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Water erosion results in the mobilization and depletion of soil organic carbon (SOC), but studies providing direct experimental evidence of eroded C mineralization and its linkage to the global C cycle are lacking. A study was conducted to determine the mineralization of SOC in runoff from a southwestern Ohio Crosby soil (fine, mixed, mesic Aeric Ochraqualf) that had been under no-till (NT), chisel till (CT) and moldboard plow (MP) for 38 years. To simulate present and future soil erosion conditions, the 0–3 and 5–8 cm soil layers from triplicate soil blocks extracted from each tillage practice were used. Soil layers were transferred to runoff trays and simulated rainfall (30±5 mm h−1) was applied for 1 h. Runoff...
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Control technology for dreissenid mussels (Dreissena polymorpha and D. bugensis) currently relies heavily on chemical molluscicides that can be both costly and ecologically harmful. There is a need to develop more environmentally neutral control tools to manage dreissenid mussels, particularly in cooler water. Previously, carbon dioxide (CO2) showed selective toxicity for Zebra mussels, relative to unionids, when applied in cool water (12 °C). Carp-Carbon Dioxide (carbon dioxide, CO2) is registered as a pesticide by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for deterrence of Asian carp and to control aquatic nuisance species when applied under ice (USEPA 2019). The current registration would allow the use of...
Carbon dioxide has shown promise as a tool to control movements of invasive Asian carps. We evaluated lethal and sublethal responses of juvenile fat mucket (Lampsilis siliquoidea) mussels to carbon dioxide concentrations (43–269 mg/L, mean concentration) that are effective for deterring carp movement. The 28-d LC50 value (lethal concentration to 50% of the mussels) was 87.0 mg/L (95% confidence interval, CI 78.4–95.9) and at 16-d post-exposure was 76.0 mg/L (95% CI 62.9–90.3). A proportional hazards regression model predicted that juveniles could not survive CO2 concentrations >160 mg/L for more than 2 weeks or >100 mg/L CO2 for more than 30 days. Mean daily shell growth was significantly lower for mussels that...
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Drilling-density cell maps show the number of wells that have been drilled into the storage assessment unit (SAU). Each 1-square-mile cell has a count for the number of unique well boreholes drilled into the SAU. For a given sedimentary basin, the USGS National Geologic CO2 Sequestration Assessment Project identifies SAUs containing the potential for storage and sequestration of carbon dioxide. Proprietary well header data from IHS ENERDEQ through 2010 were queried to determine which wells were drilled into specific SAUs. The coordinates of wells are proprietary and cannot be released; however, counts of the number of wells per square mile are presented in the well drilling density data layer.
Categories: Data, pre-SM502.8; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Bighorn Basin, C503401 = Bighorn Basin, C50340101 = Tensleep Sandstone, C50340102 = Tensleep Sandstone Deep, C50340103 = Ervay Member, All tags...
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The storage assessment unit (SAU) is the fundamental unit used in the National Assessment of Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources project for the assessment of geologic CO2 storage resources. The SAU is shown here as a geographic boundary interpreted, defined, and mapped by the geologist responsible for the assessment interval. Individual SAUs are defined on the basis of common geologic and hydrologic characteristics. The resource that is assessed is the mass of CO2 that can be stored in the technically accessible pore volume of a storage formation. The technically accessible storage resource is one that may be available using present-day geological and engineering knowledge and technology for CO2 injection...
Carbon dioxide is increasing in the atmosphere, presumably from human activities. Many soils on Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed (WGEW) in southeastern Arizona contain carbonates that have accumulated over long periods of time. The hypothesis is that these soils are maintaining this carbon pool under present climatic conditions and are a sink for some of the increasing atmospheric carbon. Bowen ratio systems were used to measure CO2 fluxes from a brush and a grass community with different soil types on WGEW. Contradictory to the hypothesis, the two sites were found to be losing carbon annually. The brush site with higher inorganic carbon in the soil, had an average annual loss of 144 g C m-2 and the grass site...
A comprehensive geochemical survey of springs outside the northwest margin of the Yellowstone caldera was undertaken in 2003 and 2004. This survey was designed to detect: (1) active leakage from a huge reservoir of CO2 gas recently postulated to extend from beneath the caldera into this area; and (2) lingering evidence for subsurface flow of magmatic fluids into this area during the 1985 seismic swarm and concomitant caldera subsidence. Spring temperatures are low (< 15 °C), but two large-discharge springs contain 14C-dead carbon that can be identified as magmatic from calculated end-member values for δ13C(dead) and 3He/C(dead) of − 4‰ and 1 × 10− 10, respectively, similar to values for intra-caldera fumarolic and...
We examined bird and bat mortality at a new 89-turbine windfarm constructed in an environmentally sensitive area in north-central Iowa. The windfarm became operational in November 2001. It is located in cropland between three Wildlife Management Areas (WMA's) with historically high bird use. In the past, migrant and resident waterfowl, shorebirds, raptors, and songbirds moved between the WMA's through the area now occupied by the windfarm. Studies of bird collision mortality in California and elsewhere raised concerns about the possibility of mortalities in this area. From April 15, 2003 and December 15, 2003 we searched for dead animals under 26 randomly selected turbines. Six 76.2 m by 3.0 m transects were maintained...
Natural gas plays a key role in our nation’s clean energy future. Recent advances in drilling technologies—including horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing—have made vast reserves of natural gas economically recoverable in the US. Responsible development of America’s oil and gas resources offers important economic, energy security, and environmental benefits. Hydraulic fracturing is a well stimulation technique used to maximize production of oil and natural gas in unconventional reservoirs, such as shale, coalbeds, and tight sands. During hydraulic fracturing, specially engineered fluids containing chemical additives and proppant are pumped under high pressure into the well to create and hold open fractures...
Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) have the potential to be an economic means of reducing direct (or tailpipe) carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the transportation sector However, without a Climate policy that places a limit on CO2 emissions from the electric generation sector, the net impact of widespread deployment of PFIEVs on overall US CO2 emissions is not as clear. A comprehensive analysis must consider jointly the transportation and electricity sectors. along with feedbacks to the rest of the energy system. In this paper, we use the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory's MiniCAM model to perform an integrated economic analysis of the penetration of PFIEVs and the resulting impact oil total U.S. CO2...
Locks and dams are possible management points to block the spread of invasive Asian carps in the United States. Infusion of carbon dioxide (CO2) into water is one deterrent strategy being considered at navigational structures to reduce upstream fish passage that would not directly interfere with lock and dam operations. The goal of this study was to determine the efficacy of CO2 as a behavioral deterrent to free-swimming fishes. Telemetered bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) were monitored within a U-shaped pond (30.5 m long x 13.7 m wide x 1 m deep) using a two-dimensional acoustic telemetry array. Gaseous CO2 was administered to one-half of the pond at 30, 75, or...
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Dreissenid management has focused primarily on chemical tools which are efficacious, but not without ecological or economic costs. There is a need for additional control tools that are less expensive, readily available, and will not leave a residue after treatment. Carbon dioxide has these advantages over chemical pesticides and has demonstrated effectiveness for control of a range of aquatic invasive species, including dreissenid mussels. Carbon dioxide was lethal to adult zebra mussels at levels that were safe to juvenile unionid mussels and lower levels cause detachment and gaping. Dreissenid veligers are more sensitive than adults to water quality conditions, including pH. Therefore, we hypothesized that effective...
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This data release includes metadata and tabular data that documents the survival of fish or invertebrate exposed to carbon dioxide (CO2) gas treatment during aquarium trials. Aquarium trials were conducted with six taxa: guppies (Poecilia reticulata), western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis), Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus), Opae ula shrimp (Halocaridina rubra), feeble shrimp (Palaemon debilis) and a species of thiarid snail (Thiaridae). These results were part of a larger study aimed to test the efficacy of CO2 as a tool for managing invasive fish in anchialine pools.
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This data release includes metadata and tabular data that documents changes in pH of anchialine pool water before, during and after diffusion of carbon dioxide (CO2) gas. These results are part of a study testing the efficacy of CO2 as tool for eradicating invasive fish from anchialine pools. The trials were conducted at Puuhonua o Honaunau National Historical Park and Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park, Hawaii, during 2021-2022.
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Grid reflects locations of estimated aragonite saturation state under a CO2 stabilization level of 450 ppm. This level is approximately equivalent to year 2030 under a CO2 emissions scenario that is slightly more conservative (i.e., optimistic) than IPCC "business-as-usual". The indicator of ocean acidification is the projected saturation level of aragonite, the form of calcium carbonate that corals use to build their skeletons. As dissolved CO2 levels increase, the aragonite saturation state decreases, which makes it more difficult for coral to build their skeletons. Aragonite saturation states of less than 3.0 are extremely marginal for coral growth. See the Reefs at Risk Revisited report and technical notes for...
Understanding the sources and quantities of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is critical to developing an emissions inventory that accurately represents various oil and gas industry segment operations. To address this, the American Petroleum Institute (API) formed a Greenhouse Gas Emissions Methodology Working Group. The working group’s objectives were to review, summarize and recommend methodologies for consistent estimation of GHG emissions from oil and gas industry facilities, including exploration and production through refining to product marketing. In a continued pursuit of consistent emission estimation methodologies for the oil and gas industry, the working group is meeting with other protocol development...
We examined bird and bat mortality at a new 89-turbine windfarm constructed in an environmentally sensitive area in north-central Iowa. The windfarm became operational in November 2001. It is located in cropland between three Wildlife Management Areas (WMA's) with historically high bird use. In the past, migrant and resident waterfowl, shorebirds, raptors, and songbirds moved between the WMA's through the area now occupied by the windfarm. Studies of bird collision mortality in California and elsewhere raised concerns about the possibility of mortalities in this area. From April 15, 2003 and December 15, 2003 we searched for dead animals under 26 randomly selected turbines. Six 76.2 m by 3.0 m transects were maintained...
Understanding the sources and quantities of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is critical to developing an emissions inventory that accurately represents various oil and gas industry segment operations. To address this, the American Petroleum Institute (API) formed a Greenhouse Gas Emissions Methodology Working Group. The working group’s objectives were to review, summarize and recommend methodologies for consistent estimation of GHG emissions from oil and gas industry facilities, including exploration and production through refining to product marketing. In a continued pursuit of consistent emission estimation methodologies for the oil and gas industry, the working group is meeting with other protocol development...
One of the first government-sponsored demands for integrated assessment to support decision making in the United States is embodied in the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA). Over the past 25 years, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) has supported federal agencies’ in evaluating health and environmental impacts as required by NEPA. Many of ORNL’s efforts have focused on complex, programmatic assessments that break new ground and require and integrate expertise from a wide range of technical disciplines. Examples of ORNL projects that illustrate the use of integrated assessment approaches include environmental documentation for: (1) the Department of the Army’s Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program,...
Sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in depleted oil reservoirs is one of the viable options for carbon management. This paper describes the preliminary modeling and flow simulation part of a DOE sponsored CO2 sequestration project. The main objective of the project is to understand the feasibility of long term sequestration of CO2 in a depleted oil reservoir through a field demonstration experiment. Before the actual CO2 injection begins, it was necessary to determine feasibility of injection. Advanced geologic modeling and flow simulation techniques were used to develop a model for the proposed target interval. A geologic model was developed using data available from well logs and cores. Subsequently, porous...
map background search result map search result map Ocean acidification (aragonite saturation state) - atmospheric CO2 stabilization level of 450 ppm (2030) National Geologic Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Sequestration Assessment Project: Bighorn Basin (C5034) Well Density Hawaii Island, carbon dioxide as a tool to manage invasive fish in anchialine pools, aquarium trials subject fate, 2020 Puuhonua o Honaunau and Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Parks, carbon dioxide as a tool to manage invasive fish in anchialine pools, field pH levels during treatment, 2021-2022 Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources-Wind River Basin: Chapter O, Spatial Data Puuhonua o Honaunau and Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Parks, carbon dioxide as a tool to manage invasive fish in anchialine pools, field pH levels during treatment, 2021-2022 Hawaii Island, carbon dioxide as a tool to manage invasive fish in anchialine pools, aquarium trials subject fate, 2020 Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources-Wind River Basin: Chapter O, Spatial Data National Geologic Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Sequestration Assessment Project: Bighorn Basin (C5034) Well Density Ocean acidification (aragonite saturation state) - atmospheric CO2 stabilization level of 450 ppm (2030)