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Synthesizing Multiple Long-Term Datasets to Test Flow Ecology Relationships for Fishes - Workshop River ecosystems support a wide diversity of biota, including thousands of fish species, which are variously adapted to the dynamic environments provided by flowing-water habitats. One of the primary ways that human activities diminish the biological capacity of rivers is by altering the natural hydrologic variability of river systems through regulation and diversion of streamflow for other uses. Managers may be able to avoid some of the worst effects of flow management on aquatic biota if we understand the mechanisms by which streamflow components, such as unusually high and low flow events, affect populations (e.g., by influencing recruitment and mortality). Numerous past studies have described correlative associations... Categories: Project; Tags: Active, All Working Groups, Ecosystems, Water, Water Resources Wetland fluxnet synthesis for methane: understanding and predicting methane fluxes at daily to interannual timescales Wetlands provide many important ecosystem services, including wildlife habitat, water purification, flood protection, and carbon metabolism. Our ability to manage these services and predict the long-term health of wetlands is strongly linked to their carbon fluxes, of which methane (CH4) is a key component. Natural wetlands emit approximately 30% of global CH4 emissions, as their waterlogged soils create ideal conditions for CH4 production. They are also the largest, and potentially most uncertain, natural source of CH4 to the atmosphere. To understand and predict CH4 fluxes across wetlands globally, we propose the first synthesis of CH4 flux tower data accompanying a global database of CH4 emissions. By taking... Categories: Project; Tags: Active, All Working Groups, Ecosystems, Energy and Minerals, Land Resources, All tags... Methane, Fewer tags Analyses of contaminant effects in freshwater systems: synthesizing abiotic and biotic stream datasets for long-term ecological research Fresh water is arguably the most valuable resource on the planet, but human activities threaten freshwater ecosystems. For example, use of synthetic chemicals, such as pesticides, road salts, and nutrients, has led to the ubiquitous contamination of aquatic systems, jeopardizing the integrity of ecological communities. Given the importance biodiversity plays in maintaining ecosystem health and function and the continued decline of freshwater species, it is vital to understand the direct, indirect, and lasting effects of synthetic contaminants on biota in freshwater systems. The majority of our knowledge regarding contaminant effects is comprised of short-term, single-contaminant laboratory toxicity tests that describe... Categories: Project; Tags: Active, All Working Groups, Ecosystems, Water Resources Alaska Yukon Delta Nest Distance Sampling Pilot Project In 2019 a pilot study was conducted to determine the feasibility of using distance sampling to estimate density and population size of goose and eider nests on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (YKD). Distance sampling (Buckland et al. 2001) is a common and well-understood method to estimate wildlife population size or density, especially for sparse and hard-to-detect populations. A main advantage of distance sampling is that it accounts for imperfect detection and gives precise estimates for a given level of effort relative to other methods. The objectives for the pilot project in 2019 was to (1) determine if distance sampling is feasible on the YKD, (2) determine what aspects of the field protocol need to be changed or... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: ANIMALS/VERTEBRATES, ANIMALS/VERTEBRATES, ANIMALS/VERTEBRATES, BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION, BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION, All tags... BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION, BIOSPHERE, BIRDS, BIRDS, BIRDS, CRANES AND ALLIES, DATA ANALYSIS AND VISUALIZATION, DUCKS/GEESE/SWANS, EARTH SCIENCE, EARTH SCIENCE, EARTH SCIENCE, EARTH SCIENCE, EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > ANIMALS/VERTEBRATES > BIRDS > LOONS, EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS > WETLANDS, EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES, ECOSYSTEMS, FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS, Project, RIVER DELTA, RIVERS/STREAM, STATISTICAL APPLICATIONS, WADERS/GULLS/AUKS AND ALLIES, biota, completed, environment, Fewer tags Climate change and ecohydrology in temperate dryland ecosystems: a global assessment Water cycling and availability exert dominant control over ecological processes and the sustainability of ecosystem services in water - limited ecosystems. Consequently, dryland ecosystems have the potential to be dramatically impacted by hydrologic alterations emerging from global change, notably increasing temperature and altered precipitation patterns. In addition, the possibility of directly manipulating global solar radiation by augmenting stratospheric SO2 is receiving increasing attention as CO2 emissions continue to increase - these manipulations are anticipated to decrease precipitation, a change that may be as influential as temperature increases in dryland ecosystems. We propose to integrate a proven... Categories: Project; Tags: All Working Groups, Climate, Completed, Drylands, Ecosystems, All tags... Land Resources, Synthesis, Water Resources, Fewer tags Novel multi‐scale synthesis of nitrogen fixation rates and drivers across the terrestrial biosphere Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is a critical biogeochemical process that converts inert atmospheric N2 gas into biologically usable forms of the essential nutrient nitrogen. A variety of free-living and symbiotic organisms carry out BNF, and in most regions worldwide, BNF is the largest source of nitrogen that fuels terrestrial ecosystems. As a result, BNF has far reaching effects on ecosystem properties (water quality, carbon storage), sustainability (plant growth, soil fertility), and the global climate system. Despite this cross-cutting importance, existing syntheses of BNF have major gaps, with particular challenges in upscaling local measurements across large areas. These gaps, and a corresponding lack... Categories: Project; Tags: Active, All Working Groups, Ecosystems, Land Resources, Nitrogen Fiber Optic Seismology for Earthquake Hazards Research, Monitoring and Early Warning A revolution is underway in seismology that transforms fiber-optic cables into arrays of thousands of seismic sensors. Compared to the traditional monitoring networks using inertial seismometers, the fiber-optic approach can increase the spatial data density by orders of magnitude and enable data processing methodologies that require a high-fidelity wavefield. The Working Group aims to advance the USGS, along with several academic and industry partners, towards effective utilization of fiber-optic sensing techniques to understand earthquake hazards and improve monitoring and real-time warning systems. We will conduct synthesis studies that demonstrate the potential gains for various applications, including earthquake... Categories: Project; Tags: Active, All Working Groups, Ecosystems, Ecosystems, Natural Hazards Distribution of Fibrous Erionite in the United States and Implications For Human Health Fibrous erionite, a zeolite mineral, has been designated as a human carcinogen by the World Health Organization and is believed to be the cause of extraordinarily high rates of malignant mesothelioma and other asbestos - related diseases in several villages in Central Turkey. A recent study by the University of Hawaii in collaboration with the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency in Dunn County, North Dakota has demonstrated similar human exposures to fibrous erionite as those in found in Turkey. The source of these exposures is an erionite - bearing volcanic tuff that has been mined, crushed, and used to gravel hundreds of miles of roads. While elevated rates of mesothelioma are not yet apparent in North Dakota,... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Downloadable, GeoTIFF, Map Service, Raster; Tags: All Working Groups, Completed, Ecosystems, Energy and Minerals, Human Health, All tags... erionite, Fewer tags Ecological Forecasting Workshop Natural resource managers are coping with rapid changes in both environmental conditions and ecosystems. Enabled by recent advances in data collection and assimilation, short-term ecological forecasting may be a powerful tool to help resource managers anticipate impending changes in ecosystem dynamics (that is, the approaching near-term changes in ecosystems). Managers may use the information in forecasts to minimize the adverse effects of ecological stressors and optimize the effectiveness of management actions. To explore the potential for ecological forecasting to enhance natural resource management, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) convened a workshop titled “Building capacity for Applied Short-Term Ecological... Categories: Project; Tags: Active, All Working Groups, Ecological Forecasting, Ecosystems, Land Resources, All tags... Water, Fewer tags Modeling species response to environmental change: development of integrated, scalable Bayesian models of population persistence Estimating species response to environmental change is a key challenge for ecologists and a core mission of the USGS. Effective forecasting of species response requires models that are detailed enough to capture critical processes and at the same time general enough to allow broad application. This tradeoff is difficult to reconcile with most existing methods. We propose to extend and combine existing models that operate at different scales and with different levels of data complexity into a modeling framework that will allow robust estimation of population response to environmental change across a species’ range. This integrated modeling is now possible with the increasing development and application of population... Categories: Project; Tags: Active, All Working Groups, Bayesian, Climate, Ecosystems, All tags... Land Resources, Species, environmental change, Fewer tags Accounting for U.S. ecosystem services at national and subnational scales Ecosystem services - the benefits that nature provides to society and the economy - are gaining increasing traction worldwide as governments and the private sector use them to monitor integrated environmental and economic trends. When they are well understood and managed, ecosystems can provide these long-term benefits to people - such as clean air and water, flood control, crop pollination, and recreational, cultural, and aesthetic benefits. Within the U.S. government, a memo issued by the White House Council on Environmental Quality in October 2015 charged agencies with incorporating these values in planning, investment, and regulatory processes. Natural capital accounting - a tool being used in dozens of countries... Categories: Project; Tags: Active, All Working Groups, Biology and Ecosystems, Ecosystem Services, Ecosystems, All tags... Land Resources, Land Resources, Fewer tags Status of butterflies in the United States The pervasive nature of insect species’ declines has led to the specter of an “Insect Armageddon” in the popular press. Insect-derived ecosystem services are valued at > $57 billion in the U.S. and thus the loss of insects has the potential to fundamentally disrupt natural and economic systems.The causes of insect declines have been linked to changes in climate, land use and pesticide use, but there is little consensus on the relative importance of these drivers. There is even less consensus about which species are at most risk and about how to mitigate declines and recover populations. Systematic evaluations of trends across insect taxa in North America are needed as there are none based on systematic monitoring... Categories: Project; Tags: Active, All Working Groups, Ecosystems, Ecosystems, Ecosystems, All tags... Land Resources, Land Resources, Land Resources, Fewer tags Forecasting Mosquito Phenology in a Shifting Climate: Synthesizing Continental-scale Monitoring Data Climate change is expected to have significant effects on the phenology of vectors of arthropod-borne diseases, particularly mosquitoes. However, forecasting the direction and magnitude of future phenological shifts requires a more detailed understanding of the climate drivers of mosquito phenology. Addressing this knowledge gap is particularly salient for mosquitoes, as they have the potential to affect human health through transmission of zoonotic disease. While models based on climate and mosquito life history have been created at local or regional scales, national-scale predictions of the timing of mosquito activity are not readily available for the U.S. Our workshop proposes to synthesize primary data on mosquito... Categories: Project; Tags: Active, All Working Groups, Ecosystems, Land Resources Developing the next generation of USGS resource assessments Resource assessments constitute a key part of the USGS mission, and represent a crucial contribution toward Department of the Interior (DOI) and broader Federal objectives. Current USGS energy and mineral assessment methods evaluate total technically recoverable resources (energy) or economically exploitable materials (minerals); the fiscal year 2010 budget for this work is $82M. To help stakeholders respond to escalating national and worldwide demand for energy, mineral, water, and biological resources, the USGS will expand existing assessment methods to include the environmental and human-health impacts of resource extraction and use, along with multi-resource dependencies and conflicts. This Powell Center working... Categories: Project; Tags: All Working Groups, Completed, Ecosystems, Energy and Minerals, Resource, All tags... Resource Assessment, Fewer tags Next Generation of Ecological Indicators: Defining Which Microbial Properties Matter Most to Ecosystem Function and How to Measure Them While it is widely recognized that microorganisms are intimately linked with every biogeochemical cycle in all ecosystems, it is not clear how and when microbial dynamics constrain ecosystem processes. As a result, it is know clear how to apply the value of increasingly detailed characterization of microbial properties to our understanding of ecosystem ecology. Several recent papers have demonstrated how information about microbial dynamics can be incorporated into ecosystem models (Allison et al. 2010, McGuire and Treseder 2010, Todd - Brown et al. 2011a), but it is generally not clear what types of microbial data are most useful in explaining variation in biogeochemical processes and ecosystem functioning, especially... Categories: Project; Tags: Active, All Working Groups, Ecosystems, Ecosystems, Land Resources, All tags... Microbes, Fewer tags Capture-recapture meets big data: integrating statistical classification with ecological models of species abundance and occurrence Advances in new technologies such as remote cameras, noninvasive genetics and bioacoustics provide massive quantities of electronic data. Much work has been done on automated (“machine learning”) methods of classification which produce “sample class designations” (e.g., identification of species or individuals) that are regarded as observed data in ecological models. However, these “data” are actually derived quantities (or synthetic data) and subject to various important sources of bias and error. If the derived quantities are used to make ecological determinations without consideration of these biases, those inferences which inform monitoring, conservation, and management will be flawed. We propose to develop... Categories: Project; Tags: Active, All Working Groups, Classification, Core Science Systems, Ecological Modelling, All tags... Ecological Modelling, Ecosystems, Ecosystems, Machine learning, ecosystem ecology, synthesis, Fewer tags Global Evaluation of the Impacts of Storms on freshwater Habitat and Structure of phytoplankton Assemblages (GEISHA) Climate change is expected to cause more intense and frequent extreme weather events, but we only have a basic understanding of how these events might alter freshwater systems. Storms are likely to impact lake systems through delivery of sediments from watersheds and mixing of the water column, both of which could have important consequences for phytoplankton. Phytoplankton are the base of the food web; their community configuration and how the community changes across seasons have large impacts on ecosystem processes such as energy flow, nutrient cycling, and carbon cycling. External disturbances may abruptly alter phytoplankton community dynamics and thus impact ecosystem function. The effects of storms on the... Categories: Project; Tags: Active, All Working Groups, Ecosystems, GEISHA, Habitat, All tags... Storms, Water, Water Resources, Fewer tags Assessing Climate Impacts and Adaptation for Biodiversity and Natural Resources in San Diego County The Mediterranean ecosystems of southern California are some of the most ecologically diverse systems in the world. The diversity of plants and animals, as well as high rates of endemism, make the area a biodiversity hotspot. High diversity in plant and animal species contributes greatly to the health and productivity of ecosystems, and plays an important role in the local and state economy (e.g. tourism, food crops, etc.). San Diego County's complex topography, highly variable precipitation and climate play a large role in determining the biology of the region. Changing temperatures and precipitation patterns due to climate change would alter the region's climate and add to other stressors such as habitat fragmentation... Categories: Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2017, Birds, CASC, Completed, Mammals, All tags... Other Wildlife, Plants, Projects by Region, Science Tools for Managers, Science Tools for Managers, Southwest, Southwest CASC, State of the Science, State of the Science, Wildlife and Plants, Wildlife and Plants, climate, ecosystems, vulnerability, Fewer tags Evaluation and Refinement of a Decision Support Tool for Mottled Duck Habitat Conservation in the Western Gulf Coast Habitat loss and degradation due to urban expansion and other human activities have raised concerns for the Western Gulf Coast Mottled Duck population. This species relies on tidal, palustrine, and agricultural wetlands as well as grasslands for all of its life cycle needs. The disappearance of suitable nesting and brood-rearing habitat is believed to be the primary factor associated with long-term population decline of the mottled duck. One of the first science projects initiated by the GCP LCC was development of a spatially-explicit Decision Support Tool (DST) to help guide conservation and management of habitat for breeding Mottled Ducks in coastal Louisiana and Texas. An important next step is evaluating the... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2015, 2016, ANIMALS/VERTEBRATES, BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION, BIOSPHERE, All tags... BIRDS, Coastal Louisiana, Coastal Texas, DUCKS/GEESE/SWANS, Datasets/Database, Decision Support, EARTH SCIENCE, EARTH SCIENCE, EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS > WETLANDS, ECOSYSTEMS, Federal resource managers, Gulf Coast Prairie Landscape Conservation Cooperative, LA-01, LA-02, LA-03, LA-04, LA-05, LA-06, LCC, LCC Network Science Catalog, Louisiana, MS-04, Monitoring, Mottled Duck, PALUSTRINE WETLANDS, Population & Habitat Evaluation/Projection, Project, Regional & county planners, Report, State agencies, TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS, TX-02, TX-07, TX-08, TX-09, TX-10, TX-14, TX-15, TX-18, TX-22, TX-25, TX-27, TX-29, Texas, WETLANDS, biota, completed, decision support, validation, Fewer tags Teshekpuk Lake Molting Goose Survey In 1957, Henry (Hank) Hansen and Jim King identified important habitat for molting geese in an area now referred to as the Teshekpuk Lake Special Area (TLSA) in northern Alaska. Located within the larger National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska (NPR-AK), the importance of this habitat was reaffirmed by the Secretary of Interior in 1977 with the designation of the TLSA. In 1976, the Waterfowl Department of U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Migratory Bird Management-Alaska (MBM-AK) began conducting aerial goose surveys within an area of the TLSA that they designated as the Traditional Survey Area. These surveys continued through 1978, after which there was a three-year hiatus. Surveys began again in 1982 and continued... Categories: Data, Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: ALPINE/TUNDRA, ANIMALS/VERTEBRATES, ARCTIC TUNDRA, BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION, BIOLOGICAL RECORDS, All tags... BIOSPHERE, BIRDS, CLIMATE INDICATORS, COASTAL LANDFORMS, DUCKS/GEESE/SWANS, EARTH SCIENCE, EARTH SCIENCE, EARTH SCIENCE, EARTH SCIENCE, EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > ANIMALS/VERTEBRATES > BIRDS > LOONS, EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS > LAKE/POND, EARTH SCIENCE > HUMAN DIMENSIONS > HABITAT CONVERSION/FRAGMENTATION, EARTH SCIENCE > HUMAN DIMENSIONS > POPULATION > POPULATION DISTRIBUTION, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS, EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > EARTH GASES/LIQUIDS > PETROLEUM, ECOSYSTEMS, GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES, LAND SURFACE, PALEOCLIMATE INDICATORS, POPULATION ABUNDANCE, Project, SHORELINES, TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS, biota, completed, environment, Fewer tags « 1 2 3 4 »