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A pan‐Arctic synthesis of CH4 and CO2 production from anoxic soil incubations Abstract (from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gcb.12875/abstract): Permafrost thaw can alter the soil environment through changes in soil moisture, frequently resulting in soil saturation, a shift to anaerobic decomposition, and changes in the plant community. These changes, along with thawing of previously frozen organic material, can alter the form and magnitude of greenhouse gas production from permafrost ecosystems. We synthesized existing methane (CH 4) and carbon dioxide (CO 2) production measurements from anaerobic incubations of boreal and tundra soils from the geographic permafrost region to evaluate large-scale controls of anaerobic CO 2 and CH 4 production and compare the relative importance... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Alaska CASC, Alaska CASC, Glaciers and Permafrost, Water, Coasts and Ice, anaerobic incubation, All tags... arctic, boreal, carbon dioxide, climate change, methane, permafrost, Fewer tags Final Report: Modeling and Predicting Future Changes in Snowfall and Snow Cover in Alaska Snow conditions are extremely important to a wide range of hydrologic and ecosystem components and processes, including those related to surface energy and moisture stores and fluxes, vegetation, mammals, birds, and fish. The required snow datasets currently do not exist at the required spatial and temporal resolutions needed by end users such as scientists, land managers, and policy makers. Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Alaska CASC, Arctic, Arctic, Landscapes, Other Water, All tags... Water, Coasts and Ice, snowDATA, Fewer tags Polygonal tundra geomorphological change in response to warming alters future CO2 and CH4 flux on the Barrow Peninsula Abstract (from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gcb.12757/abstract): The landscape of the Barrow Peninsula in northern Alaska is thought to have formed over centuries to millennia, and is now dominated by ice-wedge polygonal tundra that spans drained thaw-lake basins and interstitial tundra. In nearby tundra regions, studies have identified a rapid increase in thermokarst formation (i.e., pits) over recent decades in response to climate warming, facilitating changes in polygonal tundra geomorphology. We assessed the future impact of 100 years of tundra geomorphic change on peak growing season carbon exchange in response to: (i) landscape succession associated with the thaw-lake cycle; and (ii) low, moderate,... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Alaska CASC, Data Visualization & Tools, Science Tools for Managers, arctic, carbon balance, All tags... classification, climate warming, negative feedback, polygonal tundra, thaw-lake cycle, thermokarst, Fewer tags Factors that will influence oil and gas supply and demand in the 21st century A recent report published by the National Petroleum Council (NPC) in the United States predicted a 50–60% growth in total global demand for energy by 2030. Because oil, gas, and coal will continue to be the primary energy sources during this time, the energy industry will have to continue increasing the supply of these fuels to meet this increasing demand. Achieving this goal will require the exploitation of both conventional and unconventional reservoirs of oil and gas in an environmentally acceptable manner. Such efforts will, in turn, require advancements in materials science, particularly in the development of materials that can withstand high-pressure, high-temperature, and high-stress conditions. Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Arctic, Gas, Oil 2015 LCC Network Areas Landscape Conservation Cooperatives (LCCs) are public-private partnerships composed of states, tribes, federal agencies, non-governmental organizations, universities, international jurisdictions, and others working together to address landscape and seascape scale conservation issues. LCCs inform resource management decisions to address broad-scale stressors-including habitat fragmentation, genetic isolation, spread of invasive species, and water scarcity-all of which are magnified by a rapidly changing climate. For further information go to https://www.fws.gov/science/catalog. The previous 2011 LCC Network Areas data is available at https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/52f2735ee4b0a6f0bd498c2f Categories: Data, Publication; Types: ArcGIS Map Package, ArcGIS REST Map Service, ArcGIS Service Definition, Citation, Downloadable, Map Service; Tags: Aleutian and Bering Sea Islands, Appalachian, Arctic, California, Caribbean, All tags... Desert, Eastern Tallgrass Prairie and Big Rivers, Great Basin, Great Northern, Great Plains, Gulf Coast Plains and Ozarks, Gulf Coast Prairie, Inland Waters, LCC, North Atlantic, North Pacific, Northwest Boreal, Pacific Islands, Peninsular Florida, Plains and Prairie Potholes, South Atlantic, Southern Rockies, Unclassified, Upper Midwest and Great Lakes, Western Alaska, biota, boundaries, conservation, dataset, environment, fish and wildlife service, landscape conservation cooperatives, partnerships, Fewer tags 2015 LCC Network Areas OGC Webservices Landscape Conservation Cooperatives (LCCs) are public-private partnerships composed of states, tribes, federal agencies, non-governmental organizations, universities, international jurisdictions, and others working together to address landscape and seascape scale conservation issues. LCCs inform resource management decisions to address broad-scale stressors-including habitat fragmentation, genetic isolation, spread of invasive species, and water scarcity-all of which are magnified by a rapidly changing climate. For further information go to https://www.fws.gov/science/catalog. The previous 2011 LCC Network Areas data is available at https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/52f2735ee4b0a6f0bd498c2f Categories: Data, Publication; Types: Citation, Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Aleutian and Bering Sea Islands, Appalachian, Arctic, California, Caribbean, All tags... Desert, Eastern Tallgrass Prairie and Big Rivers, Great Basin, Great Northern, Great Plains, Gulf Coast Plains and Ozarks, Gulf Coast Prairie, Inland Waters, LCC, North Atlantic, North Pacific, Northwest Boreal, Pacific Islands, Peninsular Florida, Plains and Prairie Potholes, South Atlantic, Southern Rockies, Unclassified, Upper Midwest and Great Lakes, Western Alaska, biota, boundaries, conservation, dataset, environment, fish and wildlife service, landscape conservation cooperatives, partnerships, Fewer tags Numerical modeling of two-dimensional temperature field dynamics across non-deforming ice-wedge polygons Abstract (from ScienceDirect): Ice wedge polygons on the North Slope of Alaska have been forming for many millennia, when the ground thermally contracts in the winter and water fills in the cracks during the snowmelt season. The infiltrated water then freezes and turns into ice. In this paper we investigate temperature dynamics around the ice wedges and surrounding permafrost. A 2-D nonlinear heat equation with phase change is utilized to compute temperature across the ice wedge and surrounding area. Thermal properties of the ground material are estimated by assimilating temperature measurements in the center of ice wedge polygons. The developed finite element model is successfully validated using two analytical... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Alaska CASC, Arctic, Glaciers and Permafrost, Landscapes, Water, Coasts and Ice Factors influencing future oil and gas prospects in the Arctic The article explores oil and natural gas development in the Arctic. While several commentators have argued that an increase in Arctic petroleum production in the years to come will follow directly from an increased demand for energy, our study finds that oil and natural gas production in the Arctic is dependent on a range of variables. By using climate-driven changes as a baseline, we examine spill-over effects and conditions that are important for further Arctic hydrocarbon production. Using the available literature from different scientific fields, this article provides a broad and nuanced perspective on the much debated question of whether or not the Arctic will become a region driven by oil and gas production. Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Arctic, Gas, Oil