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This dataset is an extract from the GlobCover 2009 land cover map, covering Europe. The GlobCover 2009 land cover map is derived by an automatic and regionally-tuned classification of a time series of global MERIS (MEdium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer) FR mosaics for the year 2009. The global land cover map counts 22 land cover classes defined with the United Nations (UN) Land Cover Classification System (LCCS). For more information on the GlobCover project, see http://ionia1.esrin.esa.int/ Note on display: class 210: Water Bodies is set to "transparent" to improve display in the Data Basin map. Within the extract's extent, no data were removed from the original dataset.
This dataset contains the Flow Direction (FD) for Europe from the Hydrologic Derivatives for Modeling and Analysis (HDMA) database. The data were developed and distributed by processing units. There are 11 processing units for Europe. The distribution files have the number of the processing unit appended to the end of the zip file name (e.g. eu_dem_3_2.zip contains the DEM data for unit 3-2). The HDMA database provides comprehensive and consistent global coverage of raster and vector topographically derived layers, including raster layers of digital elevation model (DEM) data, flow direction, flow accumulation, slope, and compound topographic index (CTI); and vector layers of streams and catchment boundaries. The...
This dataset contains the Compound Topographic Index (CTI) for Greenland from the Hydrologic Derivatives for Modeling and Analysis (HDMA) database. The HDMA database provides comprehensive and consistent global coverage of raster and vector topographically derived layers, including raster layers of digital elevation model (DEM) data, flow direction, flow accumulation, slope, and compound topographic index (CTI); and vector layers of streams and catchment boundaries. The coverage of the data is global (-180º, 180º, -90º, 90º) with the underlying DEM being a hybrid of three datasets: HydroSHEDS (Hydrological data and maps based on SHuttle Elevation Derivatives at multiple Scales), Global Multi-resolution Terrain Elevation...
Faced with the prospect of an [`]energy gap' in the medium term future, the planners of Western Europe have tended to think in terms of nuclear power as the only practicable source capable of meeting demand. This paper strongly contests that view, pointing out that the development of an energy economy based on oil and gas supplies indigenous to Western Europe is likely to be 2-3 times cheaper than the nuclear option. Since a relatively simple analysis points to a strong cost differential in favour of the oil and gas option, the author argues that the situation should be examined in a more refined and sophisticated way, to see if that conclusion is valid. The unthinking acceptance of the nuclear future could prove...
Products other than biofuels are produced in biofuel plants. For example, corn ethanol plants produce distillers' grains and solubles. Soybean crushing plants produce soy meal and soy oil, which is used for biodiesel production. Electricity is generated in sugarcane ethanol plants both for internal consumption and export to the electric grid. Future cellulosic ethanol plants could be designed to co-produce electricity with ethanol. It is important to take co-products into account in the life-cycle analysis of biofuels and several methods are available to do so. Although the International Standard Organization's ISO 14040 advocates the system boundary expansion method (also known as the "displacement method" or the...
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