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We investigated soil compaction and hydrologic responses from mechanically shredding Utah juniper (Juniperus ostesperma [Torr.] Little) to control fuels in a sagebrush/bunchgrass plant community (Artemisia nova A. Nelson, Artemisia tridentata Nutt. subsp. wyomingensis Beetle & Young/Pseudoroegneria spicata [Pursh] A. L�ve, Poa secunda J. Presl) on a gravelly loam soil with a 15% slope in the Onaqui Mountains of Utah. Rain simulations were applied on 0.5-m2 runoff plots at 64 mm � h?1 (dry run: soil initially dry) and 102 mm � h?1 (wet run: soil initially wet). Runoff and sediment were collected from runoff plots placed in five blocks, each containing four microsites (juniper mound, shrub mound, vegetation-free or...
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Dataset includes publicly available geologic and rainfall data, and environmental and ecological data derived or collected for this project. Specifically, water infiltration measurements, interepreted field-saturated hydraulic conductivity values, ungulate activity, vegetation cover, general soil and weather conditions data are included. Soil samples were collected, lab analyzed, and are included in the dataset. Field-collected data are associated with plots that encompassed approximately a 3 x 3 m area; site data represent approximately 20 x 20 m. First posted: 4 March 2020 (available from author) Revised: April 13, 2020 (version 2.0) The revision is provided due to minor refinement of the dataset and updated...
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This map service is an information surface representing the dominant class within the soil map unit polygon for soil drainage class. Each component (and therefore soil map unit polygon) falls into one of the following classes according to NRCS: Very Poorly Drained, Poorly Drained, Somewhat Poorly Drained, Moderately Well Drained, Well Drained, Somewhat Excessively Drained and Excessively Drained. Of soil components which make up greater than or equal to 15% of the soil map unit, the wettest component is reported by the map service. Another service exists for drainage class which reports the dominant class in the soil map unit. The concept is similar but for some purposes knowing the dominant component may be...
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This map service is an information surface representing the dominant class within the soil map unit polygon for soil drainage class. Each component (and therefore soil map unit polygon) falls into one of the following classes according to NRCS: Very Poorly Drained, Poorly Drained, Somewhat Poorly Drained, Moderately Well Drained, Well Drained, Somewhat Excessively Drained and Excessively Drained. The class belonging to the component that makes up the highest percentage of the map unit is reported by the map service. Another service exists for drainage class which reports the wettest class in the soil map unit. The concept is similar but for some purposes knowing the wettest component may be the most useful piece...
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This dataset represents the soil pH from SSURGO and STATSGO soil descriptions for soil map units in the state of southern Alaska that lie within the North Pacific Landscape Conservation Cooperative. Definition The complete definition and official criteria for hydrologic soil groups are available online at (Title 210, National Engineering Handbook, Part 630, Chapter 7, “Hydrologic Soil Groups”). “Hydrologic group” is a group of soils having similar runoff potential under similar storm and cover conditions. Soil properties that influence runoff potential are those that influence the minimum rate of infiltration for a bare soil after prolonged wetting and when not frozen. These properties are depth to a seasonal...
Rainfall simulation experiments were performed on 25 plots of varying microphytic crust cover in a wooded semiarid rangeland in eastern Australia. Under a rainfall intensity of 45 mm h-1, steady-state infiltration ranged from 5 mm h-1 to 41 mm h-1, but there was no effect of cover on this or any of the other soil hydrological variables measured. When disturbed plots with low cover (<15% cover) were excluded from the analyses, significant increases in time to ponding were associated with increases in crust cover. Despite some significant relationships, however, crust cover was an insignificant predictor of soil hydrological status at this site. We attribute this to the well-structured nature of the soils at the site,...
Toxic contaminants and naturally occurring substances found in the subsurface can exist in multiple phases, and undergo complex reactions including biodegradation. A comprehensive and quantitative understanding of the processes controlling the fate and transport of subsurface contaminants is necessary to develop policies and strategies for managing water-quality conditions in different land use and environmental settings. Numerical models that simulate flow, transport, and reactions are useful tools for understanding the fate of chemicals in the subsurface when used in conjunction with field and laboratory studies. The research efforts of this project consider flow and chemical behavior in the saturated and unsaturated...
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This dataset represents the soil hydrologic group from SSURGO and STATSGO soil descriptions for soil map units in the state of northern California that lie within the North Pacific Landscape Conservation Cooperative. Definition The complete definition and official criteria for hydrologic soil groups are available online at (Title 210, National Engineering Handbook, Part 630, Chapter 7, “Hydrologic Soil Groups”). “Hydrologic group” is a group of soils having similar runoff potential under similar storm and cover conditions. Soil properties that influence runoff potential are those that influence the minimum rate of infiltration for a bare soil after prolonged wetting and when not frozen. These properties are...
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This model archive documents the Soil-Water-Balance (SWB) model used to simulate potential recharge for portions of Pennsylvania and Maryland from 2000 to 2021. The Pennsylvania and Maryland SWB model was used to create output at a 250 meter grid scale. Model parameters were adjusted using baseflow estimates from 36 reference watersheds varying in area from 0.37 to 817 square miles. The simulations were used to create 21-year grids of annual potential recharge and evapotranspiration, and the sensitivity of the model to parameter adjustments. The model archive includes all the files used in the sensitivity model runs, which are described in the accompanying Scientific Investigations Report 2022-5054. The directory...
Various processes within the unsaturated zone affect ground-water availability and portability, as well as concentrations of water vapor and trace gases in the atmosphere. The rate at which precipitation or applied irrigation water infiltrates, its redistribution following infiltration, and the partitioning of the redistributed soil moisture between ground-water recharge and evapotranspiration affect the rate at which the ground-water reservoir is replenished and the degree to which ground water might be contaminated by chemical applications, spills, or disposal. Consequently, knowledge of and methods to quantitatively measure and predict these processes are needed to determine the impact of such societal practices...
Research Objectives: Brian uses field and laboratory measurements combined with numerical modeling to understand hydrologic processes and problems in disturbed landscapes. His research seeks to understand water and solute movement, plant community recovery, and the changes in hydrologic processes and associated water resources after landscape disturbances. Brian's work spans multiple scales, investigating the plot- and catchment-scale processes that dictate the emergent behaviors observed at watershed scales. Additional research interests include hydrologically-driven slope failure, sediment transport, soil physics, contaminant transport, and surface-water/groundwater interaction.
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This dataset represents the soil hydrologic group from SSURGO and STATSGO soil descriptions for soil map units in the state of western Washington that lie within the North Pacific Landscape Conservation Cooperative. Definition The complete definition and official criteria for hydrologic soil groups are available online at (Title 210, National Engineering Handbook, Part 630, Chapter 7, “Hydrologic Soil Groups”). “Hydrologic group” is a group of soils having similar runoff potential under similar storm and cover conditions. Soil properties that influence runoff potential are those that influence the minimum rate of infiltration for a bare soil after prolonged wetting and when not frozen. These properties are...
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These data were released prior to the October 1, 2016 effective date for the USGS’s policy dictating the review, approval, and release of scientific data as referenced in USGS Survey Manual Chapter 502.8 Fundamental Science Practices: Review and Approval of Scientific Data for Release. This digital data set defines the model grid and infiltration values simulated in the transient ground-water flow model of the Death Valley regional ground-water flow system (DVRFS), an approximately 45,000 square-kilometer region of southern Nevada and California. The DVRFS model grid is north-south-oriented, consists of 194 rows and 160 columns, and has a constant grid-cell spacing of 1,500 meters. Model cells are attributed with...
Categories: pre-SM502.8; Tags: Amargosa Desert, Ash Meadows, California, California Valley, Chicago Valley, All tags...
Ring-shaped growth patterns commonly occur in resource-limited arid and semi-arid environments. The spatial distribution, geometry, and scale of vegetation growth patterns result from interactions between biotic and abiotic processes, and, in turn, affect the spatial patterns of soil moisture, sediment transport, and nutrient dynamics in aridland ecosystems. Even though grass ring patterns are observed worldwide, a comprehensive understanding of the biotic and abiotic processes that lead to the formation, growth and breakup of these rings is still lacking. Our studies on patterns of infiltration and soil properties of blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis) grass rings in the northern Chihuahuan desert indicate that ring...
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This data release includes minidisk infiltration data as well as geographic data showing the location of each measurement from the Woolsey Fire, Los Angeles County, CA, USA. The Woolsey Fire burned between November 8-21, 2018. Minidisk infiltration data were obtained on November 19-21, 2018, while portions of the fire were uncontained, and prior to any rainfall. The infiltration data are in the comma separated variable (csv) files with the prefix: woolsey_minidisks followed by the site name. For example, the data obtained at site WD-1 are in the file named: woolsey_minidisks_WD-1.csv. Within each csv file there are 5 columns: Level (mL) – the level of the falling head in the minidisk, Minutes, Seconds, and Suction...
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The U.S. Geological Survey Pacific Islands Water Science Center and the University of Hawaii at Manoa Department of Geography, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Interior Pacific Islands Climate Adaptation Science Center initiated a field data-collection program as part of a study to quantify the impacts of drought on water resources and the importance of cloud-water interception in mitigating the impacts of drought (see Related External Resources link below). The goal of the data-collection program is to provide information for evaluating the role that cloud-water interception in Hawaii’s rain forests has in providing moisture for plants, reducing wildfire risk within the fog zone, and contributing to groundwater...
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The objective of this project was to evaluate the potential for biochar soil amendments to mitigate agricultural drought by characterizing their impacts on soil hydraulics and plant growth across a range of agricultural soil conditions. This data set contains soil water infiltration measurements using Beerkan infiltration rings in four Oregon agricultural soils amended with biochar. Gasified biochars made from wheat straw (AgEnergy, Spokane, WA) and conifer wood (BioLogical, Philomath, OR) were tilled into soils at experimental stations in Madras (loam), Pendleton (silt loam), Aurora (sandy loam), and Klamath Falls (loamy sand). The biochars were incorporated by tillage in fall 2016 to a depth of 12 cm at rates...
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This map service is an information surface which displays the hydrologic soil group class of each soil map unit based upon the dominant component in the soil map unit. Hydrologic soil groups are based on estimates of runoff potential. Soils are assigned to one of four groups according to the rate of water infiltration when the soils are not protected by vegetation, are thoroughly wet, and receive precipitation from long-duration storms. The soils in the United States are assigned to four groups (A, B, C, and D) and three dual classes (A/D, B/D, and C/D). The groups are defined as follows: Group A. Soils having a high infiltration rate (low runoff potential) when thoroughly wet. These consist mainly of deep, well...
map background search result map search result map Wettest Soil Drainage Class Dominant Soil Drainage Class Dominant Soil Hydrologic Group Soil hydrologic group for the North Pacific Landscape Conservation Cooperative- southern Alaska (a), USA Soil hydrologic group for the North Pacific Landscape Conservation Cooperative- western Oregon, USA Soil hydrologic group for the North Pacific Landscape Conservation Cooperative- western Washington, USA Soil water infiltration in four biochar-amended soils from Oregon, 2018 Summary of soil field-saturated hydraulic conductivity, hydrophobicity, and preferential-flow measurements and soil laboratory-testing results collected at three sites on the islands of Maui and Hawaii, Hawaii, July 2016–January 2018 Hawaiian Islands datasets quantifying the effects of invasive animals and plants on native forests across the archipelago 2019 (ver. 2.0 April 2020) Woolsey Fire Infiltration Measurements 19-21 November 2018 Santa Monica Mountains, CA Soil-Water-Balance (SWB) model archive used to simulate water budget components in Pennsylvania and Maryland, 2000-2020 Model grid and infiltration values for the transient ground-water flow model, Death Valley regional ground-water flow system, Nevada and California Woolsey Fire Infiltration Measurements 19-21 November 2018 Santa Monica Mountains, CA Summary of soil field-saturated hydraulic conductivity, hydrophobicity, and preferential-flow measurements and soil laboratory-testing results collected at three sites on the islands of Maui and Hawaii, Hawaii, July 2016–January 2018 Soil-Water-Balance (SWB) model archive used to simulate water budget components in Pennsylvania and Maryland, 2000-2020 Model grid and infiltration values for the transient ground-water flow model, Death Valley regional ground-water flow system, Nevada and California Hawaiian Islands datasets quantifying the effects of invasive animals and plants on native forests across the archipelago 2019 (ver. 2.0 April 2020) Soil hydrologic group for the North Pacific Landscape Conservation Cooperative- western Washington, USA Soil water infiltration in four biochar-amended soils from Oregon, 2018 Soil hydrologic group for the North Pacific Landscape Conservation Cooperative- western Oregon, USA Soil hydrologic group for the North Pacific Landscape Conservation Cooperative- southern Alaska (a), USA Wettest Soil Drainage Class Dominant Soil Drainage Class Dominant Soil Hydrologic Group