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Large predators and trophic cascades in terrestrial ecosystems of the western United States Large predators potentially can help shape the structure and functioning of terrestrial ecosystems, yet strong evidence of top-down herbivore limitation has not been widely reported in the scientific literature. Herein we synthesize outcomes of recent tri-trophic cascades studies involving the presence and absence of large predators for five national parks in the western United States, including Olympic, Yosemite, Yellowstone, Zion, and Wind Cave. Historical observations by park biologists regarding woody browse species and recently compiled age structure data for deciduous trees indicate major impacts to woody plant communities by ungulates following the extirpation or displacement of large predators. Declines... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation, Journal Citation; Tags: Biological Conservation, National parks, Predators, Response ratio, Trophic cascades, All tags... Ungulates, plant community, Fewer tags The odors of predators influence the behavior of the silky pocket mouse, Perognathus flavus (Rodentia) Studies were conducted to assess the behavioral responses of silky pocket mice, Perognathus flavus, to test odors associated with two naturally occurring predators (northern grasshopper mouse, Onychomys leucogaster, and Norway rat, Rattus norvegicus), a novel test odor (sugar glider, Petaurus breviceps), and a control odor (water). Pocket mice were tested in a chamber in which they had access to two cages containing food; one of these cages contained no odor (control), while the other contained a predator odor. When both cages contained no test odors, pocket mice showed no preference for one cage over the other; they spent equivalent amounts of time in and in front of each cage, and in the frequency of feeding bouts... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation, Journal Citation; Tags: Mammalia, Perognathus flavus, Walter de Gruyter, avoidance behavior, odors, All tags... predators, rodents, Fewer tags Ground-dwelling arthropod composition, Colorado River, Grand Canyon, 2009—Data These data were compiled from pitfall traps deployed at three sites, along a 25 kilometers (km) stretch of the Colorado River, immediately downstream of Glen Canyon Dam, in Glen Canyon National Recreation Area. Each site had both pre and post-dam riparian habitats present. The purpose of the sampling was to determine if arthropod abundance, diversity and feeding guilds differed between habitats. Sampling for ground-dwelling arthropods using pitfall traps occurred continuously between June 17 and September 9, 2009. The site numbering proceeds from Glen Canyon Dam to Lees Ferry. Transects were composed of 10 pitfall traps approximately 10 meters apart in a line parallel with the river in both zones (Upper riparian... Types: Citation; Tags: Ants, Arachnida, Arthropod abundance, Arthropod sampling, Coleoptera, All tags... Colorado River, Detritivores, Feeding guilds, Glen Canyon, Glen Canyon Dam, Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, Ground-dwelling arthropods, Herbivores, Hymenoptera, Lees Ferry, Lower riparian zone, Omnivores, Post-dam habitat, Pre-dam habitat, Predators, Regulated river, Riparian habitats, Transects, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Upper riparian zone, pitfall traps, Fewer tags