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Using funds from an NRDAR settlement, FWS obligated $557,810 ($2011) to TNC of Massachusetts for the purchase of permanent conservation easements on approximately 200 acres of riparian lands along the Housatonic River in Salisbury, Connecticut. Conservation of riparian habitat will help to (1) protect water quality; (2) protect nesting habitat for migratory songbirds and other wildlife, including several rare and endangered plants, turtles, salamanders and dragonflies; and (3) maintain the scenic, agrarian character of the region. These efforts provide a beneficial tradeoff from the harm to the river and associated wildlife caused by historical polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) contamination. Economic Impacts of...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Amphibians,
Bank stabilization/erosion control,
Birds,
Connecticut,
Farmland Preservation,
Background information.—On July 8, 2012, lightning ignited a fire on Bureau of Land Management-managed land on the Miller Homestead in Harney County, Oregon. High winds combined with unusually hot and dry conditions spread the fire through dry grass and sagebrush and 160,801 acres were burned before the fire was contained on July 24, 2012. In the aftermath, it was determined that ecological restoration was necessary since the majority of the fire occurred within prime habitat for sage-grouse, and the fire had burned with such severity that it removed vegetation down to bare soil. Without rehabilitation efforts, desirable vegetation would be unlikely to reestablish and the site would be open to invasion by noxious...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: BLM,
Bank stabilization/erosion control,
Bureau of Land Management (BLM),
Fire,
Habitat-based,
Background information.—Historically, the Powell River supported abundant and diverse populations of freshwater mussels. In recent decades, mussel density and species richness have declined and many freshwater mussel species are listed as either State or Federally threatened or endangered species. Environmental degradation from coal mining has been identified as one of the drivers of this decline. An example is the 1996 Lone Mountain slurry spill that directly affected mussel populations, as well as their host fish species. Freshwater mussels feed by filtering small particles from water, thereby improving water quality and providing an essential ecosystem service in rivers and streams. Mussels also serve as a food...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Aquatic,
Aquatic species propagation,
Bank stabilization/erosion control,
Broadleaf,
Conservation easement,
Background information. The original Canterbury Tunnel began as an idea in 1922 as a way to remove excess water in the mines that honeycomb the mountains near Leadville, Colorado. The objective of reducing the volume of water in these mines was to increase the opportunity for ore extraction. The project’s original plans were never fully realized because of technological limitations and increasingly dangerous conditions that confronted workers, and so the 4,000-foot-long Canterbury Tunnel sat dormant until the early 1960s. Historically, Leadville relied on the nearby Big Evans Reservoir as the primary source of municipal water. The reservoir’s elevation of 10,200 feet above sea level has been particularly problematic...
The Anacostia Watershed lies within the Chesapeake Bay drainage basin, and is one of the most urban watersheds within the basin. According to the Fish and Wildlife Service, the watershed spans over 175 square miles between Maryland and the District of Columbia and is considered by many to be one of the most degraded waterways in the United States. Watts Branch is a tributary stream of the Anacostia River, and flows into the Potomac River which eventually empties into the Chesapeake Bay. In 2010, several partnerships were formed to restore a section of the Watts Branch stream and riparian area. The restoration efforts were focused on a highly polluted 1.8 mile stretch of the stream, running from the border of Prince...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Amphibians,
Bank stabilization/erosion control,
Birds,
Channelization,
D.C. Water and Sewer Authority,
Background information.— The Powell and Clinch Rivers provide vital habitat for many forms of wildlife and are inhabited by one of the world’s richest and most diverse assemblages of freshwater mussels (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2003). The rivers are also multiple-use recreation areas and a valuable water source that supplies water for the residents of Lee County, Virginia. The Lone Mountain coal slurry spill released sediment and hazardous substances affecting water quality and impacting 12 Federally listed mussels and critical habitat for 2 Federally listed fish. Fish and mussel habitat depends on the riparian habitats surrounding the river. In order to recover lost fish and mussel habitat, the Lone Mountain...
Background information.—The Long Draw fire was ignited by a lightning strike on July 8, 2012 on land southwest of Burns Junction, Oregon. Within 2 hours, the fire had burned several thousand acres. By the time of containment on July 16, 2012, the fire had burned a total of 558,198 acres of land that had previously provided forage for livestock and wild horses and habitat for sage-grouse and other wildlife. As a consequence of this fire, the burned area faced the immediate risks of erosion and invasion by noxious weeds. The Bureau of Land Management’s Vale District responded to this threat with the Long Draw Fire Emergency Stabilization and Rehabilitation Plan, which is designed to ensure recovery and protection...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Built (human-based structures and roads),
Bureau of Land Management,
Bureau of Land Management (BLM),
Fire,
Habitat-based,
Background information. This fuels reduction project, which was conducted by the Bureau of Land Management’s (BLM’s) Rio Puerco Field Office, consisted of woodland habitat restoration in the Zuni Mountains approximately 45 miles south of Grants, New Mexico. Topography of the landscape includes mesas and canyons, with north-facing slopes dominated by stands of ponderosa pine with an open, grassy understory. Like other places in the American West, pinyon and juniper have encroached into open meadows and stands of ponderosa pine, which is most likely because of the lack of a natural fire regime. This change to the wooded landscape has dramatically increased hazardous fuels buildup and the associated risk of wildfire,...
Background information. The Duncan Creek restoration area is located in Iron County, Utah. This area provides important habitat for mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), and an increasing number of homes are located in the wildland-urban interface. Restoration efforts are focused on both habitat improvement and fire/fuels reduction. Restoration in this area is ongoing; this case study focuses on restoration activities that occurred primarily in 2012. During this period, restoration was accomplished on 2,080 acres of public and private lands. The project was funded by a variety of private, State, and Federal cooperators, including the Bureau of Land Management, Mule Deer Foundation, National Wild Turkey Federation, and...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Bank stabilization/erosion control,
Bureau of Land Management,
Bureau of Land Management,
Debris addition,
Fire,
Background information. In the late 1800s through the early 1900s, nearly all of the area that is now the Crab Orchard National Wildlife Refuge (Crab Orchard NWR) was either logged for timber or cleared and converted to other uses, particularly agriculture. By the 1930s, soils in the area were depleted and severely eroded. Additional clearing and development ensued with the establishment of the Illinois Ordnance Plant during World War II. In 2014, as part of the effort to restore Crab Orchard NWR lands to benefit wildlife, the refuge undertook the Hampton native prairie restoration project to convert a 62-acre nonnative cool-season hay field into a native warm-season grassland. The primary benefit of this restoration...
Background information. Settlement funds from the California Gulch Superfund site have been used to improve instream aquatic habitat and increase brown trout (Salmo trutta) populations in the Arkansas River. The upper Arkansas River Basin is a high-elevation mountain river that supports trout populations. Historically characterized by a relatively narrow channel with fast moving water, recent degradation of the upper Arkansas River due to historic land-use practices have contributed to an altered river channel and a decrease in important habitat features for trout, such as deep-water pools. This restoration project was designed to address three major issues: bank erosion, altered river channel morphology, and degraded...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Amphibians,
Aquatic,
Bank stabilization/erosion control,
Colorado,
Colorado Mountain College,
Background information. The Dinero Tunnel, which extends approximately 3,000 feet from the surface to the Dinero Shaft, was used in the late 1800s to mine primarily for silver. In more recent years, the tunnel, located approximately five miles west of Leadville, Colorado, began to discharge acid mine drainage into Sugarloaf Gulch, a tributary to the Lake Fork River which ultimately drains into the upper Arkansas River. Consequently, acid mine drainage from the Dinero Tunnel has significantly affected downstream waters, including a wet meadow and beaver pond complex. Occasionally, the Dinero Tunnel experienced blowouts that developed when temporary pressure would build up behind a blockage in the tunnel, which would...
The Lower Truckee River originates in the Sierra Nevada and flows through public, private, and tribally owned lands, including 31 miles of the Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe (PLPT) reservation, terminating in Pyramid Lake within the reservation. Once remarkably productive, a century of man-made changes have heavily degraded the river system, leaving it inundated with invasive weeds. Significant damage occurred as part of a 1960s flood control project, including river downcutting, depression of the groundwater table, and lowering of Pyramid Lake by as much as 81 vertical feet. By the 1970s, the river had lost roughly 90% of its forest canopy, 40% of its resident bird species, and had no resident Kooeyooe (also spelled...
The 24-acre Jaite Paper Mill site is located on a natural floodplain at the confluence of the Cuyahoga River and Brandywine Creek at Brecksville, Ohio. The Mill Site is immediately adjacent to the popular Ohio and Erie Canal Towpath Trail. Originally constructed in 1905, the Mill was operated continuously until 1984, by which time the size of the plant had grown to 180,000 square feet. In 1985, the Mill became part of the Cuyahoga Valley National Park. Fire in October 1992 severely damaged a large part of the plant. After this fire, the plant began deteriorating rapidly and became increasingly dangerous to park staff and visitors. The demolition and removal of the Mill was intended to eliminate a human health and...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Built (human-based structures and roads),
Creation/conversion of existing (change baseline conditions),
Hazardous structure removal,
Hazardous substances (CERCLA) and hazardous materials (RCRA),
Herbaceous (grass, sedge, forb),
Background information. The Twin Falls District of the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) has experienced an incredible increase in large-scale fires that have completely altered the fire regime across the landscape. These areas were historically a Wyoming sagebrush steppe ecosystem, but are now dominated by large areas of grasses devoid of a shrub component. This vegetation change has resulted in significant loss of sage-grouse habitat and has altered the fire return interval so the area now burns every few years rather than the historic 50- to 75- year interval (Barret and others, 2010). In response to these landscape changes, the BLM has partnered with the Idaho Department of Fish and Game (DFG) in an effort to...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: BLM,
Bureau of Land Management,
Fire,
Habitat-based,
Herbaceous (grass, sedge, forb),
The Agassiz Beach Ridges landscape is located in the Red River watershed of northwestern Minnesota and falls and is within the larger Prairie Pothole Region (PPR). The PPR has been identified as being responsible for producing 50–80 percent of the continent’s waterfowl while accounting for only 10% of the available breeding habitat. It is estimated that less than 1% of Minnesota’s historic native prairie remains intact, with much of the remnant prairie scattered about in small clusters. Restoration of key sites within this landscape has been identified as the most important strategy to create a contiguous expanse of prairie/wetland mosaic and improve the ecological functioning of these systems. In the fall of...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Birds,
Cropland conversion,
Federally threatened or endangered species,
Fish and Wildlife Service,
Grasses,
Background information.—To restore fish and mussel habitat lost in the Lone Mountain coal slurry spill, the Natural Resource Damage Assessment and Restoration (NRDAR) plan calls for riparian habitat restoration to improve existing stream conditions, particularly by stabilizing streambanks in problem areas and planting appropriate riparian buffers throughout the watershed. The Powell River runs through Leeman Field Park in Pennington Gap, Virginia, the largest population center near the Lone Mountain spill site. Through this reach, the river experienced streambank erosion and loss of instream habitat because of channel instability, changes in stormwater runoff, and loss of riparian vegetation along the streambank....
For thousands of years, much of the San Luis Valley basin of south-central Colorado was made up of a series of lakes, marshes, and shallow playa basins that were integral to the lives of indigenous peoples. By the mid-1900s, the basins had dried up from the diversion of water sources for irrigation and became known as the “Dry Lakes.” In 1965, BLM began a series of wildlife habitat projects to restore some of the historic wetland characteristics and processes, and 9,600 acres of the former “Dry Lakes” area became known as Blanca Wetlands. BLM designated the Blanca Wetlands Area (BWA) as an “Area of Critical Environmental Concern” (ACEC) in 1991, due to its high importance for wildlife and recreational values. Today...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Birds,
Bureau of Land Management,
Bureau of Land Management (BLM),
Channelization,
Colorado,
The desert grasslands found within the Las Cienegas National Conservation Area (LCNCA) include some of the rarest habitats in the American Southwest and are home to six endangered species. These grasslands have degraded over the last 100 years into mesquite woodlands due to grazing practices, fire suppression policies, and the introduction of non-native plant species. The loss of grassland has encouraged erosion, reduced watershed function, and decreased available habitat for pronghorn antelope and other species. In 2009 and 2010, BLM implemented a grassland restoration project on over 3,000 acres, out of an identified 20,000 acres of degraded grassland found within the LCNCA. The project has removed mesquite trees...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Arid/desert,
Arizona,
Birds,
Bureau of Land Management,
Bureau of Land Management (BLM),
BLM has the ability to enter into “Stewardship Contracts” to make forests and rangelands more resilient to natural disturbances. The contracts allow companies and communities to retain forest and rangeland products in exchange for services like thinning trees and brush or removing dead wood. Long-term contracts foster a public-private partnership to restore forest and rangeland health at a savings to taxpayers by allowing contractors to invest in equipment and infrastructure for making wood products or producing biomass energy. The Gerber Stew Stewardship Contract was awarded in September 2004 to a firm based in Bend, Oregon to implement restoration treatments and projects in BLM’s Klamath Falls Resource Area....
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