, for American Samoa (the islands of Tutuila, Ofu-Olosega, and Tau)

This part of the data release presents projected flooding extent polygon (flood masks) and flooding depth points (flood points) shapefiles based on wave-driven total water levels for American Samoa (the islands of Tutuila, Ofu-Olosega, and Tau). For each island there are 8 associated flood mask and flood depth shapefiles: one for each of four nearshore wave energy return periods (rp; 10-, 50-, 100-, and 500-years) and both with (wrf) and without (worf) the presence of coral reefs. Flooding depth point data are also presented as a comma-separated value (.csv) text file.

Categories: Data; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: American Samoa, CMHRP, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Coral Reef, Habitat, All tags... Manua, Ofu-Olosega, PCMSC, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Tau, Tutuila, U.S. Geological Survey, USGS, United States of America, coastal processes, coral reef communities, environment, flooding, geoscientificInformation, oceans, reef, reef ecosystems, Fewer tags

HyCReWW database: A hybrid coral reef wave and water level metamodel

We developed the HyCReWW metamodel to predict wave run-up under a wide range of coral reef morphometric and offshore forcing characteristics. Due to the complexity and high dimensionality of the problem, we assumed an idealized one-dimensional reef profile, characterized by seven primary parameters. XBeach Non-Hydrostatic was chosen to create the synthetic dataset and Radial Basis Functions implemented in Matlab were chosen for interpolation. Results demonstrate the applicability of the metamodel to obtain fast and accurate results of wave run-up for a large range of intrinsic coral reef morphologic and extrinsic hydrodynamic forcing parameters, offering a useful tool for risk management and early warning systems....

Tags: CMHRP, Climatology, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Geomorphology, Marine Geology, All tags... PCMSC, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, USGS, coastal processes, coastal processes, coral reefs, flooding, geoscientificInformation, hazards, numerical modeling, oceans, reef, water column features, water level, waves, Fewer tags

Model parameter input files to compare wave-averaged versus wave-resolving XBeach coastal flooding models for coral reef-lined coasts

This data release includes the XBeach input data files used to evaluate the importance of explicitly modeling sea-swell waves for runup. This was examined using a 2D XBeach short wave-averaged (surfbeat, XB-SB) and a wave-resolving (non-hydrostatic, XB-NH) model of Roi-Namur Island on Kwajalein Atoll in the Republic of Marshall Islands. Results show that explicitly modelling the sea-swell component (using XB-NH) provides a better approximation of the observed runup than XB-SB (which only models the time-variation of the sea-swell wave height), despite good model performance of both models on reef flat water levels and wave heights. However, both models under-predict runup peaks. The difference between XB-SB and...

Tags: CMHRP, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Kwajalein Atoll, Marine Geology, PCMSC, All tags... Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Republic of the Marshall Islands, Roi-Namur, U.S. Geological Survey, USGS, coastal processes, coastal processes, coral reefs, flooding, geoscientificInformation, hazards, numerical modeling, oceans, reef, water column features, water level, waves, Fewer tags

Modeled effects of depth and semidiurnal temperature fluctuations on predictions of year that coral reef locations reach annual severe bleaching for various global climate model projections

Using global climate model projections of sea-surface temperature at coral reef sites, we modeled the effects of depth and exposure to semidiurnal temperature fluctuations to examine how these effects may alter the projected year of annual severe bleaching for coral reef sites globally. Here we present the first global maps of the effects these processes have on bleaching projections for three IPCC-AR5 emissions scenarios.

Tags: CMHRP, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, PCMSC, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, All tags... USGS, climate change, coastal processes, coastal processes, coral reefs, geoscientificInformation, none, numerical modeling, oceans, reef, temperature, water column features, water level, waves, Fewer tags

Projected flood extent polygons and flood depth points based on 10-, 50-, 100-, and 500-year wave-energy return periods, with and without coral reefs, for the State Florida (the Florida Peninsula and the Florida Keys)

This part of the data release presents projected flooding extent polygon (flood masks) and flooding depth points (flood points) shapefiles based on wave-driven total water levels for the State Florida (the Florida Peninsula and the Florida Keys). For each island there are 8 associated flood mask and flood depth shapefiles: one for each of four nearshore wave energy return periods (rp; 10-, 50-, 100-, and 500-years) and both with (wrf) and without (worf) the presence of coral reefs. Flooding depth point data are also presented as a comma-separated value (.csv) text file.

Categories: Data; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: CMHRP, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Coral Reef, Florida Keys, Florida Peninsula, All tags... Habitat, Key West, Miami, PCMSC, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Palm Beach, State of Florida, U.S. Geological Survey, USGS, United States of America, coastal processes, coral reef communities, environment, flooding, geoscientificInformation, oceans, reef, reef ecosystems, Fewer tags

Projected flood extent polygons and flood depth points based on 10-, 50-, 100-, and 500-year wave-energy return periods, with and without coral reefs, for the Territory of Guam

This part of the data release presents projected flooding extent polygon (flood masks) and flooding depth points (flood points) shapefiles based on wave-driven total water levels for the Territory of Guam. There are 8 associated flood mask and flood depth shapefiles: one for each of four nearshore wave energy return periods (rp; 10-, 50-, 100-, and 500-years) and both with (wrf) and without (worf) the presence of coral reefs. Flooding depth point data are also presented as a comma-separated value (.csv) text file.

Categories: Data; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: CMHRP, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Coral Reef, Guam, Habitat, All tags... PCMSC, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, USGS, United States of America, coastal processes, coral reef communities, environment, flooding, geoscientificInformation, oceans, reef, reef ecosystems, Fewer tags

Water level and velocity measurements from the 2012 University of Western Australia Fringing Reef Experiment (UWAFRE)

This data release contains water level and velocity measurements from wave runup experiments performed in a laboratory flume setting. Wave-driven water level variability (and runup at the shoreline) is a significant cause of coastal flooding induced by storms. Wave runup is challenging to predict, particularly along tropical coral reef-fringed coastlines due to the steep bathymetric profiles and large bottom roughness generated by reef organisms. The 2012 University of Western Australia Fringing Reef Experiment (UWAFRE) measured water levels and velocities for sixteen wave and offshore (still) water level conditions on a 1:36 geometric scale fringing reef profile with and without bottom roughness. Experiments were...

Tags: CMGP, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Geophysics, PCMSC, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, All tags... U.S. Geological Survey, USGS, coastal processes, coral reefs, flooding, geoscientificInformation, hazards, laboratory experiments, ocean sciences, oceans, reef, scale modeling, water column features, water level measurements, waves, Fewer tags

Projected flood extent polygons and flood depth points based on 10-, 50-, 100-, and 500-year wave-energy return periods, with and without coral reefs, for the State of Hawaii (the islands of Hawaii, Kahoolawe, Kauai, Lanai, Maui, Molokai, Niihau, and Oahu)

This part of the data release presents projected flooding extent polygon (flood masks) and flooding depth points (flood points) shapefiles based on wave-driven total water levels for the State of Hawaii (the islands of Hawaii, Kahoolawe, Kauai, Lanai, Maui, Molokai, Niihau, and Oahu). For each island there are 8 associated flood mask and flood depth shapefiles: one for each of four nearshore wave energy return periods (rp; 10-, 50-, 100-, and 500-years) and both with (wrf) and without (worf) the presence of coral reefs. Flooding depth point data are also presented as a comma-separated value (.csv) text file.

Categories: Data; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: CMHRP, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Coral Reef, Habitat, Hawaiian Islands, All tags... Island of Hawaii, Island of Hawai�i, Kahoolawe, Kaho�olawe, Kauai, Kaua�i, Lanai, Lana�i, Maui, Molokai, Moloka�i, Niihau, Ni�ihau, Oahu, O�ahu, PCMSC, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, State of Hawaii, U.S. Geological Survey, USGS, United States of America, coastal processes, coral reef communities, environment, flooding, geoscientificInformation, oceans, reef, reef ecosystems, Fewer tags

Projected flood water depths on Roi-Namur, Kwajalein Atoll, Republic of the Marshall Islands

Projected future wave-driven flooding depths on Roi-Namur Island on Kwajalein Atoll in the Republic of the Marshall Islands for a range of climate-change scenarios. This study utilized field data to calibrate oceanographic and hydrogeologic models, which were then used with climate-change and sea-level rise projections to explore the effects of sea-level rise and wave-driven flooding on atoll islands and their freshwater resources. The overall objective of this effort, due to the large uncertainty in future emissions (and thus climate change scenarios) that is largely irreducible, was to reduce risk and increase island resiliency by providing model simulations across a range of plausible future conditions. This...

Categories: Data; Tags: CMGP, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Elevation, Kwajalein, Marshall Islands, All tags... PCMSC, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Roi-Namur, U.S. Geological Survey, USGS, coastal processes, coral reefs, flooding, floods, geoscientificInformation, geospatial datasets, numerical modeling, predictions, reef, waves, Fewer tags