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The capacity of ecosystems to provide services such as carbon storage, clean water, and forest products is determined not only by variations in ecosystem properties across landscapes, but also by ecosystem dynamics over time. ForWarn is a system developed by the U.S. Forest Service to monitor vegetation change using satellite imagery for the continental United States. It provides near real-time change maps that are updated every eight days, and summaries of these data also provide long-term change maps from 2000 to the present. Based on the detection of change in vegetation productivity, the ForWarn system monitors the effects of disturbances such as wildfires, insects, diseases, drought, and other effects of weather,...
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WaSSI (Water Supply Stress Index) predicts how climate, land cover, and human population change may impact water availability and carbon sequestration at the watershed level (about the size of a county) across the lower 48 United States. WaSSI users can select and adjust temperature, precipitation, land cover, and water use factors to simulate change scenarios for any timeframe from 1961 through the year 2100. Simulation results are available as downloadable maps, graphs, and data files that users can apply to their unique information and project needs. WaSSI generates useful information for natural resource planners and managers who must make informed decisions about water supplies and related ecosystem services...
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The ACS is a national, publicly available survey provided by the U.S. Census Bureau that collects information about population, education, housing, economic status, and more. Planners, public officials, entrepreneurs, and researchers rely on the data collected through this survey to help understand community conditions and to support community planning efforts.
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The National Cohesive Wildland Fire Management Strategy, initiated in 2009 and finalized in 2014, provides a national vision for wildland fire management. This highly collaborative effort establishes three overarching goals, and describes stakeholder-driven processes for achieving them: (1) resilient landscapes; (2) fire-adapted communities; and (3) safe and effective wildfire response. The scientific rigor of this program was ensured with the establishment of the National Science and Analysis Team (NSAT). The main tasks of NSAT were to compile credible scientific information, data, and models to help explore national challenges and opportunities, identify a range of management options, and help set national priorities...
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The Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team (FHTET) was created by the Deputy Chief for State and Private Forestry in February 1995 to develop and deliver forest health technology services to field personnel in public and private organizations in support of the Forest Service’s land ethic, to “promote the sustainability of ecosystems by ensuring their health, diversity, and productivity.” This dataset shows the total basal area of all tree species as square feet per acre.For more information: http://www.fs.fed.us/foresthealth/technology/nidrm2012.shtml
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Information about economic activity was obtained from the National Cohesive Wildland Fire Management Strategy (cohesivefire.nemac.org). Data were derived from the USDA Economic Research Service to create a county-level measure of Dominant Economic Activity (county economic dependence). This describes the most prevalent kind of economic activity, which includes activities from farming, mining, and manufacturing to government employment and the service industry. The Appalachian economy is diverse and geographically variable; for example, manufacturing is spread throughout the region, whereas mining activities are located more centrally. Data are from 2004.The mission of the USDA Economic Research Service is to inform...
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The ACS is a national, publicly available survey provided by the U.S. Census Bureau that collects information about population, education, housing, economic status, and more. Planners, public officials, entrepreneurs, and researchers rely on the data collected through this survey to help understand community conditions and to support community planning efforts. For more information, please visit: http://applcc-ecosystemservices.org/human-landscape/economics-and-business This socioeconomic profile contains many datasets. The dataset displayed here shows Median Household Income in 2013. Basic measures of economic status—such as those collected by the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS)—can help...
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Geographic relationships among energy infrastructure development, regional economic linkages, and the environment is crucial for understanding the impacts of Appalachian energy extraction activities and for regional planning efforts focused on the ecosystem services that may be affected. The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) provides impartial and independent data on the nation’s energy infrastructure, its sources, flows, and end uses, as well as forecasts and outlooks. Location information for specific extraction activities, as well as power plants and other supply chain components, can help reveal the regional nature of specific impacts and the often large distances between those effects and end-use...
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The National Cohesive Wildland Fire Management Strategy, initiated in 2009 and finalized in 2014, provides a national vision for wildland fire management. This highly collaborative effort establishes three overarching goals, and describes stakeholder-driven processes for achieving them: (1) resilient landscapes; (2) fire-adapted communities; and (3) safe and effective wildfire response. The scientific rigor of this program was ensured with the establishment of the National Science and Analysis Team (NSAT). The main tasks of NSAT were to compile credible scientific information, data, and models to help explore national challenges and opportunities, identify a range of management options, and help set national priorities...
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The Landcover Mosaic map (LCM) can be used to answer the question: What is the mixture of agricultural/urban/natural landcover types surrounding a given land parcel?Researchers at the U.S. Forest Service Southern Research Station have utilized the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) to calculate a suite of land cover and forest fragmentation metrics at landscape scales. These datasets yield rich spatial information about urbanization, its effects on forests, and how urban areas interface and mix with rural, agricultural, and forest landscapes.The Landcover Mosaic Map (Landscape Mosaic Pattern) illustrates the mixture of agricultural, developed, and semi-natural land cover types within 15-hectare neighborhoods (about...
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Researchers at the U.S. Forest Service Southern Research Station have utilized the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) to calculate a suite of land cover and forest fragmentation metrics at landscape scales. These datasets yield rich spatial information about urbanization, its effects on forests, and how urban areas interface and mix with rural, agricultural, and forest landscapes.The Forest Area Density (FDEN) map (Landscape Forest Density) illustrates the proportion of the landscape around a given forest area that is also forested. Areas with low forest density may be fragmented by agricultural land use and/or urban and exurban development. FDEN map is colored according to the amount of other forest in a surrounding...
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USFS Forest Inventory Analysis Through application of a nearest-neighbor imputation approach, mapped estimates of forest carbon density were developed for the contiguous United States using the annual forest inventory conducted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program, MODIS satellite imagery, and ancillary geospatial datasets. The U.S. has been providing national-scale estimates of forest carbon stocks and stock change to meet United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change reporting requirements for years. Although these currently are provided as national estimates by pool and year to meet greenhouse gas monitoring requirements, there is growing...
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The National Cohesive Wildland Fire Management Strategy—initiated in 2009 and finalized in 2014—provides a national vision for wildland fire management. This highly collaborative effort establishes three overarching goals, and describes stakeholder-driven processes for achieving them: (1) resilient landscapes; (2) fire-adapted communities; and (3) safe and effective wildfire response. The scientific rigor of this program was ensured with the establishment of the National Science and Analysis Team (NSAT).The main tasks of NSAT were to compile credible scientific information, data, and models to help explore national challenges and opportunities, identify a range of management options, and help set national priorities...
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The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) and the USDA Census of Agriculture (completed every five years, most recently in 2012) are primary sources of regionally detailed data concerning the productivity, economics, land use, and multiple other characteristics of agriculture and ranching in the United States. The county-level data on farmland irrigation provides one example of the many ways in which agriculture impacts, and is impacted by, natural resource availability and sustainability. This featured dataset is acres irrigated in farmlands, 2012. Available at: www.agcensus.usda.gov/Publications/2012/</pre>
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In order to understand ongoing and future climate change and its impacts on ecosystem services, we must have a grasp on historical ranges of climate variability. Fortunately, detailed weather station data are available in the United States for thousands of locations over the last century. Moreover, sophisticated approaches have been developed for translating these measurements into unified datasets across the U.S., including climate estimates for locations that lack station data.The PRISM (Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model) Climate Group produces such estimates from weather station data at daily, monthly, and annual time steps, incorporating data from 1895 to the present day. PRISM methods...
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Regional Climate Centers (RCC) Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI: drought index). Recent 10-year climatology for drought in summer months, 2005-2014.Drought is one of the most consequential aspects of variation in precipitation and temperature patterns in terms of its impacts on natural ecosystems and human systems. The production of food and clean water can be strongly affected, as can forest products production, outdoor recreation, ecosystem processes such as wildland fire, and many other processes affecting ecosystem services. Having a grasp on recent ranges of variability in drought conditions can provide a context for understanding ongoing and future climate change and its impacts on ecosystem services. Although...
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The American Community Survey (ACS) is a national, publicly available survey provided by the U.S. Census Bureau that collects information about population, education, housing, economic status, and more. Planners, public officials, entrepreneurs, and researchers rely on the data collected through this survey to help understand community conditions and to support community planning efforts.Seasonal homes are abundant in the Appalachians, and are particularly prominent among the more rural areas that provide access to the region’s cultural and natural amenities and scenic views. These factors, coupled with an ideal mountain climate compared to surrounding areas, have brought national attention and have made much of...
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Efforts to model and predict long-term variations in climate—based on scientific understanding of climatological processes—have grown rapidly in their sophistication to the point that models can be used to develop reasonable expectations of regional climate change. This is important because our ability to assess the potential consequences of a changing climate for particular ecosystems or regions depends on having realistic expectations about the kinds and severity of change to which a region may be exposed.The fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) is a collaborative climate modeling research effort coordinated by the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP). This is the most recent phase...
map background search result map search result map Dominant Economic Activity: USDA Economic Research Service Wildland Fire: The National Cohesive Strategy ACS: Socioeconomic Profile, 2013 American Community Survey (ACS) : Population Density per Square Mile (2013) PRISM: Winter Minimum Normal Temperature Normal (1981-2010) US Power Plant Locations CMIP5: Future Average Annual Temperature (2031-2060) WASSI Future Change in Water Supply Stress Index 1991-2010 Drought The Palmer Drought Severity Index Summer Mean 2005-2014 Total Forest Carbon Density 2000-2009 ForWarn Mean Summer National Difference Vegetation Index 2009-2013 Total Basal Area of All Tree Species 2012 U.S. Forest Service National Cohesive Fire Strategy Dataset Forest Product Production U.S. Forest Service National Cohesive Fire Strategy Dataset Percent Forest Industry Jobs American Community Survey Seasonal Housing Profile U.S. Forest Service Landscape Mosaic Pattern U.S. Forest Service Landscape Forest Density US Department of Agriculture Census of Agriculture Economic Profiles 2012 Percent catchment under crop-rivers Amount of inflow stored in upstream dams-rivers CMIP5: Future Average Annual Temperature (2031-2060) Dominant Economic Activity: USDA Economic Research Service Wildland Fire: The National Cohesive Strategy ACS: Socioeconomic Profile, 2013 American Community Survey (ACS) : Population Density per Square Mile (2013) U.S. Forest Service National Cohesive Fire Strategy Dataset Forest Product Production U.S. Forest Service National Cohesive Fire Strategy Dataset Percent Forest Industry Jobs American Community Survey Seasonal Housing Profile US Department of Agriculture Census of Agriculture Economic Profiles 2012 WASSI Future Change in Water Supply Stress Index 1991-2010 Percent catchment under crop-rivers Amount of inflow stored in upstream dams-rivers ForWarn Mean Summer National Difference Vegetation Index 2009-2013 U.S. Forest Service Landscape Mosaic Pattern U.S. Forest Service Landscape Forest Density Drought The Palmer Drought Severity Index Summer Mean 2005-2014 PRISM: Winter Minimum Normal Temperature Normal (1981-2010) Total Basal Area of All Tree Species 2012 Total Forest Carbon Density 2000-2009 US Power Plant Locations