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La estrategia para el área focal trata de abordar la necesidad de sostener los flujos de servicios ecosistémicos que sustentan la productividad de los sistemas agrícolas y pastizales. Este enfoque es coherente con las conclusiones de la Evaluación de los Ecosistemas del Milenio, que identifica el cambio de uso del suelo, el consumo de recursos naturales y el cambio climático como las tres principales causas directas de la degradación de ecosistemas terrestres. La Evaluación de los Ecosistemas del Milenio recomienda inversiones en la prevención y control de la degradación de tierras en zonas de medio y alto potencial de producción, que son esenciales para el sustento de los pueblos, y en las zonas afectadas donde...
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Despite the lack of surface flows, the Colorado River riparian corridor in Mexico has proven to be ecologically resilient. Floods in the 1980s and 90s in the region brought back large swaths of native riparian habitat, which still persist today in some areas along the river. Because the historic floodplain is extremely important for agricultural production and therefore the local economy, habitat maintenance must be integrated with continued utilization of lands and water for this purpose.The riparian, marsh, and open-water areas found in Reach 4 provide critical habitat for both migratory and resident riparian bird species. Due to its ecological importance, the riparian corridor and Reach 4 in particular have been...
Categories: Data; Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service, ArcGIS Service Definition, Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2014, Applications and Tools, Baja California, Colorado River Delta, Data, All tags...
As wind power development continues at a rapid pace in the United States, there is increasing interest in its economic impacts. Because good wind resources are typically far from electrical loads, wind power plants are often built in rural areas. The economic impacts that arise from building and operating a power plant can be significant but are often not considered by public utility commission processes. Although these impacts vary from state to state because of the differences in wind resource and state infrastructure, economic development from new wind provides important impacts from necessary power system expansion and should play a more prominent role in decision-making processes. This paper uses the National...
This paper estimates the extra costs of drilling for oil and gas on federal land as compared to private land in the Wyoming Checkerboard. The Checkerboard is a center of U.S. oil and gas activity in which square-mile sections of property alternate between federal and private ownership as originally established by the Pacific Railway Acts of 1862 and 1864. This land ownership pattern is used as an experimental control that may be used to identify differences in drilling cost on federal and private land. Estimates presented suggest that average drilling costs per well are about $200,000 higher on federal property than on private property. This difference is attributed to more stringent enforcement of environmental...
This paper intends to present a contribution to the development of techniques of decision-making in international projects of exploration and production of petroleum. A case study of the Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) was developed and applied to define priorities among ten offshore exploration investment opportunities around the world offered to a Brazilian petroleum multinational company, according to decision-makers’ preferences. The MAUT model proposed shows for the first time a combination of operational, political and technological risks, resulting in a quite complete formulation to describe quantitatively the decision-making process. It is important to emphasize that this paper presents an unpublished...
Societal dependence on oil leads to increasingly negative social consequences throughout the world, including climate change, air pollution, political and economic instability, and habitat degradation. Reliance on the automobile for transportation also contributes to a sedentary lifestyle, an obesity epidemic and poor health. These problems are particularly pronounced in the USA, which currently consumes c. 27% of global oil production and produces c. 25% of global carbon emissions, and where c. 65% of adults are overweight or obese. Other countries throughout the world that replicate or hope to replicate the automobile-based lifestyle of the USA face similar problems now or in the near future. This paper develops...
This project was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of using geothermal effluents for developing and maintaining waterfowl wetlands. Information in the document pertains to a seven State area the West where geothermal resources have development potential. Information is included on physiochemical characteristics of geothermal effluents; known effects of constituents in the water on a wetland ecosystem and water quality criteria for maintaining a viable wetland; potential of sites for wetland development and disposal of effluent water from geothermal facilities; methods of ‘disposal of effluents, including advantages of each method and associated costs; legal and Institutional constraints which could affect geothermal...
Biofuels world production has increased sharply in recent years. Oil reserves depletion, the oil high price and the confidence in biofuels “carbon neutrality” are the main causes of this phenomenon. However, claims related to the negative consequences of biofuel programs are frequent; mainly those related to the biofuels/food competition and sustainability. This paper aims to contribute for the development of a framework for sustainability indicators as a tool for performance assessment. The most used indicators to measure the biofuels sustainability are: Life Cycle Energy Balance (LCEB), quantity of fossil energy substituted per hectare, co-product energy allocation, life cycle carbon balance and changes in soil...
This paper addresses two questions concerning the economics and prospects for nuclear power in the USA: 1) What is the long term economic future of nuclear energy? 2) Is the inability to solve the nuclear waste issue a factor that will limit new nuclear plant development? With respect to the first question, we find that the long term economic future of nuclear energy is uncertain, at best. Despite recent interest in a “nuclear renaissance,” objective, rigorous studies have concluded that, at present, new nuclear power plants are not economically competitive with coal or natural gas for electricity generation and will not be for the foreseeable future. With respect to the second question, we find that the inability...
High-temporal resolution meteorological output from the Parallel Climate Model (PCM) is used to assess changes in wildland fire danger across the western United States due to climatic changes projected in the 21st century. A business-as-usual scenario incorporating changing greenhouse gas and aerosol concentrations until the year 2089 is compared to a 1975 - 1996 base period. Changes in relative humidity, especially drying over much of the West, are projected to increase the number of days of high fire danger ( based on the energy release component (ERC) index) at least through the year 2089 in comparison to the base period. The regions most affected are the northern Rockies, Great Basin and the Southwest - regions...
Post-combustion CO2 capture and storage (CCS) presents a promising strategy to capture, compress, transport and store CO2 from a high volume-low pressure flue gas stream emitted from a fossil fuel-fired power plant. This work undertakes the simulation of CO2 capture and compression integration into an 800 MW supercritical coal-fired power plant using chemical process simulators. The focus is not only on the simulation of full load of flue gas stream into the CO2 capture and compression, but also, on the impact of a partial load. The result reveals that the energy penalty of a low capture efficiency, for example, at 50% capture efficiency with 10% flue gas load is higher than for 90% flue gas load at the equivalent...
Biofuels world production has increased sharply in recent years. Oil reserves depletion, the oil high price and the confidence in biofuels “carbon neutrality” are the main causes of this phenomenon. However, claims related to the negative consequences of biofuel programs are frequent; mainly those related to the biofuels/food competition and sustainability. This paper aims to contribute for the development of a framework for sustainability indicators as a tool for performance assessment. The most used indicators to measure the biofuels sustainability are: Life Cycle Energy Balance (LCEB), quantity of fossil energy substituted per hectare, co-product energy allocation, life cycle carbon balance and changes in soil...
​The Water Resources Mission A​rea - Social & Economic Drivers Program provides improved understanding of the impacts and interaction of socioeconomics and water availability. Research focuses on improved understanding of socioeconomic influence on water demand, use, and movement regionally; as well as National drivers to improve the ability of the National Water Census to forecast availability under a variety of conditions. This Sciencebase community will be a space for projects within the Social & Economic Drivers Program to store, manage, and share data.
Why Rangelands: The Central Valley of California, the surrounding foothills and the interior Coast Range include over 18 million acres of grassland. Most of this land is privately owned and managed for livestock production. Because grasslands are found in some of California’s fastest-growing counties, they are severely threatened by land conversion and development. In addition climate change stresses grasslands by potentially changing water availability and species distributions.Maintaining a ranching landscape can greatly support biodiversity conservation in the California Landscape Conservation Cooperative (LCC) region. In addition ranches generate multiple ecosystem services—defined as human benefits provided...
Categories: Data, Project; Tags: 2011, 2012, 2013, Applications and Tools, CA, All tags...
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Despite the lack of surface flows, the Colorado River riparian corridor in Mexico has proven to be ecologically resilient. Floods in the 1980s and 90s in the region brought back large swaths of native riparian habitat, which still persist today in some areas along the river. Because the historic floodplain is extremely important for agricultural production and therefore the local economy, habitat maintenance must be integrated with continued utilization of lands and water for this purpose.The riparian, marsh, and open-water areas found in Reach 4 provide critical habitat for both migratory and resident riparian bird species. Due to its ecological importance, the riparian corridor and Reach 4 in particular have been...
Categories: Data, Project; Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service, ArcGIS Service Definition, Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2014, Applications and Tools, Baja California, Colorado River Delta, DLCC, All tags...
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This New Mexico Statewide Resources Assessment, Strategy and Response Plan intends to guide long-term Division management, but as importantly, to provide useful information to our many partners who work together to create and maintain sustainable forests and their many benefits. The Forestry Division's central purpose is to promote healthy, sustainable forests in New Mexico for the benefit of current and future generations. This mission is accomplished by working with partners interested in improving the health of the state’s forests and watersheds. This document helps the Division meet two directives: the New Mexico Forest and Watershed Health Plan, completed in 2004, identifying the need for an all resources...
In August 2013, the National Wildlife Federation joined forces with Kansas State University to host the second ever America’s Grasslands Conference - held in Manhattan, Kansas. Only a short drive from the Konza Prairie Biological Station, which just recently celebrated its 40th Birthday, the conference was located in an ideal spot to talk about grassland conservation and the future of grasslands. The conference was attended by around 215 participants from across the country, including a diverse group of researchers, conservationists, ranchers, federal and state policy experts, graduate students, and many others. The conference, which ran from August 12-14, featured over 65 speakers and included a riveting keynote...
The semi-arid grasslands in the Mexico-United States border region are relatively intact and provide one of the best opportunities in North America to preserve and nurture an extensive series of grassland ecosystems. The conference was organized to increase appreciation for the importance of the remaining semi-arid grasslands and to create a platform for expanding the integration of natural and social sciences among individuals and organizations. The conference was attended by ranchers, environmentalists, academics, and agency personnel from both nations. Main topics include grassland ecology and biodiversity, management and conservation, and sustainable borderland ranching. Endangered species management, especially...
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The Tohono O’odham Nation spans 2.8 million acres of Sonoran Desert habitat, ranging from grasslands in higher-rainfall areas on the east to desert scrub that dominates the drier northern and western regions. For the last three centuries, cattle-raising has provided a source of cash, food for community feasts and ceremonies, social status and political clout. However, cattle running in common made grazing and genetic management difficult and resulted in lower prices for livestock sold off the reservation. In the 1930s, without consulting local producers, the Nation was fenced into nine grazing districts, fragmenting grazing territories and keeping users from customary use areas. The result: resentment toward government...
map background search result map search result map Sustainability and Vulnerability of Colorado River Delta Riparian Habitat Under Different Climate Change, Environmental Flow, and Agricultural Water Management Scenarios New Mexico Statewide Resources Assessment Estrategia del área focal de degradación de tierras A Range Management Curriculum and Participatory Planning Project for the Tohono O’odham Nation Water Management Scenarios in the Colorado River Delta Sustainability and Vulnerability of Colorado River Delta Riparian Habitat Under Different Climate Change, Environmental Flow, and Agricultural Water Management Scenarios Water Management Scenarios in the Colorado River Delta A Range Management Curriculum and Participatory Planning Project for the Tohono O’odham Nation New Mexico Statewide Resources Assessment Estrategia del área focal de degradación de tierras