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Spectra Used in Figures This dataset contains reflectance and transmission spectra of unexpanded and expanded vermiculite ore, and handpicked flakes of phlogopite, hydrobiotite, and vermiculite. These samples were collected from mines near Enoree, South Carolina; Libby, Montana; Louisa, Virginia; Palabora, Llano, Texas; and South Africa. Spectra are identified as either reflectance or transmission in the alphanumeric file names and correlate to specpr record numbers designated in the manuscript figures in which they are shown. These transmission spectra were converted to absorbance in many of the figures. Spectra of talc, fibrous richterite amphibole, and serpentine are from well characterized samples from Feiser Mine, Ruby Mountains,... Categories: Data; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: CGGSC, CMERSC, Central Minerals and Environmental Resources Science Center, China, Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center, All tags... Enoree, Jiangsu, Libby, Libby, Louisa, MRP, Mineral Resources Program, Montana, Palabora, South Africa, South Carolina, VSPEC technique, Vermiculite insulation, Virginia, chemical analysis, electron probe microanalysis, electron probe microanalysis, elongate amphiboles, environment, expanded vermiculite, geoscientificInformation, mineral deposits, mineralogy, provenance, reflectance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, Fewer tags Global Geochemical Database for Critical Minerals in Archived Mine Samples The Critical Minerals in Archived Mine Samples Database (CMDB) contains chemistry and geologic information for historic ore and ore-related rock samples from mineral deposits in the United States. In addition, the database contains samples from archetypal deposits from 27 other countries in North America, South America, Asia, Africa and Europe. Samples were obtained from archived ore collections under the U.S. Geological Survey's project titled "Quick Assessment of Rare and Critical Metals in Ore Deposits: A National Assessment" (2008 to 2013) in an effort to begin an assessment of the Nations' previously mined ore deposits for critical minerals. Mineralized and altered rock samples were provided by the Colorado... Categories: Data; Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service, ArcGIS Service Definition, Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Alaska, Argentina, Arizona, Arkansas, Australia, All tags... Brazil, Burma, California, Canada, Chile, China, Colorado, Cuba, Democratic Republic of Congo, Economic Geology, Finland, Geochemistry, Germany, Honduras, Idaho, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Mauritania, Mexico, Michigan, Mineral Resources, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, NGDB, Namibia, National Geochemical Database, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Norway, Oklahoma, Oregon, Papua New Guinea, Pennsylvania, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Russia, South Africa, South Carolina, South Dakota, Sweden, Tennessee, Texas, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), United States, Utah, Vietnam, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming, Zambia, aluminum, antimony, arsenic, atomic emission spectroscopy, barium, beryllium, bismuth, boron, cadmium, calcium, cerium, chemical analysis, chromium, cobalt, copper, critical minerals, dysprosium, economic geology, erbium, europium, fluorine, gadolinium, gallium, geochemical data, geochemistry, geoscientific information, germanium, gold, hafnium, historic ores, holmium, indium, iron, lanthanum, lead, lithium, lutetium, magnesium, manganese, metallic mineral resources, mineral deposit type, mineral deposits, mineralogy, molybdenum, neodymium, nickel, niobium, nonmetallic mineral resources, palladium, phosphorus, platinum, potassium, praseodymium, rhenium, rock geochemistry, rocks and deposits, samarium, scandium, silicon, silver, strontium, sulfur, tantalum, tellurium, terbium, thallium, thorium, thulium, tin, titanium, tungsten, uranium, vanadium, ytterbium, yttrium, zinc, zirconium, Fewer tags Table of Electron Probe Microanalyses of Vermiculite Samples This dataset contains results from electron microprobe analyses for expanded and unexpanded vermiculite samples. These data are provide for samples of vermiculite ore, expanded vermiculite insulation, horticultural products, aggregate, and packing materials derived from mines near Enoree, South Carolina; Libby, Montana; Louisa, Virginia; Palabora, South Africa; Jiangsu, China; and Llano, Texas. An ASCII text file of results is provided in comma-separated by value (csv) format. The file has the name “vermiculite_probe_microanalyses_data.csv”. Categories: Data; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: CGGSC, CMERSC, Central Minerals and Environmental Resources Science Center, China, Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center, All tags... Enoree, Jiangsu, Libby, Libby, Louisa, MRP, Mineral Resources Program, Montana, Palabora, South Africa, South Carolina, VSPEC technique, Vermiculite insulation, Virginia, chemical analysis, electron probe microanalysis, electron probe microanalysis, elongate amphiboles, environment, expanded vermiculite, geoscientificInformation, mineral deposits, mineralogy, provenance, reflectance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, Fewer tags Reflectance and spectral fluorescence data from the effect of diagenesis on the preservation of morphology and ultrastructural features of pollen Pollen morphology and pollen morphology in conjunction with other characteristics have elucidated the origin and evolution of various plant groups. Many studies of fossil pollen rarely discuss the effects of diagenesis and sample preparation on pollen characteristics. This paper examines the relationship of diagenesis, sample preparation (e.g., acetolysis), and staining techniques on the preservation and interpretation of pollen characteristics viewed with light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Based on empirical studies, different species under similar experimental conditions have different reflectance values, indicating the individual species respond differently to diagenetic events. The quantitative... Categories: Data; Tags: Energy Resources, Geochemistry, Louisiana, South Africa, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), All tags... acetolysis, diagenesis, pollen, reflectance, ultrastructural characteristics, Fewer tags Mössbauer Spectral Data of Vermiculite Ore Data are provide for four samples of unexpanded vermiculite ore from mines near Enoree, South Carolina; Libby, Montana; Louisa, Virginia; Palabora, and South Africa. ASCII text files listings of Mossbauer data for each sample are provided in comma-separated by value (csv) files. These files have the file naming structure sampleid_mossbauer_spectra.csv, where sampleid is a unique alphanumeric code for each sample. These samples were chosen as representative of the ores from their various mine sources, having documentation verifying that they were collected directly from their sources. Categories: Data; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: CGGSC, CMERSC, Central Minerals and Environmental Resources Science Center, China, Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center, All tags... Enoree, Jiangsu, Libby, Libby, Louisa, MRP, Mineral Resources Program, Montana, Palabora, South Africa, South Carolina, VSPEC technique, Vermiculite insulation, Virginia, chemical analysis, electron probe microanalysis, electron probe microanalysis, elongate amphiboles, environment, expanded vermiculite, geoscientificInformation, mineral deposits, mineralogy, provenance, reflectance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, Fewer tags Global compilation of published gas hydrate-related bottom simulating reflections Bottom simulating reflections (BSRs) are seismic features that are imaged in marine sediments using high-energy, impulsive seismic sources such as air guns or generator-injector guns. BSRs often cut across sediment stratigraphy and are interpreted as marking the deepest depth at which gas hydrate can exist. Gas hydrate is a naturally occurring and widely distributed frozen form of water and gas (usually methane) stable at low temperatures (up to about 25 degrees Celsius [°C]) and intermediate pressures (those that usually correspond to greater than 500 meters water depth). BSRs have been mapped in all the world’s oceans, in inland seas (such as the Black Sea), and in Lake Baikal in Russia. This data release consists... Categories: Data; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Alaska, Amazonia, Antarctica, Arctic, Argentina, All tags... Atlantic, Barents Sea, Beaufort Sea, Beaufort Sea Continental Coast and Shelf, Black Sea, Brazil, CMHRP, Canada, Cascadia, Chile, China, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Colombia, Congo, Department of the Interior, Ecuador, Energy Resources, Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), GeoPackage, Geophysics, Greenland, Gulf of Mexico, India, Indonesia, Japan, Marine Geology, Mid Atlantic, New Zealand, Nigeria, Northern Gulf of Mexico, Norwegian-Greenland Sea, Pacific, Patagonia, Republic of Korea, Russia, Sea of Japan, Sea of Okhotsk, South Africa, South China Sea, Sumatra, Svalbard, Taiwan, Temperate Northern Atlantic, Temperate Northern Pacific, U.S. Geological Survey, USGS, United States, Uruguay, WHCMSC, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, environment, gas hydrate resources, geoscientificInformation, marine geophysics, marine offshore, natural gas resources, oceans, sea-floor characteristics, seep, seismic reflection, seismic reflection methods, Fewer tags Spectral Parameter Tables for Expanded Vermiculite Samples This dataset contains spectral parameters for absorption features found in reflectance spectra of expanded vermiculite samples. These data are provide for 52 samples of vermiculite attic insulation, horticultural products, aggregate, and packing materials derived from mines near Enoree, South Carolina; Libby, Montana; Louisa, Virginia; Palabora, South Africa; and Jiangsu, China collected from 2000 to 2016. Also included are two tables listing the spectral parameters for reflectance spectra of four expanded vermiculite samples selected to represent each of the four main historical sources of vermiculite (e.g., Libby, Montana; Enoree, South Carolina; Louisa, Virginia; and Palabora, South Africa) taken at normal spectral... Categories: Data; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: CGGSC, CMERSC, Central Minerals and Environmental Resources Science Center, China, Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center, All tags... Enoree, Jiangsu, Libby, Libby, Louisa, MRP, Mineral Resources Program, Montana, Palabora, South Africa, South Carolina, VSPEC technique, Vermiculite insulation, Virginia, chemical analysis, electron probe microanalysis, electron probe microanalysis, elongate amphiboles, environment, expanded vermiculite, geoscientificInformation, mineral deposits, mineralogy, provenance, reflectance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, Fewer tags Yale stocks and flows database (YSTAFDB) describing anthropogenic materials cycles, recycling, and criticality for 102 materials on spatial scales ranging from suburbs to global and timescales from the early 1800s to circa 2013 This data release presents the Yale stocks and flows database (YSTAFDB). Its data describe the use of 102 materials from the early 1800s to circa 2013 through anthropogenic cycles, their recycling and criticality properties, and on spatial scales ranging from suburbs to global. This data collection was previously scattered across multiple non-uniformly formatted files such as journal papers, reports, and unpublished spreadsheets. These data have been synthesized into YSTAFDB, which is presented as individual comma-separated text files and also in MySQL and PostgreSQL database formats. Consolidation of these data into a single database can increase their accessibility and reusability, which is relevant to diverse... Categories: Data; Tags: AFGHANISTAN, ALBANIA, ALGERIA, ANDORRA, ANGOLA, All tags... ANGUILLA, ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA, ARGENTINA, ARMENIA, ARUBA, AUSTRALIA, AUSTRIA, AZERBAIJAN, Africa, Asia, BAHAMAS, THE, BAHRAIN, BANGLADESH, BARBADOS, BELARUS, BELGIUM, BELIZE, BENIN, BHUTAN, BOLIVIA, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA, BOTSWANA, BRAZIL, BRUNEI, BULGARIA, BURKINA FASO, BURMA, BURUNDI, CAMBODIA, CAMEROON, CANADA, CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC, CHAD, CHILE, CHINA, COLOMBIA, COMOROS, COSTA RICA, CROATIA, CUBA, CURACAO, CYPRUS, CZECH REPUBLIC, Cape Verde, Caribbean, Central America, Central Europe, Commonwealth of Independent States, Congo (Democratic Republic of the), Congo (Republic of the), DENMARK, DJIBOUTI, DOMINICA, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC, ECUADOR, EGYPT, EL SALVADOR, EQUATORIAL GUINEA, ERITREA, ESTONIA, ETHIOPIA, East Asia, Eastern Europe, Energy Resources, Environmental Health, Europe, European Union, FIJI, FINLAND, FRANCE, FRENCH GUIANA, FRENCH POLYNESIA, GABON, GAMBIA, THE, GEORGIA, GERMANY, GHANA, GIBRALTAR, GREECE, GREENLAND, GRENADA, GUADELOUPE, GUAM, GUATEMALA, GUINEA, GUINEA-BISSAU, GUYANA, HAITI, HONDURAS, HONG KONG, HUNGARY, ICELAND, INDIA, INDONESIA, IRAN, IRAQ, IRELAND, ISRAEL, ITALY, IVORY COAST (COTE D’IVOIRE), JAMAICA, JAPAN, JORDAN, KAZAKHSTAN, KENYA, KOREA, NORTH, KOREA, SOUTH, KUWAIT, KYRGYZSTAN, LAOS, LATVIA, LEBANON, LESOTHO, LIBERIA, LIBYA, LITHUANIA, LUXEMBOURG, Latin America, MACEDONIA, MADAGASCAR, MALAWI, MALAYSIA, MALI, MARTINIQUE, MAURITANIA, MAURITIUS, MEXICO, MOLDOVA, MONGOLIA, MONTENEGRO, MOROCCO, MOZAMBIQUE, Middle East, Mineralogy, NAMIBIA, NEPAL, NETHERLANDS, NEW CALEDONIA, NEW ZEALAND, NICARAGUA, NIGER, NIGERIA, NORWAY, North America, Northern Europe, OMAN, Oceania, PAKISTAN, PANAMA, PAPUA NEW GUINEA, PARAGUAY, PERU, PHILIPPINES, POLAND, PORTUGAL, PUERTO RICO, QATAR, REUNION, ROMANIA, RUSSIA, RWANDA, SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE, SAUDI ARABIA, SENEGAL, SERBIA, SEYCHELLES, SIERRA LEONE, SINGAPORE, SLOVAKIA, SLOVENIA, SOMALIA, SOUTH AFRICA, SOUTH SUDAN, SPAIN, SRI LANKA, SUDAN, SURINAME, SWAZILAND, SWEDEN, SWITZERLAND, SYRIA, South America, TAIWAN, TAJIKISTAN, TANZANIA, THAILAND, TIMOR-LESTE, TOGO, TONGA, TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO, TUNISIA, TURKEY, TURKMENISTAN, UGANDA, UKRAINE, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES, UNITED KINGDOM, UNITED STATES, URUGUAY, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), UZBEKISTAN, VENEZUELA, VIETNAM, WESTERN SAHARA, Western Europe, YEMEN, ZAMBIA, ZIMBABWE, circular economy, economy, environment, geoscientificInformation, industrial ecology, location, material flows, material life cycles, materials flow (commodities), metallic mineral resources, mineral deposits, nonmetallic mineral resources, society, Fewer tags Spectra of Expanded Vermiculite Samples This dataset contains descriptions and analytical data (i.e., electron microprobe, X-ray diffraction, spectral reflectance, and scanning electron microprobe analyses) for expanded vermiculite samples. These data are provided for 52 samples of vermiculite attic insulation, horticultural products, aggregate, and packing materials derived from mines near Enoree, South Carolina; Libby, Montana; Louisa, Virginia; Palabora, South Africa; and Jiangsu, China collected from 2000 to 2016. Tables of electron microprobe and spectral absorption information are also included along with ascii listings of spectral reflectance for each sample. Some of these samples, particularly the ones from Libby, Montana contain bundles of elongate... Categories: Data; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: CGGSC, CMERSC, Central Minerals and Environmental Resources Science Center, China, Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center, All tags... Enoree, Jiangsu, Libby, Libby, Louisa, MRP, Mineral Resources Program, Montana, Palabora, South Africa, South Carolina, VSPEC technique, Vermiculite insulation, Virginia, chemical analysis, electron probe microanalysis, electron probe microanalysis, elongate amphiboles, environment, expanded vermiculite, geoscientificInformation, mineral deposits, mineralogy, provenance, reflectance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, Fewer tags