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An integrated approach for choosing among energy supply- and demand-side measures shows that, compared to business-as-usual demand patterns, global greenhouse-gas emissions can be reduced well below current levels with net economic benefits to society. Given these findings, a 'wait-and-see' stance towards new initiatives in energy and environmental policy is not economically justifiable. Achieving significant emissions reductions, however, will require commitments to policies aimed at enabling energy markets to function more efficiently and supporting legislation where market forces do not suffice.
This paper examines the attitudes and perceptions of 277 American Indians about hunting and fishing, risk, and future land use of the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) in southeastern Idaho. Nearly half of our sample were Shoshone-Bannock tribal members living on the nearby Fort Hall Reservation, and half were American Indians from elsewhere in the western United States. We also interviewed an additional 44 White people. We examine the hypothesis that there are differences in environmental concerns and attitudes toward future land use at INEEL as a function of tribal affiliation (ethnicity), educational level, gender, and age. Such perceptions are important because of the existence...
Agriculture is the leading source of nonpoint-source pollution on a national scale. the driving force of nonpoint-source pollution is the rainfall-runoff process, which is the transformation of rainfall to streamflow. This is a complex, nonlinear, time-varying, and spatially distributed process on the watershed scale that is difficult to effectively model by conventional, deterministic means. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) offer a new approach to forecasting the hydrologic and water quality response of a watershed system. The goal of this work is to develop an ANN model as a long-term forecuating tool for predicting the hydrology and water quality of agricultural watersheds where the physical processes are difficult...