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Assessment of native species and ungulate grazing in the Southwest: Terrestrial wildlife Range managers in the Southwestern States are increasingly being required to develop management strategies that take into consideration the conservation of wildlife populations. However, information on many aspects of the fundamental biology and impacts of grazing on individual species is still lacking in the scientific and government literature. This report documents a project designed to assemble this information for terrestrial wildlife in Arizona and New Mexico that have the potential to be negatively impacted by grazing or range management practices. To achieve this, a two-stage panel process was developed that employed a variety of wildlife experts to create a list of potentially vulnerable species and to... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Arizona, New Mexico, Southwest, grazing effects, range management, All tags... terrestrial, ungulate grazing, wildlife, wildlife management, Fewer tags Drought indicated in carbon-13/carbon-12 ratios of southwestern tree rings Stomatal closure during periods of moisture deficiency should theoretically lead to elevated 13C/12C ratios as reduction of available CO2 leads to diminished photosynthetic discrimination against 13C in favor of 12C. Stable-carbon isotope ratio chronologies developed from 5-yr tree-ring groups at 17 sites in six southwestern states were tested for a drought relationship by first fitting a spline curve to each chronology to remove the long-term trend and calculating indices as the ratio of actual to spline curve value. The time series of ?Del Indices? so developed are significantly correlated with 5-yr mean Palmer Hydrological Drought Indices (post-1930 period) and reconstructed July Palmer Drought Severity Indices... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation, Journal Citation; Tags: C-13/C-12, Journal of the American Water Resources Association, Palmer Drought Indices, Pinus edulis, Southwest, All tags... drought, pinyon pine, stable-carbon isotopes, Fewer tags The climate of the Southwest This paper summarizes the current state of knowledge concerning the climate of the Southwest. Low annual precipitation, clear skies, and year-round warm weather over much of the Southwest are due in large part to a quasi-permanent subtropical high-pressure ridge over the region. However, the Southwest is located between the mid-latitude and subtropical atmospheric circulation regimes, and this positioning relative to shifts in these regimes is the fundamental reason for the region's climatic variability. El Nin?o, which is an increase in sea surface temperature of the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean with an associated shift of the active center of atmospheric convection from the western to the central equatorial... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: El Nin?o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), Southwest, climate, dendrochronology, All tags... monsoon, summer temperature, tree rings, Fewer tags Riparian trees and aridland streams of the southwestern United States: An assessment of the past, present, and future Riparian ecosystems are vital components of aridlands within the southwestern United States. Historically, surface flows influenced population dynamics of native riparian trees. Many southwestern streams has been altered by regulation, however, and will be further affected by greenhouse warming. Our analysis of stream gage data revealed that decreases in volume of annual discharge and mean peak discharge and a shift to earlier peak discharge will occur in the Southern Rockies region of Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah. These changes will likely decrease rates of reproduction and survival of cottonwood (Populus fremontii and Populus deltoides ssp. wislizenii), Goodding’s willow (Salix gooddingii), and boxelder (Acer... Categories: Data, Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: EARTH SCIENCE > LAND SURFACE > LANDSCAPE, LCC Network Science Catalog, LCC Network Science Catalog, Publication, climate change, All tags... completed, environment, regulation, southwest, stream, woody vegetation, Fewer tags