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The management of canid populations has been at the forefront of wildlife management worldwide for much of the last century. Effective management depends on the ability to integrate species biology, the environmental aspects upon which those populations depend, and the factors controlling species abundance. Further, managing canid populations requires consideration of territoriality and dominance, which may have a significant effect on population dynamics. To better understand the effect of social structure on canid populations, we developed an individual-based computer model using Swarm to mimic natural coyote population dynamics. We selected the Swarm simulation environment because it is ideally suited for creating...
Recent studies have shown the potential of acoustic deterrents against invasive silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix). This study examined the phonotaxic response of the bighead carp (H. nobilis) to pure tones (500– 2000 Hz) and playbacks of broadband sound from an underwater recording of a 100 hp outboard motor (0.06–10 kHz) in an outdoor concrete pond (10 × 5 × 1.2 m) at the U.S. Geological Survey Upper Midwest Environmental Science Center in La Crosse, WI. The number of consecutive times the fish reacted to sound from alter- nating locations at each end of the pond was assessed. Bighead carp were relatively indifferent to the pure tones with median consecutive responses ranging from 0 to 2 reactions away...
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Data include burrowing behavior of juvenile freshwater mussels (Lampsilis siliquoidea); Villosa constricta; Megalonaias nervosa; Villosa iris; Lampsilis powellii; and Anodonta oregonensis) in three types of sediment [a sand/silt/clay mixture (49% sand) with a total organic carbon (TOC) content of about 3% obtained from northeastern Minnesota, a predominantly fine sand (82% sand) with a TOC content of about 1% obtained from southwest Missouri, and a coarse commercial sand with a diameter of < 0.5 mm (Granusil, #4030)].
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The Hawaiian hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus semotus), a federally and state listed endangered subspecies, is the only extant native terrestrial mammal in the Hawaiian archipelago. It is an insectivorous, solitary and foliage-roosting species that generally roosts alone or in mother-pup family groups. The dataset for this release comprises the combined acoustic and video data tabulated by night and turbine, and was used to relate bat occurrence to nightly weather conditions and turbine operation. The acoustic and the video datasets have each their own set of processing steps that will appear in the respective metadata file.
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This data release comprises 3 datasets used to develop forecasts of autumn body condition for adult female Pacific walruses in the Chukchi Sea during mid and late century time periods. The activity dataset contains daily telemetry records for 218 adult female walruses tracked for periods of 7 to 104 days during 2008-2014, in the Chukchi Sea. Records include the number of hours the walrus was in the water, number of hours the walrus was foraging, study area region where the walrus was located, depths of the foraging locations, and the proportion of the region covered by sea ice. The movement dataset contains telemetry records for 94 of these walruses, giving the dates they moved from one region to another, and the...
The effectiveness of an acoustic barrier to deter the movement of silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, and bighead carp, H. noblis, was evaluated. A pond (10 m, x 5 m x 1.2 m) was divided in half by a concrete-block barrier with a channel (1 m across) allowing fish access to each side. Underwater speakers were placed on each side of the barrier opening and an outboard motor noise (broadband sound; 0.06 – 10 kHz) was broadcast to repel carp that approached within 1 m of the channel. Broadband sound was effective at reducing the number of successful crossings in schools of silver carp, bighead carp and a combined school. Repulsion rates were 82.5% (silver carp), 93.7% (bighead carp) and 90.5% (combined). This...
Spreadsheets include data that was used to evaluate the efficacy of carbon dioxide (CO2) deterrence at different temperatures in invasive carps. There are 8 csv files and 2 folders containing text documents associated with this study.
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The Hawaiian hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus semotus), a federally and state listed endangered subspecies, is the only extant native terrestrial mammal in the Hawaiian archipelago. It is an insectivorous, solitary and foliage-roosting species that generally roosts alone or in mother-pup family groups. This data release consists of three tabular datasets comprising acoustic and thermal video data of Hawaiian hoary bat behavior at wind turbines. One dataset consists of the acoustic and video detections of bats tabulated by night and turbine, and associated weather and turbine operational data used in analyses. The other two datasets consist of the individual detections, catalogued separately for the acoustic and video...
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The Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) feeds on benthic invertebrates on the continental shelf of the Chukchi and Bering seas and rests on sea ice between foraging trips. With climate warming, ice-free periods in the Chukchi Sea have increased and are projected to increase in frequency and duration. We radio-tracked walruses to estimate areas of walrus foraging and occupancy in the Chukchi Sea during June–November of 2008–2011, years when sea ice was sparse over the continental shelf. The earlier and more extensive sea ice retreat in June–September and delayed freeze-up of sea ice in October and November, allowed walruses to arrive earlier, occupy slightly more northern areas, and stay later in the...
Electricity-generating wind turbines are an attractive energy source because they are renewable and produce no emissions. However, they have at least two potentially damaging ecological effects. Their rotating blades are hazardous to raptors which occasionally fly into them. And wind turbines are very noisy when active, a feature that may interfere with the lives of animals beneath them. We studied California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi) in the Altamont Pass Wind Resource Area of Northern California. These squirrels emit vocalizations that alert others to the presence of a predator, and so may be forced to compensate for turbine noise by modifying antipredator behavior. We compared the antipredator behavior...
Aquatic organisms exposed to endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) at early life-stages may have reduced reproductive fitness via disruption of reproductive and non-reproductive behavioral and physiological pathways. Survival to reproductive age relies upon optimal non-reproductive trait expression, such as adequate predator avoidance responses, which may be impacted through EDC exposure. During a predator–prey confrontation, larval fish use an innate C-start escape behavior to rapidly move away from an approaching threat. We tested the hypotheses that (1) larval fathead minnows exposed to estrogens, a primary class of EDCs, singularly or in mixture, suffer a reduced ability to perform an innate C-start behavior...
Fisheries managers have often suggested that survival of trout during the winter is a major factor affecting population densities in many stream ecosystems in the Rocky Mountains. In Wyoming, trout population reductions from fall to spring in excess of 90% have been documented in some reservoir tailwaters. Though biologists have surmised that these reductions were the result of either mortality or emigration from some river sections, the specific mechanisms have not been defined and the factors leading to the trout loss are unknown. This is a review of four studies that were conducted or funded between 1991 and 1998 by the Wyoming Game and Fish Department to understand the extent of overwinter losses, identify some...
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The Hawaiian hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus semotus), a federally and state listed endangered subspecies, is the only extant native terrestrial mammal in the Hawaiian archipelago. It is an insectivorous, solitary and foliage-roosting species that generally roosts alone or in mother-pup family groups. This study examined the behavior of Hawaiian hoary bats at wind turbines operated by Auwahi Wind Energy, LLC, on southern Maui Island, from August to November 2018. The research was conducted to assess the risk that wind turbines pose to bats at the wind energy facility, and compared information obtained from both acoustic monitoring and thermal videography. The dataset for this release comprises the thermal video data...
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All data is part of a pilot study aimed to observe Delta Smelt behavior within enclosures deployed in the wild. The enclosures used were designed by The California Department of Water Resources and UC Davis as part of their ongoing Delta Smelt enclosure deployment studies. Study 1: This data includes 16 17:43 minute videos of observations of Delta Smelt behavior in a floating field enclosure and an associated .csv file with data generated from the video clips. The videos were recorded using a Gopro Hero 4 Black digital action camera in a field enclosure located in a controlled agriculture pond at the University of California, Davis’ Center for Aquatic Biology and Aquaculture (CABA), Putah Creek Facility, Davis,...
These data are estimates of den emergence date, den site departure dates, and duration at den sites as well as post-emergence observations for female polar bears sampled in the southern Beaufort Sea subpopulation 1985-2016 and the Chukchi Sea subpopulation 2008-2017. The data were used to better understand the importance of time spent at the den site post-emergence. Emergence dates and departure dates were determined using collar temperature sensor data.
map background search result map search result map Walrus areas of use in the Chukchi Sea during sparse sea ice cover Pacific Walrus Behavior Data and Associated Chukchi Sea Ice Observations and Projections for use with Bioenergetics Models to Forecast Walrus Body Condition Maui Island, Hawaiian hoary bat behavior at wind turbines, 2018 Hawaiian hoary bat individual video detections at wind turbines, Maui Island 2018 Hawaiian hoary bat nightly acoustic-visual detections and conditions at wind turbines, Maui Island 2018 Underwater Videographic Observations of Cultured Delta Smelt in Field Enclosures: Video Clips and Summary Data Burrowing behavior of freshwater mussels Estimated Post-Emergence Period for Denning Polar Bears of the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas Burrowing behavior of freshwater mussels Underwater Videographic Observations of Cultured Delta Smelt in Field Enclosures: Video Clips and Summary Data Maui Island, Hawaiian hoary bat behavior at wind turbines, 2018 Hawaiian hoary bat individual video detections at wind turbines, Maui Island 2018 Hawaiian hoary bat nightly acoustic-visual detections and conditions at wind turbines, Maui Island 2018 Walrus areas of use in the Chukchi Sea during sparse sea ice cover Pacific Walrus Behavior Data and Associated Chukchi Sea Ice Observations and Projections for use with Bioenergetics Models to Forecast Walrus Body Condition Estimated Post-Emergence Period for Denning Polar Bears of the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas