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The point data file ("Soda Fire Point and Pasture Data (2016).Point Data.csv") includes 2016 vegetative cover values of exotic annual grass and perennial grass measured within three different types of plots for 75 pastures in the Soda Fire, which burned in 2015: 6m² plot using a grid-point intercept photo software, SamplePoint (Booth et al. 2006), 1m² quadrat using an unguided rapid ocular estimate in the field, 531m² circular plot using an unguided rapid ocular estimate in the field. Smaller plots were nested within larger plots. The pasture data file ("Soda Fire Point and Pasture Data (2016).Pasture Data.csv") includes pasture level metrics of area, elevation, precipitation, slope, heatload, soils, and herbicide...
This paper reports on a project to compare predictions from a range of catchment models applied to a mesoscale river basin in central Germany and to assess various ensemble predictions of catchment streamflow. The models encompass a large range in inherent complexity and input requirements. In approximate order of decreasing complexity, they are DHSVM, MIKE-SHE, TOPLATS, WASIM-ETH, SWAT, PRMS, SLURP, HBV, LASCAM and IHACRES. The models are calibrated twice using different sets of input data. The two predictions from each model are then combined by simple averaging to produce a single-model ensemble. The 10 resulting single-model ensembles are combined in various ways to produce multi-model ensemble predictions....
Well-established conservation planning principles and techniques framed by geodesign were used to assess the restorability of areas that historically supported coastal wetlands along the U.S. shore of Saginaw Bay. The resulting analysis supported planning efforts to identify, prioritize, and track wetland restoration opportunity and investment in the region. To accomplish this, publicly available data, criteria derived from the regional managers and local stakeholders, and geospatial analysis were used to form an ecological model for spatial prioritization.
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This dataset consists of a series of rasters covering the conterminous United States. Each raster is a one kilometer (km) grid for 18 selected Census of Agriculture statistics mapped to land use pixels for the time period 1950 to 2012. A supplemental set of 9 statistics mapped at the entire county level are also provided as 1-km rasters. The rasters are posted as ArcGIS grids. The statistics represent values for crops, livestock, irrigation, fertilizer, and manure usage. Most statistics are mapped for all 14 Census of Agriculture reporting years in that time frame: 1950, 1954, 1959, 1964, 1969, 1974, 1978, 1982, 1987, 1992, 1997, 2002, 2007, and 2012.
......Scaling Up Alternative Energy Out of Site Eli...neighborhoods and threaten wildlife? Around the world...and other renewable-energy sources. Around the...views to threats to wildlife, air traffic, and...National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL......
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Anthropogenic impervious surfaces affect hydrology, water quality, and ecological health and are widely studied. Previous studies have been limited, however, by a lack of consistent representation of imperviousness nationally as a time series prior to 2001. This product presents estimated imperviousness at 60-meter spatial resolution, for the time periods 1974, 1982, 1992, 2002, and 2012. The mapping was derived by comparing imperviousness from the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2011 to national land use from the 2012 U.S. Geological Survey NAWQA Wall-to-wall Anthropogenic Land Use Trends (NWALT) product. The NWALT land use product includes a series of 60-m national rasters, containing 18 land use classes,...
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This dataset is the output of a python script/ArcGIS model that identifes dikes as having a difference in elevation above a certain threshold. If the elevation difference was below a certain threshold the area was not considered a dike; however, if the difference in elevation between two points was significantly high then the area was marked as a dike. Areas continuous with eachother were considered part of the same dike. Post processing occured. Users examined the data output, comparing the proposed dike locations to aerial imagery, flowline data, and the DEM. Dikes that appeared to be false positives were deleted from the data set.
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This dataset contains data supporting the paper: DeCrappeo, N.M., DeLorenze, E.J., Giguere, A.T., Pyke, D.A., and Bottomley, P.J. Fungal and bacterial contributions to nitrogen cycling in cheatgrass-invaded and uninvaded native sagebrush soils of the western USA (accepted at the journal Plant and Soil). The purpose of the study was to evaluate the relative contributions of soil bacteria and fungi to inorganic nitrogen (N) cycling in sagebrush and cheatgrass-invaded soils using a 15N isotope dilution experiment. Soils were collected from sagebrush and cheatgrass rhizospheres at six paired sites in southwest Idaho and southeast Oregon. In order to partition the contribution of each microbial group to N cycling, soils...
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Tsunamis have the potential to cause considerable damage to communities along the U.S. Pacific Northwest coastline. As coastal communities expand over time, the potential societal impact of tsunami inundation changes. To understand how community exposure to tsunami hazards may change in coming decades, we projected future development (i.e. urban, residential, and rural), households, and residents over a 50-year period (2011-2061) along the Washington, Oregon, and northern California coasts. We created a spatially explicit, land use/land cover, state-and-transition simulation model to project future developed land use based on historical development trends. We then compared our development projection results to tsunami-hazard...
Growing concern about climate change and energy security has led to increasing interest in developing renewable, domestic energy sources for meeting electricity, heating and fuel needs in the United States. Illinois has significant potential to produce bioenergy crops, including corn, soybeans, miscanthus (Miscanthus giganteus), and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum). However, land requirements for bioenergy crops place them in competition with more traditional agricultural uses, in particular food production. Additionally, environmental and economic conditions, including soil quality, climate, and variable agricultural costs, vary significantly across Illinois. The intent of this study is to examine the spatial and...
Understanding how changes in land use affect water quality of public supply wells (PSW) is important because of the strong influence of land use on water quality, the rapid pace at which changes in land use are occurring in some parts of the world, and the large contribution of groundwater to the global water supply. In this study, groundwater flow models incorporating particle tracking and reaction were used to analyze the response of water quality in PSW to land use change in four communities: Modesto, California (Central Valley aquifer); York, Nebraska (High Plains aquifer); Woodbury, Connecticut (Glacial aquifer); and Tampa, Florida (Floridan aquifer). The water quality response to measured and hypothetical...
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This dataset is the output of a python script/ArcGIS model that identifes dikes as having a difference in elevation above a certain threshold. If the elevation difference was below a certain threshold the area was not considered a dike; however, if the difference in elevation between two points was significantly high then the area was marked as a dike. Areas continuous with eachother were considered part of the same dike. Post processing occured. Users examined the data output, comparing the proposed dike locations to aerial imagery, flowline data, and the DEM. Dikes that appeared to be false positives were deleted from the data set.
The Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center was formally established in 1965 in Jamestown, North Dakota. Over its 50-year history, its scientists have produced more than 1750 publications and reports, covering a wide range of science. This data release is a list of all publications and reports, including journal articles, book and book chapters, government reports, papers from conference proceedings, and reports associated with non-governmental organizations.
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This is a spatially-explicit state-and-transition simulation model of rangeland vegetation dynamics in southwest South Dakota. It was co-designed with resource management partners to support scenario planning for climate change adaptation. The study site encompasses part of multiple jurisdictions, including Badlands National Park, Buffalo Gap National Grasslands, and Pine Ridge Indian Reservation. The model represents key vegetation types, grazing, exotic plants, fire, and the effects of climate and management on rangeland productivity and composition (i.e., distribution of ecological community phases). See Miller et al. (2017) for further details. The model was built using the ST-Sim software platform (www.apexrms.com/stsm)....
Quantifying landscape dynamics is a central goal of landscape ecology, and numerous metrics have been developed to measure the influence of human activities on natural landscapes. Composite scores that characterize human modifications to landscapes have gained widespread use. A parsimonious alternative is to estimate the proportion of a cover type (i.e. natural) within a spatial neighborhood to characterize both compositional and structural aspects of natural landscapes. Here I extend this approach into a multi-scale, integrated metric and apply it to national datasets on land cover, housing density, road existence, and highway traffic volume to measure the dynamics of natural landscapes in the conterminous US....
......Scaling Up Alternative Energy Other Siting Problems...buildings, threatening wildlife, and polluting aquifers...forms of renewable energy are facing siting problems...buildings. Building solar energy installations can threaten wildlife. And storing billions......
Methane and nitrous oxide are potent greenhouse gases whose atmospheric abundances have increased significantly in the past 200 years, together accounting for approximately half of the radiative forcing associated with increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide. In order to understand the factors causing increase of these gases globally, we need to determine their emission rates at regional to continental scales. We directly link atmospheric observations with surface emissions using a Lagrangian Particle Dispersion Model, and then determine emission rates by optimizing prior emissions estimates. We use measurements from NOAA's tall tower and aircraft program in 2004, The Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport...
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Monitoring shoreline change is of interest in many coastal areas because it enables quantification of land loss over time. Evolution of shoreline position is determined by the balance between erosion and accretion along the coast. In the case of salt marshes, erosion along the water boundary causes a loss of ecosystem services, such as habitat provision, carbon storage, and wave attenuation. In terms of vulnerability, higher shoreline erosion rates indicate higher vulnerability. This dataset displays shoreline change rates at the Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge (EBFNWR), which spans over Great Bay, Little Egg Harbor, and Barnegat Bay in New Jersey, USA. Shoreline change rates are based on...
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Climate often drives ungulate population dynamics, and as climates change, some areas may become unsuitable for species persistence. Unraveling the relationships between climate and population dynamics, and projecting them across time, advances ecological understanding that informs and steers sustainable conservation for species. Using pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) as an ecological model, we used a Bayesian approach to analyze long-term population, precipitation, and temperature data from 18 populations in the southwestern United States. We determined which long-term (12 and 24 months) or short-term (gestation trimester and lactation period) climatic conditions best predicted annual rate of population growth...
map background search result map search result map National 1-kilometer rasters of selected Census of Agriculture statistics allocated to land use for the time period 1950 to 2012 Connecting River Systems Restoration Assessment Dikes Western Lake Erie Restoration Assessment Dikes Coefficient-based consistent mapping of imperviousness in the conterminous U.S. at 60-m resolution for 1974, 1982, 1992, 2002, and 2012 Cottonwood Lake Study Area - Water Chemistry - Wetlands Projecting community changes in hazard exposure to support long-term risk reduction: a case study of tsunami hazards in the U.S. Pacific Northwest Nitrogen cycling rates from sagebrush and cheatgrass-invaded soils in the Northern Great Basin (2008) State-and-transition simulation model of rangeland vegetation in southwest South Dakota (1969-2050) Impact of Drought on Southwestern Pronghorn Population Trends and Predicted Trajectories in the Southwest in the Face of Climate Change Shoreline change rates in salt marsh units in Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, New Jersey Exotic and perennial grass cover for pastures in the Soda Fire (2016) Cottonwood Lake Study Area - Water Chemistry - Wetlands Shoreline change rates in salt marsh units in Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, New Jersey Connecting River Systems Restoration Assessment Dikes Exotic and perennial grass cover for pastures in the Soda Fire (2016) Western Lake Erie Restoration Assessment Dikes State-and-transition simulation model of rangeland vegetation in southwest South Dakota (1969-2050) Nitrogen cycling rates from sagebrush and cheatgrass-invaded soils in the Northern Great Basin (2008) Projecting community changes in hazard exposure to support long-term risk reduction: a case study of tsunami hazards in the U.S. Pacific Northwest Impact of Drought on Southwestern Pronghorn Population Trends and Predicted Trajectories in the Southwest in the Face of Climate Change Coefficient-based consistent mapping of imperviousness in the conterminous U.S. at 60-m resolution for 1974, 1982, 1992, 2002, and 2012 National 1-kilometer rasters of selected Census of Agriculture statistics allocated to land use for the time period 1950 to 2012