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Increasing the proportion of power derived from renewable energy sources is becoming an increasingly important part of many countries's strategies to achieve reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. However, renewable energy investments can often have external costs and benefits, which need to be taken into account if socially optimal investments are to be made. This paper attempts to estimate the magnitude of these external costs and benefits for the case of renewable technologies in Scotland, a country which has set particularly ambitious targets for expanding renewable energy. The external effects we consider are those on landscape quality, wildlife and air quality. We also consider the welfare implications of...
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This dataset is an inventory of orphaned mineral mine sites as well as closeout permitted mineral mine sites. Orphaned mineral mine sites are those that were never permitted in the state of Virginia. In 1978, the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA) required operatrors to obtain a permit to operate a mineral mine site in Virginia. Mineral mines are considered any mine that is non-coal. Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement (OSMRE), through its Abandoned Mine Land (AML) Reclamation Program, addresses the hazards and environmental degradation posed by these legacy coal mine sites.
Increasing the proportion of power derived from renewable energy sources is becoming an increasingly important part of many countries's strategies to achieve reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. However, renewable energy investments can often have external costs and benefits, which need to be taken into account if socially optimal investments are to be made. This paper attempts to estimate the magnitude of these external costs and benefits for the case of renewable technologies in Scotland, a country which has set particularly ambitious targets for expanding renewable energy. The external effects we consider are those on landscape quality, wildlife and air quality. We also consider the welfare implications of...
Physiological groups of soil microorganisms, total C and N and available nutrients were investigated in four heated (350 °C, 1 h) soils (one Ortic Podsol over sandstone and three Humic Cambisol over granite, schist or limestone) inoculated (1.5 μg chlorophyll a g−1 soil or 3.0 μg chlorophyll a g−1 soil) with four cyanobacterial strains of the genus Oscillatoria, Nostoc or Scytonema and a mixture of them. Cyanobacterial inoculation promoted the formation of microbiotic crusts which contained a relatively high number of NH4+-producers (7.4×109 g−1 crust), starch-mineralizing microbes (1.7×108 g−1 crust), cellulose-mineralizing microbes (1.4×106 g−1 crust) and NO2− and NO3− producers...
The Laurentian Vision Partnership is a collaborative planning and design initiative that explores local and regional redevelopment opportunities for depleted iron ore mine lands on Minnesota's Mesabi iron range. The initiative involves an ad hoc coalition of local, regional, and state representatives from Industry, business, communities, education, and government dedicated to advancing the long-term vitality of the region. The initiative is also a land-based case study in the development of transdisciplinary action research. The initiative has employed participatory design tools to promote and maintain collaboration, discourse, and knowledge building across diverse knowledge bases, within a land design framework...
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This data release contains a single vector shapefile and two text documents with code used to generate the data product. This vector shapefile contains the locations of 365 “plugged and abandoned” well sites from across the Colorado Plateau with their respective relative fractional vegetation cover (RFVC) values. Oil and gas pads are often developed for production, and then capped, reclaimed, and left to recover when no longer productive (collectively termed “plugged and abandoned”). Understanding the rates, controls, and degree of recovery of these reclaimed well sites (well pads) to a state similar to pre-development conditions is critical for energy development and land management decision processes. We used...
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Profound changes are now occurring in the Colorado River Basin. New societal demands for water are on a collision course with vested legal rights and past commitments. The exploitation of fossil fuels in the area poses great problems for the traditional paramount concerns of reclamation and agriculture. The ' law of the river ' is actually a composite of many statutes, compacts, court decisions, contracts, regulations and administrative rulings. Generally speaking, the flow of the Colorado River is divided among users on the basis of beneficial consumptive use. The allocation system operates at four levels: international, interregional, interstate, and intrastate. Legal problems on the river are partially the function...
    map background search result map search result map Impact of energy development on the law of the Colorado River 5-year Relative Fractional Vegetation Cover at Abandoned Energy Development Sites on the Colorado Plateau BLM REA CBR 2010 BMRR Tails Abandoned Mineral Mine Lands (Virginia) Abandoned Mineral Mine Lands (Virginia) 5-year Relative Fractional Vegetation Cover at Abandoned Energy Development Sites on the Colorado Plateau BLM REA CBR 2010 BMRR Tails Impact of energy development on the law of the Colorado River