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These data were released prior to the October 1, 2016 effective date for the USGS’s policy dictating the review, approval, and release of scientific data as referenced in USGS Survey Manual Chapter 502.8 Fundamental Science Practices: Review and Approval of Scientific Data for Release. Baseflow is the portion of streamflow derived from groundwater flow. It is an important component of the groundwater budget, and can be estimated using known total streamflow at given points through time. Daily streamflow data was collected from 25 streamflow gaging stations across the northern High Plains Groundwater Availability Study (NHPGAS) area from the National Water Information System (NWIS) and the Nebraska Department of...
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The U.S. Geological Survey’s Water Availability and Use Study Program (WAUSP) (https://water.usgs.gov/ogw/gwrp/activities/regional.html) supports quantitative assessments of groundwater availability in areas of critical importance. As part of a WAUSP study in the arid to semi-arid Northwest Volcanic Aquifer Study Area (NVASA), estimates of runoff and baseflow were determined for 312 streamflow-gaging stations from 1904 to 2015. Gages with complete water years (October to September) of continuous-streamflow record were used to partition streamflow into runoff and baseflow, which is that part of streamflow attributed to groundwater discharge. For each water year annual estimates of baseflow, runoff, and a base-flow...
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The U.S. Geological Survey’s Water Availability and Use Study Program (WAUSP) (https://water.usgs.gov/ogw/gwrp/activities/regional.html) supports quantitative assessments of groundwater availability in areas of critical importance. As part of a WAUSP study in the arid to semi-arid Northwest Volcanic Aquifer Study Area (NVASA), estimates of runoff and baseflow were determined for 312 streamflow-gaging stations from 1904 to 2015. Gages with complete water years (October to September) of continuous-streamflow record were used to partition streamflow into runoff and baseflow, which is that part of streamflow attributed to groundwater discharge. For each water year annual estimates of baseflow, runoff, and a base-flow...
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The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) developed a regression model for estimating mean August baseflow per square mile of drainage area in cooperation with National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) to help resource managers assess relative amounts of baseflow in streams with Maine Atlantic Salmon habitat (Lombard and others, 2021). The model was applied to each reach of a stream network derived from select National Hydrography Dataset Plus High-Resolution (NHDPlusHR) data in the State of Maine south of 46º 21′55″ N latitude. The spatial coverage developed from the stream network contains model-estimated mean August baseflow per square mile of drainage area as an attribute of each NHDPlusHR reach. Please...
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Site-specific parameters for a non-linear baseflow separation model determined by automated calibration to maximize baseflow. The file "bf_param_usgs.csv" has parameter values for 13,208 sites where USGS operated a streamflow gage and calculated daily streamflow for at least 300 days from water year 1981 to 2020. The file "bf_param_wa_ecy.csv" has parameter values for 41 sites where the Washington Department of Ecology operated a streamflow gage from water year 1991 to 2019. The parameters may need to be re-calibrated at a site for some applications.
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This data release provides source code and an R workspace with functions comprising a non-linear baseflow separation model, calibrated values of parameters and estimates of the baseflow component of daily streamflow at selected streamflow gages. Parameter values were determined by calibration of the model. Estimates of the baseflow component include daily values and the total baseflow as a fraction of streamflow for the analysis period. The file 'run_bf_sep.zip' in the directory 'Nonlinear Baseflow Model Source Code, Functions, and Scripts" has a complete set of model functions, parameters for 13,208 USGS streamflow gages, and a script to run the model. Instructions and software requirements for running the model...
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Variable Infiltration Capacity model results for several hydroclimatological variables for the Arkansas and Canadian River Basin of Oklahoma. Inputs to models were Daymet climate observations as well as the CCSM4, MIROC5, and MPI ESM LR Global Climate Models using Representative Concentration Pathways 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5.
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Cave-limited species display patchy and restricted distributions, but are challenging to study in-situ because of the difficulty of sampling. It is often unclear whether the observed distribution is a sampling artifact or a true restriction in range. Further, the drivers of the distribution could be local environmental conditions, such as cave humidity, or they could be associated with surface features that are surrogates for cave conditions. If surface features can be used to predict the distribution of important cave taxa, then conservation management goals can be more easily obtained. These GIS data represent the input and results of a spatial statistical model used to examine the hypothesis that the presence...
Nitrate-nitrogen export from the Raccoon River watershed in west-central Iowa is among the highest in the United State and contributes to impairment of downstream water quality. We examined a rare long-term record of streamflow and nitrate concentration data (1972–2000) to evaluate annual and seasonal patterns of nitrate losses in streamflow and baseflow from the Raccoon River. Combining hydrograph separation with a load estimation program, we estimated that baseflow contributes approximately two-thirds (17.3 kg/ha) of the mean annual nitrate export (26.1 kg/ha). Baseflow transport was greatest in spring and late fall when baseflow contributed more than 80% of the total export. Herein we propose a ‘baseflow enrichment...
The goal of this study is to define the baseflow needs of endangered fish populations in the Yampa River. The approach taken was to simulate habitat availability associated with several low flow scenarios and relate changes in habitat availability to habitat use by endangered fishes.
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The U.S. Geological Survey’s Water Availability and Use Study Program (WAUSP) (https://water.usgs.gov/ogw/gwrp/activities/regional.html) supports quantitative assessments of groundwater availability in areas of critical importance. As part of a WAUSP study in the arid to semi-arid Northwest Volcanic Aquifer Study Area (NVASA), estimates of runoff and baseflow were determined for 312 streamflow-gaging stations from 1904 to 2015. Gages with complete water years (October to September) of continuous-streamflow record were used to partition streamflow into runoff and baseflow, which is that part of streamflow attributed to groundwater discharge. For each water year annual estimates of baseflow, runoff, and a base-flow...
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Daily estimates of baseflow derived from a non-linear, baseflow separation model. The file "baseflow_western_washington.csv" has daily baseflow estimates for 268 sites in western Washington for the period from water year 1981 to 2020 used for estimating groundwater recharge in lowland areas. The file "baseflow_rsqa.csv" has daily baseflow estimates for 462 sites that were sampled as part of the US Geological Survey Regional Stream Qualtiy Assessment (RSQA). Values are only provided for days when water samples were collected. Missing values indicate gaps in the streamflow record.
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The Monthly Projected Baseflow (BASF) data sets are part of the downscaled global climate models created for the 2008 California climate change assessment. These files are made from daily data and are monthly mean values in millimeters/month. BASF layers have been created through a Bias Corrected Statistical Downscaling (BCSD) approach and are currently available for the cnrmcm3, gfdlcm21, ncarccsm3, and ncarpcm1 models under the A2 and B1 scenarios. The BCSD data cover 31.9375N to 43.9375N and 124.5625W to 113.0625W. The VIC grid is a 1/8th degree grid so this makes a "box" of 93 longitudes by 97 latitudes. The VIC computations are done over land only. For the 93x97 box there would be a total of 9021 points and...
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This metadata record describes monthly estimates of natural baseflow for 15,866 stream reaches, defined by the National Hydrography Dataset Plus Version 2.0 (NHDPlusV2), in the Delaware River Basin for the period 1950-2015. A statistical machine learning technique - random forest modeling (Liaw and Wiener, 2018; R Core Team, 2020) - was applied to estimate natural flows using about 150 potential predictor variables (Miller and others, 2018). Calibration data used for the random forest model are available from (Foks and others, 2020). Each model was run twice, first using all potential predictor variables, which represents a "full" model run, and a second time using the top 20 predictors from the original run, which...
A trend of increasing streamflow has been observed in the Mississippi River (MR) basin since the 1940 s as a result of increased precipitation. Herein we show that increasing MR flow is mainly in its baseflow as a result of land use change and accompanying agricultural activities that occurred in the MR basin during the last 60 years. Agricultural land use change in the MR basin has affected the basin-scale hydrology: more precipitation is being routed into streams as baseflow than stormflow since 1940 s. We explain that the conversion of perennial vegetation to seasonal row crops, especially soybeans, in the basin since 1940 s may have reduced evapotranspiration, increased groundwater recharge, and thus increased...
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The U.S. Geological Survey’s Water Availability and Use Study Program (WAUSP) (https://water.usgs.gov/ogw/gwrp/activities/regional.html) supports quantitative assessments of groundwater availability in areas of critical importance. As part of a WAUSP study in the arid to semi-arid Northwest Volcanic Aquifer Study Area (NVASA), estimates of runoff and baseflow were determined for 312 streamflow-gaging stations from 1904 to 2015. Gages with complete water years (October to September) of continuous-streamflow record were used to partition streamflow into runoff and baseflow, which is that part of streamflow attributed to groundwater discharge. For each water year annual estimates of baseflow, runoff, and a base-flow...
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The U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) SPAtially Referenced Regression On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) model was used to estimate baseflow changes from historical (1984 - 2012) to thirty-year periods centered around 2030, 2050, and 2080 under warm/wet, median, and hot/dry climatic conditions. SPARROW is a spatially explicit hybrid statistical and process-based model that estimates mean baseflow over the simulation period in streams by linking monitoring data with information on watershed characteristics and baseflow sources, routed through a stream network. This USGS data release includes input and output files associated with SPARROW simulations of baseflow for 10 model runs. Model construction, calibration and...
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This U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) data release contains estimated daily streamflow and base flow for HUC12 in the nontidal areas of the Chesapeake Bay watershed, monthly average streamflow and base flow, flow statistics, MATLAB scripts, and a document that describes how to create similar datasets in other watersheds. Daily streamflow was estimated for all the nontidal parts of the Chesapeake Bay watershed with the program "Unit Flows in Networks of Channels" (UFINCH; Holtschlag, 2016), together with the observations of measured streamflow at gages at the downstream ends of major rivers. The estimated streamflow was aggregated at the HUC12 level and reformatted as an Optimal Hydrograph Separation (OHS) input file...
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Coastal rivers draining into the Gulf of Maine are home to the endangered Gulf of Maine Distinct Population Segment of Atlantic salmon. The Gulf of Maine population began to decline significantly by the late 19th century, leading to the closure of the commercial Atlantic salmon fishery in 1948. In recent years, populations have again begun to decrease again. State and federal fisheries biologists are concerned that climate-related changes in streamflow and temperature could impact salmon survival in these rivers. Projections of future climate conditions for the Northeast indicate warming air temperatures, earlier snowmelt runoff, and decreases in streamflow during the low flow period (summer). In the spring, snow...
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The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with NOAA, developed a regression model for estimating August mean baseflow per square mile of drainage area to help resource managers assess relative amounts of baseflow in streams with Maine Atlantic Salmon habitat. The model was derived from August mean baseflows computed at 31 USGS streamgages in and near the Gulf of Maine Atlantic Salmon Habitat Recovery Units. An ordinary least squares regression model estimates August mean baseflow per unit drainage area using two explanatory variables: percentage of the basin underlain by sand and gravel aquifers, and the basin mean July precipitation. This model provides the means to estimate August mean baseflow in cubic...
map background search result map search result map Impact of Changes in Streamflow and Temperature on Endangered Atlantic Salmon Cal-Adapt Monthly Projected Baseflow (1950-2099) GIS data for predicting the occurrence of cave-inhabiting fauna based on features of the Earth surface environment in the Appalachian Landscape Conservation Cooperative (LCC) Region Datasets and scripts used for estimating streamflow and base flow within the nontidal Chesapeake Bay riverine system, water years 2006-15 Table 1. Station descriptions for 312 continuous-record streamflow gages, used to estimate runoff and baseflow using six hydrograph-separation methods, in the Northwest Volcanic Aquifer Study Area, USA Table4. Hydrologic disturbance classification used to describe anthropogenic impairments for gaged basins located in the Northwest Volcanic Aquifer Study Area, USA Point locations of 312 continuous-record streamflow gages, used to estimate runoff and baseflow using six hydrograph-separation methods, in the Northwest Volcanic Aquifer Study Area, USA Polygon locations and contributing area for 312 gaged basins, used to estimate runoff and baseflow using six hydrograph-separation methods, in the Northwest Volcanic Aquifer Study Area, USA Non-linear baseflow separation model with parameters and results (ver. 2.0, October 2022) Nonlinear Baseflow Model Parameters for USGS and other Agency Gages (ver. 2.0, October 2022) Baseflow Time Series for Selected USGS Gages (ver. 2.0, October 2022) Data for Model Estimated Baseflow for Streams Containing Endangered Atlantic Salmon in Maine, USA (version 1.1, July 2022) Monthly estimates of natural baseflow for 15,866 stream reaches, defined by the National Hydrography Dataset Plus Version 2.0 (NHDPlusV2), in the Delaware River Basin for the period 1950-2015 SPARROW model inputs and simulated future baseflow for streams of the Upper Colorado River Basin Spatial Coverage for Estimated Baseflow for Streams Containing Endangered Atlantic Salmon in Maine, USA (version 1.1, June 2022) DS-777 Spatial Location of Gages with Total Flow and estimated Base Flow, for the Predevelopment Simulation Period for the Northern High Plains Groundwater-Flow Model in Parts of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, South Dakota, and Wyoming Variable Infiltration Capacity Model Results for the Canadian River Basin of Oklahoma from 1983 – 2099 Monthly estimates of natural baseflow for 15,866 stream reaches, defined by the National Hydrography Dataset Plus Version 2.0 (NHDPlusV2), in the Delaware River Basin for the period 1950-2015 Spatial Coverage for Estimated Baseflow for Streams Containing Endangered Atlantic Salmon in Maine, USA (version 1.1, June 2022) Data for Model Estimated Baseflow for Streams Containing Endangered Atlantic Salmon in Maine, USA (version 1.1, July 2022) DS-777 Spatial Location of Gages with Total Flow and estimated Base Flow, for the Predevelopment Simulation Period for the Northern High Plains Groundwater-Flow Model in Parts of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, South Dakota, and Wyoming Datasets and scripts used for estimating streamflow and base flow within the nontidal Chesapeake Bay riverine system, water years 2006-15 Impact of Changes in Streamflow and Temperature on Endangered Atlantic Salmon SPARROW model inputs and simulated future baseflow for streams of the Upper Colorado River Basin Variable Infiltration Capacity Model Results for the Canadian River Basin of Oklahoma from 1983 – 2099 Table 1. Station descriptions for 312 continuous-record streamflow gages, used to estimate runoff and baseflow using six hydrograph-separation methods, in the Northwest Volcanic Aquifer Study Area, USA Table4. Hydrologic disturbance classification used to describe anthropogenic impairments for gaged basins located in the Northwest Volcanic Aquifer Study Area, USA Point locations of 312 continuous-record streamflow gages, used to estimate runoff and baseflow using six hydrograph-separation methods, in the Northwest Volcanic Aquifer Study Area, USA Polygon locations and contributing area for 312 gaged basins, used to estimate runoff and baseflow using six hydrograph-separation methods, in the Northwest Volcanic Aquifer Study Area, USA Cal-Adapt Monthly Projected Baseflow (1950-2099) GIS data for predicting the occurrence of cave-inhabiting fauna based on features of the Earth surface environment in the Appalachian Landscape Conservation Cooperative (LCC) Region Non-linear baseflow separation model with parameters and results (ver. 2.0, October 2022) Nonlinear Baseflow Model Parameters for USGS and other Agency Gages (ver. 2.0, October 2022) Baseflow Time Series for Selected USGS Gages (ver. 2.0, October 2022)