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Modeling Effects of Climate Change on Cheatgrass Die-Off Areas in the Northern Great Basin Cheatgrass began invading the Great Basin about 100 years ago, changing large parts of the landscape from a rich, diverse ecosystem to one where a single invasive species dominates. Cheatgrass dominated areas experience more fires that burn more land than in native ecosystems, resulting in economic and resource losses. Therefore, the reduced production, or absence, of cheatgrass in previously invaded areas during years of adequate precipitation could be seen as a windfall. However, this cheatgrass dieoff phenomenon creates other problems for land managers like accelerated soil erosion, loss of early spring food supply for livestock and wildlife, and unknown recovery pathways. We used satellite data and scientific... Categories: Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2011, CASC, Cheatgrass, Climate Change, Completed, All tags... Great Basin, Northwest, Northwest, Northwest, Northwest CASC, Plants, Plants, Projects by Region, Wildlife and Plants, Wildlife and Plants, Fewer tags Understanding Climate Change Vulnerability in the Pacific Northwest: A Comparison of Three Approaches Climate change is already affecting species in many ways. Because individual species respond to climate change differently, some will be adversely affected by climate change whereas others may benefit. Successfully managing species in a changing climate will require an understanding of which species will be most and least impacted by climate change. Although several approaches have been proposed for assessing the vulnerability of species to climate change, it is unclear whether these approaches are likely to produce similar results. In this study, we compared the relative vulnerabilities to climate change of 76 species of birds, mammals, amphibians, and trees based on three different approaches to assessing vulnerability.... Categories: Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2012, Biodiversity, Birds, Birds, CASC, All tags... Completed, Data Visualization & Tools, Data Visualization & Tools, Mammals, Mammals, Northwest, Northwest, Northwest, Northwest CASC, Other Wildlife, Other Wildlife, Plants, Plants, Prediction, Projects by Region, Science Tools for Managers, Science Tools for Managers, Vulnerability Assessment, Wildlife and Plants, Wildlife and Plants, Fewer tags Climate, Land Management and Future Wildlife Habitat in the Pacific Northwest In the Pacific Northwest, land and resource managers strive to make decisions that benefit both natural and human communities, balancing ecological and economic demands including wildlife habitat, forest products, forage for grazing, clean water, and wildfire control. Climate change adds a layer of complexity to the planning process because of its uncertain effects on the environment. In order to make sound decisions, managers need information about how climate change will affect wildlife habitat, both on its own and in conjunction with management actions. The goal of this project was to explore how future climate may interact with management alternatives to shape wildlife habitat across large landscapes. Scientists... Categories: Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2012, Birds, Birds, CASC, Completed, All tags... Drought, Fire and Extreme Weather, Drought, Fire and Extreme Weather, Fire, Fire, Forests, Forests, Grasslands and Plains, Grasslands and Plains, Landscapes, Landscapes, Northwest, Northwest, Northwest, Northwest CASC, Projects by Region, Wildlife and Plants, Wildlife and Plants, climate change, land management, state and transition modeling, vegetation change, vulnerability assessment, wildlife habitat, Fewer tags Climate Change Threats to Fish Habitat Connectivity Many fish species, including mountain whitefish and bull trout, need a variety of habitat types throughout their different life stages that include appropriate water temperatures, flows, refugia from predators, and adequate food. Key to a fish finding and using these different habitats is the connectivity between them. Changing conditions in the future, including increased air and water temperatures, are expected to impact many fish populations, as well as the rivers, streams, and habitats where they’re found. This project, jointly funded by the Great Northern Landscape Conservation Cooperative, focused on the Methow River Basin in the arid east-central part of Washington State. The project team used data on fish... Categories: Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2011, CASC, Climate Change, Completed, Data Visualization & Tools, All tags... Data Visualization & Tools, Fish, Fish, Habitat Connectivity, Northwest, Northwest, Northwest, Northwest CASC, Projects by Region, Rivers, Streams and Lakes, Rivers, Streams and Lakes, Science Tools for Managers, Science Tools for Managers, Washington, Water, Coasts and Ice, Water, Coasts and Ice, Wildlife and Plants, Wildlife and Plants, hydrology, northwest, rivers, Fewer tags Rangewide Climate Vulnerability Assessment for Threatened Bull Trout The bull trout, listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act, is well adapted to the cold waters of the Northwest. Recent changes in climate have caused winter flooding and warmer summer water temperatures in the region, reducing the cold-water habitats that bull trout depend on. The southernmost bull trout populations, found in Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, and Nevada, are currently restricted to small reserves where the coldest waters still exist. These shrinking habitats have created a severed environment being further split by dams, poor water quality, and invasive species. The goal of this project was to determine how these factors threaten the species regionally by using predictions of stream... Categories: Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2011, CASC, Completed, Data Visualization & Tools, Data Visualization & Tools, All tags... Fish, Fish, Idaho, Montana, Northwest, Northwest, Northwest CASC, Oregon, Projects by Region, Rivers, Streams and Lakes, Rivers, Streams and Lakes, Science Tools for Managers, Science Tools for Managers, Washington, Water, Coasts and Ice, Water, Coasts and Ice, Wildlife and Plants, Wildlife and Plants, bull trout, climate change, vulnerability, vulnerability assessment, Fewer tags Quantifying the Effects of Climate Change on Mountain Pine Beetle Outbreaks and Subsequent Threats to Whitebark Pine Whitebark pine is a high-elevation, important tree species that provides critical habitat for wildlife and supplies valued ecosystem services. These trees currently face multiple threats, including attack by the mountain pine beetle, which has recently killed whitebark pines over much of the western U.S. Climate is an important factor in these outbreaks, and future warming is expected to affect epidemics. Our project developed statistical models of outbreaks in whitebark pine for three regions: the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, the Northern U.S. Rocky Mountains, and the Cascade Range. We used these models to understand climate/beetle outbreak relationships, evaluate climatic causes of recent outbreaks, and estimate... Categories: Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2012, CASC, Completed, Forests, Forests, All tags... Landscapes, Landscapes, Northwest, Northwest, Northwest, Northwest CASC, Other Wildlife, Other Wildlife, Plants, Plants, Projects by Region, Whitebark Pine, Wildlife and Plants, Wildlife and Plants, climate change, mountain pine beetle, vulnerability assessment, Fewer tags Contribution of Landscape Characteristics and Vegetation Shifts from Global Climate Change to Long-Term Viability of Greater Sage-grouse Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) is a candidate for listing under the Endangered Species Act because of population and habitat fragmentation combined with inadequate regulatory mechanisms to control development in critical areas. In addition to the current threats to habitat, each 1 degree celsius increase in temperature due to climate change is expected to result in an additional 87,000 km2 of sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) that will be converted to unsuitable habitat for sage-grouse. Thus, the future distribution and composition of sagebrush landscapes is likely to differ greatly from today’s configuration. We conducted a large, multi-objective project to identify: (1) characteristics of habitats required... Categories: Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2011, Birds, Birds, CASC, Climate Change, All tags... Completed, Grasslands and Plains, Grasslands and Plains, Greater Sage-Grouse, Landscapes, Landscapes, Northwest, Northwest, Northwest, Northwest CASC, Projects by Region, Wildlife and Plants, Wildlife and Plants, Fewer tags Identification and Laboratory Validation of Temperature Tolerance for Macroinvertebrates: Developing Vulnerability Prediction Tools The objective of this study was to determine why certain stream insects tend to be found in certain temperature ranges. Many federal, state and local agencies use stream insects to monitor the health of freshwater ecosystems. While the temperature ranges for some insects are often inferred from the temperature of the waters where they were collected, this inference is coarse at best and problematic at worst. Stream temperatures fluctuate a lot during the year and temperature may or may not control where an insect lives. Field insects were collected and sent to a laboratory for testing several temperature endpoints, particularly at higher temperatures. Respiration, breathing rate, and some physical activities were... Categories: Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2011, CASC, Climate Change, Completed, Macroinvertebrates, All tags... Northwest, Northwest, Northwest, Northwest CASC, Other Wildlife, Other Wildlife, Projects by Region, Rivers, Streams and Lakes, Rivers, Streams and Lakes, Temperature, Water, Coasts and Ice, Water, Coasts and Ice, Wildlife and Plants, Wildlife and Plants, vulnerability assessment, Fewer tags Disentangling the Effects of Climate and Landscape Change on Bird Population Trends in the Western U.S. and Canada Climate change has been implicated in the range shifts and population declines of many species, but the confounding of climate change with other variables, particularly landscape change, hampers inference about causation. Climate envelope models have been used to predict population trends and future distributions, but the reliability of such predictions remains relatively unknown; without tests of model accuracy, policy development will be based on highly uncertain ground. Our team assembled recent developments in change detection mapping and species modeling. Specifically, our objectives were to: (1) use 32-year data on bird distributions to test the reliability of climate envelope models, (2) test whether changes... Categories: Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2011, Birds, Birds, CASC, Climate Change, All tags... Completed, Northwest, Northwest, Northwest, Northwest CASC, Projects by Region, Wildlife and Plants, Wildlife and Plants, bird populations, Fewer tags Predicting Climate Change Impacts on River Ecosystems and Salmonids across the Pacific Northwest Salmonids, a group of coldwater adapted fishes of enormous ecological and socio-economic value, historically inhabited a variety of freshwater habitats throughout the Pacific Northwest (PNW). Over the past century, however, populations have dramatically declined due to habitat loss, overharvest, and invasive species. Consequently, many populations are listed as threatened or endangered under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Complicating these stressors is global warming and associated climate change. Overall, aquatic ecosystems across the PNW are predicted to experience increasingly earlier snowmelt in the spring, reduced late spring and summer flows, increased winter flooding, warmer and drier summers, increased... Categories: Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: 2012, CASC, Completed, Fish, Fish, All tags... Northwest, Northwest, Northwest, Northwest CASC, Projects by Region, Rivers, Streams and Lakes, Rivers, Streams and Lakes, Water, Coasts and Ice, Water, Coasts and Ice, Wildlife and Plants, Wildlife and Plants, flow, river analysis project (RAP), salmonids, spatially explicity models, stream temperature, vulnerability, vulnerability assessment, Fewer tags