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Understanding the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration is critical for predicting the response of ecosystems to climate change, yet the microbial communities responsible are rarely considered explicitly in studies or models. In this study, we assessed total microbial community composition, quantified bacterial respiration temperature response, and investigated the temperature dependence of bacterial carbon substrate utilization in tropical, temperate, and taiga soils (from Puerto Rico, California, and Alaska). Microbial community composition was characterized using phospholipid fatty acid analysis. Bacterial community respiration on a standardized set of substrates was ascertained using the BiOLOG™ substrate...
Riparian zones in boreal areas such as humid landscapes on minerogenic soils are characterized by diverse, productive, and dynamic vegetation which will rapidly react to climate change. Climate-change models predict that in most parts of the boreal region these zones will be affected by various combinations of increased temperature, less seasonal variation in runoff, increased average discharge, changes in groundwater supply, and a more dynamic ice regime. Increasing temperatures will favor invasion of exotic species whereas species losses are likely to be minor. The hydrologic changes will cause a narrowing of the riparian zone and, therefore, locally reduce species richness whereas effects on primary production...
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Although reliable figures are often missing, considerable detrimental changes due to shrinking glaciers are universally expected for water availability in river systems under the influence of ongoing global climate change. We estimate the contribution potential of seasonally delayed glacier melt water to total water availability in large river systems. We find that the seasonally delayed glacier contribution is largest where rivers enter seasonally arid regions and negligible in the lowlands of river basins governed by monsoon climates. By comparing monthly glacier melt contributions with population densities in different altitude bands within each river basin, we demonstrate that strong human dependence on glacier...
Reconstructing climates of the past relies on a variety of evidence from a large number of sites to capture the varied features of climate and the spatial heterogeneity of climate change. This review summarizes available information from diverse Holocene paleoenvironmental records across eastern Beringia (Alaska, westernmost Canada and adjacent seas), and it quantifies the primary trends of temperature- and moisture-sensitive records based in part on midges, pollen, and biogeochemical indicators (compiled in the recently published Arctic Holocene database, and updated here to v2.1). The composite time series from these proxy records are compared with new summaries of mountain-glacier and lake-level fluctuations,...
Large-scale millennial length Northern Hemisphere (NH) temperature reconstructions have been progressively improved over the last 20 years as new datasets have been developed. This paper, and its companion (Part II, Anchukaitis et al. in prep), details the latest tree-ring (TR) based NH land air temperature reconstruction from a temporal and spatial perspective. This work is the first product of a consortium called N-TREND (Northern Hemisphere Tree-Ring Network Development) which brings together dendroclimatologists to identify a collective strategy for improving large-scale summer temperature reconstructions. The new reconstruction, N-TREND2015, utilises 54 records, a significant expansion compared with previous...
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Given that segments of the local community have variously expressed reservations both about options that leave the dust in place and those that bring the dust to surface, the Technical Advisor recommends that at least two alternatives be taken through to public consultation. One of the alternatives carried forward should be the best in situ (“leave underground”) alternative, and one should be the best ex situ (“take it out”) alternative. The Technical Advisor believes that the best in situ alternative is Alternative B3, isolating the arsenic trioxide dust in its current location by creating a frozen block, monitoring in perpetuity, and maintaining isolation by periodic re-freezing. The ground freezing alternatives...
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Solifluction lobe process and morphology were studied on an alpine slope (1800 m a.s.l) above Kluane Lake, south-western Yukon Territory. Contemporary rates of surface movements, measured by theodolite survey, were found to be greatest in the first two weeks of spring thaw, and movements were consistently faster on lobe treads than on lobe risers. Precise monitoring of thaw-consolidation parameters on a lobe indicated that most thaw-settlement occurred when the soil was saturated to the surface. At the slope scale, surface rates increased downslope in response to gradients in soil moisture, while long-term rates of lobe advance, inferred from 14 C dating of buried organic horizons, were found to be similar among...
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PURPOSE: Alternatives for the planning and management of 6.7 million acres of public lands and resources administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), Eastern Interior and Central Yukon field offices, Alaska are proposed. The lands covered by the proposed Resource Management Plan (RMP) include the White Mountains National Recreation Area (NRA), Steese National Conservation Area (NCA), Fortymile area, three wild and scenic rivers, and lands in the upper Black River and greater Fairbanks area currently not included in a land use plan. While the planning area is bounded by the Elliott and Dalton Highways on the West, the Alaska Highway on the South, and has the Steese and Taylor Highways within its boundaries,...
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PURPOSE: The exchange of lands between the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and Doyon, Limited is proposed to enhance the Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge of Alaska. Since the refuge was established in 1980, Doyon has been interested in acquiring federal oil and gas interests in the south-central portion of dedicated area. Under the terms of an agreement in principle between the FWS and Doyon, the U.S. government would receive fee title to at least 150,000 acres of Doyon lands, including both surface and subsurface rights, with priority fish and wildlife habitats that can be incorporated into the refuge. Doyon would receive fee title to approximately 110,000 acres of refuge lands, including both surface...
Aquatic resource managers are continually faced with construction or site development proposals which, if allowed to proceed, would ultimately alter the physical structure and cover of fish habitat. In the absence of clear quantitative guidelines linking the change in habitat to fish, resource managers often use the change in habitat area as a basis for decisions. To assess the weight of scientific evidence in support of management decisions, we summarized both the observational and experimental freshwater fish-habitat literature. We then extracted data from experimental studies (where possible) for inclusion in a meta-analysis, to provide a more rigorous assessment of the published results of experimental habitat...
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PURPOSE: The exchange of lands between the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and Doyon, Limited is proposed to enhance the Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge of Alaska. Since the refuge was established in 1980, Doyon has been interested in acquiring federal oil and gas interests in the south-central portion of dedicated area. Under the terms of an agreement in principle between the FWS and Doyon, the U.S. government would receive fee title to at least 150,000 acres of Doyon lands, including both surface and subsurface rights, with priority fish and wildlife habitats that can be incorporated into the refuge. Doyon would receive fee title to approximately 110,000 acres of refuge lands, including both surface...
map background search result map search result map Six millennia of summer temperature variation based on midge analysis of lake sediments from Alaska How and why is Aquatic Quality Changing at Nahanni National Park Reserve, NWT, Canada? Remediating and monitoring white phosphorus contamination at Eagle River Flats (operable unit C), Fort Richardson, Alaska Permafrost conditions near shorelines of oriented lakes in Old Crow Flats, Yukon Territory    YUKON FLATS NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE LAND EXCHANGE, ALASKA. [Part 1 of 3] YUKON FLATS NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE LAND EXCHANGE, ALASKA. [Part 2 of 3] Impacts and prognosis of natural resource development on aquatic biodiversity in Canada's boreal zone Contribution potential of glaciers to water availability in different climate regimes Giant Mine Arsenic Trioxide Management Alternative Final Report Development of solifluction lobes, Kluane Range, Yukon Territory Eastern Interior Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement How and why is Aquatic Quality Changing at Nahanni National Park Reserve, NWT, Canada? Giant Mine Arsenic Trioxide Management Alternative Final Report Remediating and monitoring white phosphorus contamination at Eagle River Flats (operable unit C), Fort Richardson, Alaska Permafrost conditions near shorelines of oriented lakes in Old Crow Flats, Yukon Territory    Development of solifluction lobes, Kluane Range, Yukon Territory YUKON FLATS NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE LAND EXCHANGE, ALASKA. [Part 1 of 3] Six millennia of summer temperature variation based on midge analysis of lake sediments from Alaska Eastern Interior Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement Contribution potential of glaciers to water availability in different climate regimes YUKON FLATS NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE LAND EXCHANGE, ALASKA. [Part 2 of 3] Impacts and prognosis of natural resource development on aquatic biodiversity in Canada's boreal zone