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High-temporal resolution meteorological output from the Parallel Climate Model (PCM) is used to assess changes in wildland fire danger across the western United States due to climatic changes projected in the 21st century. A business-as-usual scenario incorporating changing greenhouse gas and aerosol concentrations until the year 2089 is compared to a 1975 - 1996 base period. Changes in relative humidity, especially drying over much of the West, are projected to increase the number of days of high fire danger ( based on the energy release component (ERC) index) at least through the year 2089 in comparison to the base period. The regions most affected are the northern Rockies, Great Basin and the Southwest - regions...
We have developed a state-scale version of the MARKAL energy optimization model, commonly used to model energy policy at the US national scale and internationally. We apply the model to address state-scale impacts of a renewable electricity standard (RES) and a carbon tax in one southeastern state, Georgia. Biomass is the lowest cost option for large-scale renewable generation in Georgia; we find that electricity can be generated from biomass co-firing at existing coal plants for a marginal cost above baseline of 0.2-2.2 cents/kWh and from dedicated biomass facilities for 3.0-5.5 cents/kWh above baseline. We evaluate the cost and amount of renewable electricity that would be produced in-state and the amount of out-of-state...
EXPO-CAT is a catalog of human exposure to discrete levels of shaking intensity, obtained by correlating Atlas ShakeMaps with a global population database. Combining this population exposure dataset with historical earthquake loss data provides a useful resource for calibrating loss methodologies against a systematically-derived set of ShakeMap hazard outputs. EXPO-CAT is derived from two key datasets: the PAGER-CAT earthquake catalog and the Atlas of ShakeMaps. PAGER-CAT provides accurate earthquake source information necessary to compute reliable ShakeMaps in the Atlas. It also contributes loss information (i.e., number of deaths and injuries) from historical events. Using historical earthquakes in the Atlas and...
Categories: Data;
Tags: ANSS,
Advanced National Seismic System,
Atlas,
ComCat,
Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog,
This inventory was originally created by Harp and Jibson (1995) describing the landslides triggered by the M 6.7 Northridge, California earthquake that occurred on 17 January 1994 at 12:30:55 UTC. Care should be taken when comparing with other inventories because different authors use different mapping techniques. This inventory also could be associated with other earthquakes such as aftershocks or triggered events. Please check the author methods summary and the original data source for more information on these details and to confirm the viability of this inventory for your specific use. With the exception of the data from USGS sources, the inventory data and associated metadata were not acquired by the U.S....
Categories: Data;
Types: Citation,
Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: California,
EHP,
Earthquake,
Earthquake Hazards Program,
Earthquakes,
The ReefBase Coral Bleaching dataset provides observation details of coral bleaching occurrences (or lack thereof) around the world. This dataset was built upon an original bleaching database developed at UNEP-WCMC, and has been maintained and updated regularly by ReefBase since early 2002. Main sources of information for this dataset have been: published records from the literature, postings on the coral-list (http://www.coral.noaa.gov/lists/), the ReefBase online Bleaching Report (http://www.reefbase.org/contribute/bleachingreport.aspx), and through collaborations with numerous institutions and individuals. ReefBase would like to particularly acknowledge the contributions made by: National Oceanographic and Atmospheric...
Global Average Monthly Temperature for 2070-2099, CSIRO Mk3.0 SRES B1 at a ½ Degree Grid Resolution
For each CSIRO Mk3.0 gridcell: A 12-month average temperature was calculated for 1961-1990 based on the simulated transient historical data. Result is a 12 month simulated climatology at the scale of the CSIRO Mk3.0 grid. For each forecast month a difference anomaly was calculated (ex. January_2021 – Mean_historical_January). Result is a 100 year monthly set of temperature anomalies at the scale of the CSIRO Mk3.0 grid. For each forecast month: Gridded anomalies were interpolated to a ½ degree grid using a bilinear interpolation. For each forecast month and each ½ degree gridcell: The anomaly for that month is added to the CRU historical mean temperature (ex. CRU_Mean_January_1961-1990 + January_2021_anomaly)....
One method of mapping the difference in vegetation is a measurement known as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). This image shows NDVI from Nov. 1, 2007, to Dec. 1, 2007, during autumn in the Northern Hemisphere. This monthly average is based on observations from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA's Terra satellite. The greenness values on this global map range from -0.1 to 0.9, but have no actual unit. Instead, higher values (dark greens) show land areas with plenty of leafy green vegetation, such as the Amazon Rainforest. Lower values (beige to white) show areas with little or no vegetation, including sand seas and Arctic areas. Areas with moderate amounts of vegetation...
This is a combination of CRU monthly averages of tmp (daily mean temperature) and dtr (diurnal temperature range). Tmin is calculated as tmp - (0.5dtr). This particular map is an average for all months for the years 1961-1990.
This study analyzes quantitative and qualitative information and develops selected indicators of the condition of the world's freshwater systems. The condition is defined as the current and future capacity of the systems to continue providing the full range of goods and services needed or valued by humans. Where available, we use global data sets to illustrate key indicators. In cases in which global data are not available, we use regional- and national-level information to illustrate important concepts, indicators, trends, and issues. Sometimes, local-level case studies have been used to illustrate trends that appear to be important but for which national or global data do not exist.
Tags: global,
inland fisheries
High-temporal resolution meteorological output from the Parallel Climate Model (PCM) is used to assess changes in wildland fire danger across the western United States due to climatic changes projected in the 21st century. A business-as-usual scenario incorporating changing greenhouse gas and aerosol concentrations until the year 2089 is compared to a 1975 - 1996 base period. Changes in relative humidity, especially drying over much of the West, are projected to increase the number of days of high fire danger ( based on the energy release component (ERC) index) at least through the year 2089 in comparison to the base period. The regions most affected are the northern Rockies, Great Basin and the Southwest - regions...
The effects of 120 days of high-intensity (80-kV/m) 60-Hz electric field exposure on hematologic constituents were investigated using a three-generation design including 135 field-exposed and 135 sham-exposed male Sprague-Dawley rats. Statistical tests performed included the multivariate analysis of variance, the univariate analysis of variance, and tests of simple effects. Total white cell count, lymphocyte count, and eosinophil count were significantly lower in field-exposed subjects; however, none of the red cell parameters differed significantly. The observed hematologic variations related to the exposure of a high-intensity electric field are consistent with those observed in animals responding to a mild stressor.
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Characterization,
cheese,
energy,
global,
performance,
For each CSIRO Mk3.0 gridcell: An average precipitation was calculated for 1961-1990 based on the simulated transient historical data. Result is a 12 month simulated climatology at the scale of the CSIRO Mk3.0 grid. For each forecast month a ratio anomaly was calculated (ex. January_2021 / Mean_historical_January). Anomalies were capped at 5.0. Result is a 100 year monthly set of precipitation anomalies at the scale of the CSIRO Mk3.0 grid. For each forecast month: Gridded anomalies were interpolated to a ½ degree grid using a bilinear interpolation. For each forecast month and each ½ degree gridcell: The anomaly for that month is mulitplied to the CRU historical precipitation (ex. CRU_Mean_January_1961-1990...
The Charles Sandberg Conodont Collection represents over 50 years of seminal research on the taxa (species and subspecies), zonation, biofacies, localities, and distribution of Devonian/Carboniferous-age conodonts in the U.S. and around the world. This collection is extensive, very-well documented and is particularly important for reconstructing the biostratigraphy and palaeogeography of the Paleozoic Era. The collection also includes books, notes, and other reference materials associated with Dr. Sandberg's research. Additionally, the collection is supported by a 4th Dimension database (in need of conversion and updating), that provides managed access to the collection and tabular content collected as part of Dr....
This inventory was originally created by Papathanassiou and others (2013) describing the landslides triggered by the M 6.3 Lefkada, Greece earthquake that occurred on 14 August 2003 at 05:14:54 UTC. Care should be taken when comparing with other inventories because different authors use different mapping techniques. This inventory also could be associated with other earthquakes such as aftershocks or triggered events. Please check the author methods summary and the original data source for more information on these details and to confirm the viability of this inventory for your specific use. With the exception of the data from USGS sources, the inventory data and associated metadata were not acquired by the U.S....
Categories: Data;
Types: Citation,
Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: EHP,
Earthquake,
Earthquake Hazards Program,
Earthquakes,
Europe,
The Last of the Wild represents the least influenced (most wild) areas of major terrestrial biomes. Most wild in each biome are defined as areas with Human Footprint Index values less than or equal to 10. The map shows the distribution of what remains the least influenced areas in each biome. The Last of the Wild Dataset of the Last of the Wild Project, Version 2, 2005 (LWP-2) is derived from the LWP-2 Human Footprint Dataset. The gridded data are classified according to their raster value (wild = 0-10; not wild >10). The ten largest polygons of more than 5 square kilometers within each biome by realm are selected and identified. The dataset is produced by the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) and the Columbia...
The Last of the Wild represents the least influenced (most wild) areas of major terrestrial biomes. Most wild in each biome are defined as areas with Human Footprint Index values less than or equal to 10. The map shows the distribution of what remains the least influenced areas in each biome. The Last of the Wild Dataset of the Last of the Wild Project, Version 2, 2005 (LWP-2) is derived from the LWP-2 Human Footprint Dataset. The gridded data are classified according to their raster value (wild = 0-10; not wild >10). The ten largest polygons of more than 5 square kilometers within each biome by realm are selected and identified. The dataset is produced by the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) and the Columbia...
The Global Human Influence Index Dataset of the Last of the Wild Project, Version 2, 2005 (LWP-2) is a global dataset of 1-kilometer grid cells, created from nine global data layers covering human population pressure (population density), human land use and infrastructure (built-up areas, nighttime lights, land use/land cover), and human access (coastlines, roads, railroads, navigable rivers). The dataset is produced by the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) and the Columbia University Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN). The Human Influence Index (HII) is a measure of direct human influence on terrestrial ecosystems using the best available data sets on human settlement (population...
For each MIROC gridcell: An average precipitation was calculated for 1961-1990 based on the simulated transient historical data. Result is a 12 month simulated climatology at the scale of the MIROC grid. For each forecast month a ratio anomaly was calculated (ex. January_2021 / Mean_historical_January). Anomalies were capped at 5.0. Result is a 100 year monthly set of precipitation anomalies at the scale of the MIROC grid. For each forecast month: Gridded anomalies were interpolated to a ½ degree grid using a bilinear interpolation. For each forecast month and each ½ degree gridcell: The anomaly for that month is mulitplied to the CRU historical precipitation (ex. CRU_Mean_January_1961-1990 x...
We calculated estimates describing interannual variation in seed production for series of long-term seed or fruit production in 219 plant species. For each plant species, we compiled estimates of foliar nutrient concentrations as well as productivity and weather at the site of observation. Data was compiled in order to test whether interannual variation in seed production was greater in species with lower foliar nutrient concentrations or greater nutrient imbalances.
Categories: Data;
Tags: USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
biota,
ecological stoichiometry,
global,
masting,
This is aggregated results from a run of the MC1 model (MC1_GLOBAL version). The GCM data were downscaled to a half degree grid resolution using an anomaly approach. The baseline historical data was based on CRU TS 2.0 climate. For this map percent change was calculated as: (((Future – Historical)/Historical)*100) Where Future is the average value for 2050-2099 and Historical is the average value for 1950-1999. See related datasets: http://app.databasin.org/app/pages/galleryPage.jsp?id=f7eee62457f641dd85016b7fec7e7c67
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