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Filters Date Range Past year (0) Past month (0) Past week (0) Past day (0) Custom range... To   Search Extensions Citation (23) Contacts US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park U.S. EPA Office of Research & Development (ORD) - National Exposure Research Laboratory (NERL) US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) Al Ghadban, A. N. Al Murad, M. More... Categories Publication (23) Tag Types Theme (3) Place (3) Tag Schemes EnviroAtlas (3) None (3) EPA GIS Keyword Thesaurus (3) ISO 19115 Topic Category (3) View Results as: JSON ATOM CSV

The future challenges for “clean coal technologies”: Joining efficiency increase and pollutant emission control There are unconventional fuels that may serve as near term major replacements for conventional mineral oil and natural gas. These include fuels from oil shale and bitumen, liquid fuels from coal, methane from methane hydrates, biofuels and the secondary fuel hydrogen. Here, these fuels will be reviewed as to their presumable stocks and life cycle wastes, emissions and inputs of natural resources. The unconventional fuels are usually characterized by a relatively poor source-to-burner energy efficiency when compared with current conventional mineral oil and gas. Apart from some varieties of hydrogen and biofuel, their life cycles are characterized by relatively large water inputs, emissions, and wastes. The unconventional... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Fuels, Natural gas, Oil shale, Sustainability, Unconventional fuels, All tags... future, hydrogen, life cycle, mineral oil, stock, waste, Fewer tags EnviroAtlas - Clean and Plentiful Water Metrics for the Conterminous United States This EnviroAtlas web service supports research and online mapping activities related to EnviroAtlas (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas). The Clean and Plentiful Water category in this web service includes layers illustrating the ecosystems and natural resources that filter and regulate water, the need or demand for clean and plentiful water, the impacts associated with water quality, and factors that place stress on water quality and supply. EnviroAtlas allows the user to interact with a web-based, easy-to-use, mapping application to view and analyze multiple ecosystem services for the conterminous United States. Additional descriptive information about each attribute in this web service is located within each web... Types: Citation; Tags: 12-digit HUCs, Agriculture, Air, Alabama, Alaska, All tags... Arizona, Arkansas, Austin, TX, Biodiversity, Biology, Biophysical, Biota, Boundaries, California, Census Block Groups, Cleanup, Climate, Colorado, Communities, Compliance, Connecticut, Conservation, Contaminant, Delaware, Demand for Ecosystem Services, Demographics, Detroit, MI, Disaster, Drinking Water, Drivers of Change - Ecosystem Services, Durham, NC, Ecology, Economy, Ecosystem, Ecosystem, Ecosystem Services, Elevation, Emergency, Endangered, Energy, EnviroAtlas, Environment, Environment, Environmental Atlas, Environmental Justice, Estuary, Exposure, Facilities, Florida, Food, Fresno, CA, Georgia, Green Infrastructure, Green Space, Ground Water, Habitat, Hawaii, Hazards, Health, Human, Human Well-being, Idaho, Illinois, Impact, Imperiled, Indiana, Indicator, Indoor Air, Inspections, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Land, Land Cover, Louisiana, Maine, Management, Marine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Milwaukee, WI, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Modeling, Monitoring, Montana, Natural Resources, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Permits, Pesticides, Phoenix, AZ, Portland, ME, Portland, OR, Potential for Change - Ecosystem Services, Protected Lands, Quality, Radiation, Recreation, Regulatory, Remediation, Response, Rhode Island, Riparian, Risk, Sites, Society, Soils, South Carolina, South Dakota, Spills, Structure, Supply of Ecosystem Services, Surface Water, Sustainability, Tampa Bay, FL, Tennessee, Texas, Threatened, Toxics, Transportation, United States, Utah, Utilities, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington DC, Waste, Water, West Virginia, Wetlands, Wisconsin, Wyoming, environment, Fewer tags EnviroAtlas - Food, Fuel, and Materials Metrics for Conterminous United States This EnviroAtlas web service supports research and online mapping activities related to EnviroAtlas (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas). The Food, Fuel, and Materials category in this web service includes layers illustrating the ecosystems and natural resources that provide or support the production of food, fuel, or other materials, the need or demand for these items, the impacts associated with their presence and accessibility, and factors that place stress on the natural environment's capability to provide these benefits. EnviroAtlas allows the user to interact with a web-based, easy-to-use, mapping application to view and analyze multiple ecosystem services for the conterminous United States. Additional descriptive... Types: Citation; Tags: 12-digit HUCs, Agriculture, Air, Alabama, Alaska, All tags... Arizona, Arkansas, Austin, TX, Biodiversity, Biology, Biophysical, Biota, Boundaries, California, Census Block Groups, Cleanup, Climate, Colorado, Communities, Compliance, Connecticut, Conservation, Contaminant, Delaware, Demand for Ecosystem Services, Demographics, Detroit, MI, Disaster, Drinking Water, Drivers of Change - Ecosystem Services, Durham, NC, Ecology, Economy, Ecosystem, Ecosystem, Ecosystem Services, Elevation, Emergency, Endangered, Energy, EnviroAtlas, Environment, Environment, Environmental Atlas, Environmental Justice, Estuary, Exposure, Facilities, Florida, Food, Fresno, CA, Georgia, Green Infrastructure, Green Space, Ground Water, Habitat, Hawaii, Hazards, Health, Human, Human Well-being, Idaho, Illinois, Impact, Imperiled, Indiana, Indicator, Indoor Air, Inspections, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Land, Land Cover, Louisiana, Maine, Management, Marine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Milwaukee, WI, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Modeling, Monitoring, Montana, Natural Resources, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Permits, Pesticides, Phoenix, AZ, Portland, ME, Portland, OR, Potential for Change - Ecosystem Services, Protected Lands, Quality, Radiation, Recreation, Regulatory, Remediation, Response, Rhode Island, Riparian, Risk, Sites, Society, Soils, South Carolina, South Dakota, Spills, Structure, Supply of Ecosystem Services, Surface Water, Sustainability, Tampa Bay, FL, Tennessee, Texas, Threatened, Toxics, Transportation, United States, Utah, Utilities, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington DC, Waste, Water, West Virginia, Wetlands, Wisconsin, Wyoming, environment, Fewer tags Large scale disposal of waste sulfur: From sulfide fuels to sulfate sequestration In 1982-1983, a 70 ha energy forest project was established in an arable landscape in southern Sweden. Many aspects of the energy forest system were investigated. This paper reports mainly on the aesthetic impacts of the project at a landscape level. One effect is an increasing variation in the views and the aesthetic values of the arable land. The Salix crops introduce new colours into the arable landscape. The green colour of the Salix fields lasts longer in the autumn. Also, from year to year a spatial Variation appears. The increasing wildlife shelter seems to make the fauna richer. Viewed as an energy crop only, the commercial competitiveness of energy forests is often low. However. if the benefits of energy... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Large scale, disposal, fuels, sequestration, sulfur, All tags... waste, Fewer tags Optimizing transmission from distant wind farms Alternative uses of waste for energy production become increasingly interesting when considered from two perspectives, that of waste management and the energy system perspective. This paper presents the results of an enquiry into the use of waste in a future energy system. The analysis was performed using the energy system analysis model, Balmorel. The study is focused on Germany and the Nordic countries and demonstrates the optimization of both investments and production within the energy systems. The results present cost optimization excluding taxation concerning the use of waste for energy production in Denmark in a 2025 scenario with 48% renewable energy. Investments in a range of waste conversion technologies... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Biogas, Co-combustion, Energy, System analysis, Thermal gasification, All tags... Waste, Fewer tags Large scale risk-assessment of wind-farms on population viability of a globally endangered long-lived raptor In 1982-1983, a 70 ha energy forest project was established in an arable landscape in southern Sweden. Many aspects of the energy forest system were investigated. This paper reports mainly on the aesthetic impacts of the project at a landscape level. One effect is an increasing variation in the views and the aesthetic values of the arable land. The Salix crops introduce new colours into the arable landscape. The green colour of the Salix fields lasts longer in the autumn. Also, from year to year a spatial Variation appears. The increasing wildlife shelter seems to make the fauna richer. Viewed as an energy crop only, the commercial competitiveness of energy forests is often low. However. if the benefits of energy... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Large scale, disposal, fuels, sequestration, sulfur, All tags... waste, Fewer tags The large-scale integration of wind generation: Impacts on price, reliability and dispatchable conventional suppliers In 1982-1983, a 70 ha energy forest project was established in an arable landscape in southern Sweden. Many aspects of the energy forest system were investigated. This paper reports mainly on the aesthetic impacts of the project at a landscape level. One effect is an increasing variation in the views and the aesthetic values of the arable land. The Salix crops introduce new colours into the arable landscape. The green colour of the Salix fields lasts longer in the autumn. Also, from year to year a spatial Variation appears. The increasing wildlife shelter seems to make the fauna richer. Viewed as an energy crop only, the commercial competitiveness of energy forests is often low. However. if the benefits of energy... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Large scale, disposal, fuels, sequestration, sulfur, All tags... waste, Fewer tags Prospects for nuclear energy Support for a growth in nuclear power has been seen in China and the United States. Obstacles to further growth include cost, concerns about links to proliferation of nuclear weapons, public attitudes, how to handle nuclear waste, and workforce shortages. More than 20 countries are considering building nuclear power plants. Among new designs being considered are pebble-bed reactors and small reactors. Continued growth will require addressing the obstacles and continued safe operation of plants worldwide. Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Nuclear, Reactors, Renaissance, Waste Optimization of wind turbine energy and power factor with an evolutionary computation algorithm Alternative uses of waste for energy production become increasingly interesting when considered from two perspectives, that of waste management and the energy system perspective. This paper presents the results of an enquiry into the use of waste in a future energy system. The analysis was performed using the energy system analysis model, Balmorel. The study is focused on Germany and the Nordic countries and demonstrates the optimization of both investments and production within the energy systems. The results present cost optimization excluding taxation concerning the use of waste for energy production in Denmark in a 2025 scenario with 48% renewable energy. Investments in a range of waste conversion technologies... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Biogas, Co-combustion, Energy, System analysis, Thermal gasification, All tags... Waste, Fewer tags Ordinal benefits vs economic benefits as a reference guide for policy decision making: The case of hydrogen technologies The global climate problem becomes tractable if CO2 emissions from coal use are phased out rapidly and emissions from unconventional fossil fuels (e.g., oil shale and tar sands) are prohibited. This paper outlines technology options for phasing out coal emissions in the United States by similar to 2030. We focus on coal for physical and practical reasons and on the U.S. because it is most responsible for accumulated fossil fuel CO2 in the atmosphere today, specifically targeting electricity production, which is the primary use of coal. While we recognize that coal emissions must be phased out globally, we believe U.S. leadership is essential, A major challenge for reducing U.S. emissions is that coal provides the... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Biogas, Co-combustion, Energy, System analysis, Thermal gasification, All tags... Waste, Fewer tags Escalating water demand for energy production and the potential for use of treated municipal wastewater With the push for energy independence and fuels that emit fewer greenhouse gases, domestically produced natural gas has been growing in popularity. But alongside this growth have come concerns that hydraulic fracturing (“fracking”), a procedure used in the extraction of natural gas and oil, may pollute ground and surface waters. Responding to increasing public pressure for federal action and a call by the U.S. House of Representatives Appropriations Conference Committee, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced 18 March 2010 it will conduct a comprehensive study to investigate the potential adverse effects of fracking on water quality and public health Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: country, disposal, environmentally, method, oil-producing, All tags... waste, Fewer tags Optimization of use of waste in the future energy system Alternative uses of waste for energy production become increasingly interesting when considered from two perspectives, that of waste management and the energy system perspective. This paper presents the results of an enquiry into the use of waste in a future energy system. The analysis was performed using the energy system analysis model, Balmorel. The study is focused on Germany and the Nordic countries and demonstrates the optimization of both investments and production within the energy systems. The results present cost optimization excluding taxation concerning the use of waste for energy production in Denmark in a 2025 scenario with 48% renewable energy. Investments in a range of waste conversion technologies... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Biogas, Co-combustion, Energy, System analysis, Thermal gasification, All tags... Waste, Fewer tags EnviroAtlas - Biodiversity Conservation Metrics for Conterminous United States This EnviroAtlas web service supports research and online mapping activities related to EnviroAtlas (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas). The Biodiversity Conservation category in this web service includes layers illustrating the ecosystems and natural resources that support biodiversity, the need or demand for conservation, the impacts associated with biodiversity and conservation, and factors that place stress on the natural environment's capability to maintain biodiversity. EnviroAtlas allows the user to interact with a web-based, easy-to-use, mapping application to view and analyze multiple ecosystem services for the conterminous United States. Additional descriptive information about each attribute in this web... Types: Citation; Tags: 12-digit HUCs, Agriculture, Air, Alabama, Alaska, All tags... Arizona, Arkansas, Austin, TX, Biodiversity, Biology, Biophysical, Biota, Boundaries, California, Census Block Groups, Cleanup, Climate, Colorado, Communities, Compliance, Connecticut, Conservation, Contaminant, Delaware, Demand for Ecosystem Services, Demographics, Detroit, MI, Disaster, Drinking Water, Drivers of Change - Ecosystem Services, Durham, NC, Ecology, Economy, Ecosystem, Ecosystem, Ecosystem Services, Elevation, Emergency, Endangered, Energy, EnviroAtlas, Environment, Environment, Environmental Atlas, Environmental Justice, Estuary, Exposure, Facilities, Florida, Food, Fresno, CA, Georgia, Green Infrastructure, Green Space, Ground Water, Habitat, Hawaii, Hazards, Health, Human, Human Well-being, Idaho, Illinois, Impact, Imperiled, Indiana, Indicator, Indoor Air, Inspections, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Land, Land Cover, Louisiana, Maine, Management, Marine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Milwaukee, WI, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Modeling, Monitoring, Montana, Natural Resources, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Permits, Pesticides, Phoenix, AZ, Portland, ME, Portland, OR, Potential for Change - Ecosystem Services, Protected Lands, Quality, Radiation, Recreation, Regulatory, Remediation, Response, Rhode Island, Riparian, Risk, Sites, Society, Soils, South Carolina, South Dakota, Spills, Structure, Supply of Ecosystem Services, Surface Water, Sustainability, Tampa Bay, FL, Tennessee, Texas, Threatened, Toxics, Transportation, United States, Utah, Utilities, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Washington DC, Waste, Water, West Virginia, Wetlands, Wisconsin, Wyoming, environment, Fewer tags Fuels for the future There are unconventional fuels that may serve as near term major replacements for conventional mineral oil and natural gas. These include fuels from oil shale and bitumen, liquid fuels from coal, methane from methane hydrates, biofuels and the secondary fuel hydrogen. Here, these fuels will be reviewed as to their presumable stocks and life cycle wastes, emissions and inputs of natural resources. The unconventional fuels are usually characterized by a relatively poor source-to-burner energy efficiency when compared with current conventional mineral oil and gas. Apart from some varieties of hydrogen and biofuel, their life cycles are characterized by relatively large water inputs, emissions, and wastes. The unconventional... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Fuels, Natural gas, Oil shale, Sustainability, Unconventional fuels, All tags... future, hydrogen, life cycle, mineral oil, stock, waste, Fewer tags Life cycle assessment of waste management systems in Italian industrial areas: Case study of 1st Macrolotto of Prato Biogas and bio-methane that are based on energy crops are renewable energy carriers and therefore potentially contribute to climate protection. However, significant greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions resulting from agricultural production processes must be considered. Among those, the production and use of fertilizer, and the resulting leaching of nitrous oxide (N2O), are crucial factors. This article provides an integrated life cycle assessment (LCA) of biogas (i.e. bio-methane that has been upgraded and injected into the natural gas grid), taking into account the processes of fermentation, upgrading and injection to the grid for two different types of biogas plants. The analysis is based on different feedstocks from... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Case study, Italy, Life cycle assessment, areas, industrial, All tags... management, systems, waste, Fewer tags Optimum autonomous stand-alone photovoltaic system design on the basis of energy pay-back analysis Alternative uses of waste for energy production become increasingly interesting when considered from two perspectives, that of waste management and the energy system perspective. This paper presents the results of an enquiry into the use of waste in a future energy system. The analysis was performed using the energy system analysis model, Balmorel. The study is focused on Germany and the Nordic countries and demonstrates the optimization of both investments and production within the energy systems. The results present cost optimization excluding taxation concerning the use of waste for energy production in Denmark in a 2025 scenario with 48% renewable energy. Investments in a range of waste conversion technologies... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Biogas, Co-combustion, Energy, System analysis, Thermal gasification, All tags... Waste, Fewer tags Overview of biomass and waste fuel resources for power production This paper provides an overview of issues and opportunities associated with the use of biomass for electric power generation. Important physical characteristics of biomass and waste fuels are summarized, including comparisons with conventional fossil fuels, primarily coal. The paper also provides an overview of the current use of biomass and waste fuels for electric power generation. Biomass and waste fuels are currently used for approximately 9800 MW of electric generating capacity, including about 6100 MW of capacity fueled by wood/wood waste and about 2200 MW of capacity fueled with municipal solid waste. Perspectives on the future availability of biomass fuels (including energy crops) are addressed, as well... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Overview, biomass, fuel, power, production, All tags... resources, waste, Fewer tags EPA tackles fracking With the push for energy independence and fuels that emit fewer greenhouse gases, domestically produced natural gas has been growing in popularity. But alongside this growth have come concerns that hydraulic fracturing (“fracking”), a procedure used in the extraction of natural gas and oil, may pollute ground and surface waters. Responding to increasing public pressure for federal action and a call by the U.S. House of Representatives Appropriations Conference Committee, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced 18 March 2010 it will conduct a comprehensive study to investigate the potential adverse effects of fracking on water quality and public health Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: country, disposal, environmentally, method, oil-producing, All tags... waste, Fewer tags An environmentally viable waste disposal method for oil-producing countries Electricity is needed to extract, treat and convey water. Water service providers recognize that electricity costs constitute one of the biggest operational costs of Water Supply Systems (WSS). The practice of water supply requires new energy management strategies and solutions which need to improve WSS energy and hydraulic efficiency and to be innovative, cost-effective and environmentally friendly. Three management practices and solutions for WSS are presented and analyzed in this paper. The first solution proposes the installation of a water turbine in gravity pipes for pressure control and for electricity production. The second solution is the optimization of pump operational schedules according to electricity... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: country, disposal, environmentally, method, oil-producing, All tags... waste, Fewer tags Origin of dissolved metals in produced water from the Devonian Marcellus shale, USA: Sr isotope systematics The horizontal drilling and hydrofracturing techniques used for extraction of natural gas from shales of the Marcellus Formation (USA) lead to production of significant volumes of high-TDS (total dissolved solids) waters that have interacted with the source shale and potentially adjacent units. Determining the source of these dissolved salts and understanding local and basinal variations in TDS have direct relevance to exploration methodologies and water management and reclamation. A series of flowback waters have been collected from drilling operations in a geographic region spanning ~375 km, from northeastern to southwestern Pennsylvania. Most 87Sr/86Sr values fall within a narrow range, from 0.7101 to 0.7112;... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Biogas, Co-combustion, Energy, System analysis, Thermal gasification, All tags... Waste, Fewer tags 1 2 »