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Globally, groundwater dependent ecosystems (GDEs) are increasingly vulnerable to groundwater extraction and land use practices. Groundwater supports these ecosystems by providing inflow, which can maintain water levels, water temperature, and chemistry necessary to sustain the biodiversity that they support. Many aquatic systems receive groundwater as a portion of base flow, and in some systems (e.g., springs, seeps, fens) the connection with groundwater is significant and important to the system’s integrity and persistence. Groundwater management decisions for human use may not consider ecological effects of those actions on GDEs, which rely on groundwater to maintain ecological function. This disconnect between...
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Raster showing change in water-table altitude between Fall of 2002 and Fall of 2015 in the alluvium in the Lower Arkansas River Valley, Southeast Colorado. Hereafter "fall" is defined as June 1 to November 30. All interpolation and geoprocessing was done using ArcGIS Desktop v10 (Environmental Systems Research Institute, 2011).
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Of the approximately 6.6 million people living in the Mississippi embayment (MISE) region in the central United States, approximately 65 percent rely on groundwater for their drinking water (Dieter, Linsey, and others, 2017). Regional assessments of water quality in principal aquifer systems provide context for the long-term availability of these water resources for drinking-water supplies. To assess the current (2018) status of water quality in MISE in relation to drinking water supplies, groundwater withdrawal zones used for domestic and public supply were modeled using available groundwater well and hydrogeologic framework data. Three dimensional surfaces were modeled to map the depth zones at which groundwater...
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Raster showing change in water-table altitude between Fall of 2002 and Fall of 2008 in the alluvium in the Lower Arkansas River Valley, Southeast Colorado. Hereafter "fall" is defined as June 1 to November 30. All interpolation and geoprocessing was done using ArcGIS Desktop v10 (Environmental Systems Research Institute, 2011).
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The Sparta aquifer is the principal source of ground water in north-central Louisiana. In 1985, the aquifer was extensively pumped for public supply (25 Mgal/d) and industrial use (29 Mgal/d and 7 Mgal/d for 1989). More than 100 public supply systems, in 8 parishes, contain water from the Sparta aquifer. Large industrial pumpage from the Sparta aquifer began in 1922 at Bastrop (Sanford, 1973a, p. 60) and in about 1923 at West Monroe. Water levels in wells in the Sparta aquifer have been declining in these arease and in other parts of north-central Louisiana since the early 1920's, when industries began withdrawing large amounts of water. However, in Morehouse Parish the water levels in wells have been recovering...
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This archive contains the logistic mapping output vulnerability difference rasters at the conceptual well locations. Data are provided in rasters containing the differences between estimated probabilities of nitrate concentrations greater than 2 milligrams per liter at hypothetical 150 feet and 300 feet deep wells for sequential five-year categories when one or both of the predicted probabilities was equal to or greater than 50 percent.
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This dataset, created in support of USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2020-5075, Estimates of Groundwater Discharge by Evapotranspiration, Stump Spring and Hiko Springs, Clark County, Nevada, 2016-18, represents a Normalized Difference Vegetation Index calculated for vegetated areas in the Hiko Springs groundwater discharge area. Vegetated areas within the GDA are composed of phreatophytic shrubs interspersed with xeric vegetation and bare soil. The GDA was delineated by visual interpretation of 1-meter National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) aerial imagery acquired in May of 2015. Areas of channel scour within the GDA resulting from a flood event in September 2015 were delineated from a 2016 1.84-meter...
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The mean MSAVI image is based on two Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) scenes representing midsummer conditions in 2007 and 2008. MSAVI was calculated for each image which were then combined by calculating the mean for each pixel in the scenes. The resultant MSAVI image was used to estimate vegetation assemblages (ET units) within a mapped groundwater discharge area.
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This raster dataset represents groundwater-level change from 1970 to 2020 in Smith Valley and Mason Valley, Nevada, calculated using approach 2. For this approach, depth-to-water measurements from 53 monitoring wells, represented as point values, were differenced between 1970 and 2020. Point values of change were interpolated into a raster to calculate valley-wide groundwater-level change. Depth-to-water was measured at the same 53 wells in 1995, 2006, and 2020. Depth-to-water measurements for 1970 were calculated by interpolating groundwater-level contours and extracting point values at the monitoring well locations. Groundwater-level change was estimated using two methods (approach 1 and 2) to address groundwater-level...
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The supplemental data presented here contains raster data in .tif format of the empirically estimated mean annual (1987-2015) net evapotranspiration (ETnet) for the Harney Basin Groundwater Evapotranspiration Area. The final mean annual ETnet estimate for the Harney Basin was determined using both empirical and physics-based methods. The final ETnet estimate was combined with additional data to estimate groundwater discharge through evapotranspiration (ET) in the Harney Basin. See Garcia and others (2022) for a detailed description of how these data were estimated and evaluated.
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Groundwater withdrawals in the western US are a critical component of the water resources strategy for the region. Climate change already may be substantially altering recharge into groundwater systems; however, the quantity and direction (increase or decrease) of changes are relatively unknown as most climate change assessments have focused on surface water systems. We propose to conduct a broad scale literature review followed by a synthesis of available data, analysis and simulations with available downscaled climate scenarios to understand how recharge in the western US might respond to plausible climatic shifts during the rest of the 21st Century. We will produce an estimated range of impacts on groundwater...
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This raster dataset represents groundwater-level change from 2007 to 2020 in Smith Valley and Mason Valley, Nevada, calculated using approach 2. For this approach, depth-to-water measurements from 53 monitoring wells, represented as point values, were differenced between 2006 and 2020. Point values of change were interpolated into a raster to calculate valley-wide groundwater-level change. Groundwater-level change was estimated using two methods (approach 1 and 2) to address groundwater-level measurement uncertainty and constrain groundwater-level change estimates.
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Raster showing change in water-table altitude between Spring of 2008 and Spring of 2015 in the alluvium in the Lower Arkansas River Valley, Southeast Colorado. Hereafter "spring" is defined as the periods of January 1 to May 31, and December 1 to December 31. All interpolation and geoprocessing was done using ArcGIS Desktop v10 (Environmental Systems Research Institute, 2011).
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The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Harris‐Galveston Subsidence District, City of Houston, Fort Bend Subsidence District, Lone Star Groundwater Conservation District, and Brazoria County Groundwater Conservation District produced this dataset of groundwater‐level altitudes and groundwater‐level altitude changes in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers (undifferentiated) and Jasper aquifers in the greater Houston area, Texas. This dataset shows current‐year (2021) groundwater‐level altitudes for each aquifer, 1–year (2020–21), 5‐year (2016–21) groundwater‐level changes for each aquifer, long‐term (1990–2021 and 1977–2021) groundwater‐level changes for the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers (undifferentiated)...
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During the spring of 2001, water levels were measured in 427 wells in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas and the Sparta aquifer in Louisiana. Water-quality samples were collected for temperature and specific-conductance measurements during the spring and summer of 2001 from 150 wells in Arkansas in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer. Dissolved chloride samples were collected and analyzed for 87 of the 150 wells. Water-quality samples were not collected in Louisiana. Maps of areal distribution of potentiometric surface, difference in water-level measurements from 1997 to 2001, and specific conductance generated from these data reveal spatial trends across the study area. The highest water-level altitude measured in Arkansas...
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The potentiometric surface of the Sparta Sand in northern Louisiana is shown by contours on four maps. Maps for 1900, 1965 , and spring 1975 are generalized, small-scale maps from previously published reports. The spring 1980 map (1:500,000) is based on measurements in 144 wells and includes the southern tier of counties in southern Arkansas. The map shows regional effects of pumping from the Sparta Sand and effects of local pumping centers at Magnolia and El Dorado, Ark., and at Minden, Ruston, Jonesboro-Hodge, Winnfield, Bastrop, and in the Monroe area of Louisiana. (USGS) First release: April, 2019; revised April 2021 (version 1.1). The previous version can be obtained by contacting the USGS Lower Mississippi-Gulf...
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The population using public supply drinking water was mapped in two ways: the census enhanced method (CEM) evenly distributes the population across the census block-group, and the urban land-use enhanced method (ULUEM) distributes the population only to certain urban land use designations in order to more precisely locate public supply users. This dataset consists of the estimated population using public supply groundwater distributed across census block-groups.
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This dataset, created in support of USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2020-5075, Estimates of Groundwater Discharge by Evapotranspiration, Stump Spring and Hiko Springs, Clark County, Nevada, 2016-18, represents a Normalized Difference Vegetation Index calculated for vegetated areas in the Stump Spring groundwater discharge area (GDA) and Area of Critical Environmental Concern (ACEC). Vegetated areas within the GDA are composed of phreatophytic shrubs interspersed with xeric vegetation and bare soil. The GDA was delineated by visual interpretation of 1-meter National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) aerial imagery acquired in May of 2015. The NDVI was calculated from a June 2017 WorldView 2 image resampled...
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The supplemental data presented here contains three raster datasets representing the evapotranspiration (ET) units for northern, southern, and western regions of Harney Basin (raster datasets in .tif format) and one vector dataset of ET-unit observations used to delineate ET units (vector dataset in .shp format). Eleven ET units were identified from ET-unit observations of land cover and include bare soil or playa (1), marsh (2), dry meadow (3), wet meadow (4), open water (5), riparian (6), mixed shrubland (7), phreatophyte shrubland (8), xerophyte shrubland (9), sagebrush shrubland (10), and xerophyte grassland (11). Irrigated areas are excluded from ET units. Unpublished land-cover datasets collected by the U.S....
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The potentiometric surface of the Sparta Sand in northern Louisiana is shown by contours on four maps. Maps for 1900, 1965 , and spring 1975 are generalized, small-scale maps from previously published reports. The spring 1980 map (1:500,000) is based on measurements in 144 wells and includes the southern tier of counties in southern Arkansas. The map shows regional effects of pumping from the Sparta Sand and effects of local pumping centers at Magnolia and El Dorado, Ark., and at Minden, Ruston, Jonesboro-Hodge, Winnfield, Bastrop, and in the Monroe area of Louisiana. (USGS) First release: April, 2019; revised April 2021 (version 1.1). The previous version can be obtained by contacting the USGS Lower Mississippi-Gulf...
map background search result map search result map Change in water-table altitude in the alluvium in the Lower Arkansas River Valley, Southeast Colorado, Fall 2002 to Fall 2008 Change in water-table altitude in the alluvium in the Lower Arkansas River Valley, Southeast Colorado, Fall 2002 to Fall 2015 Change in water-table altitude in the alluvium in the Lower Arkansas River Valley, Southeast Colorado, Spring 2008 to Spring 2015 Scaled Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index for Tule Valley and part of Sevier Valley, Utah Digitized Contours from Georeferenced Plate 1965 from "Potentiometric maps of the Sparta Sand, northern Louisiana and southern Arkansas, 1900, 1965, 1975, and 1980" (Ryals, 1980; version 1.1, April 2021) Digitized Contours from Georeferenced Plate 1980 from "Potentiometric maps of the Sparta Sand, northern Louisiana and southern Arkansas, 1900, 1965, 1975, and 1980" (Ryals, 1980; version 1.1, April 2021) Digitized Contours from Georeferenced Plate 2001 from "Status of water levels and selected water-quality conditions in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas and the Sparta aquifer in Louisiana, spring-summer 2001" Digitized Contours from Georeferenced Plate 1989 from "Louisiana ground-water map no. 3: Potentiometric surface, 1989, and water-level changes, 1980-89, of the Sparta aquifer in north-central Louisiana" Groundwater withdrawal zones for drinking water from the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer and Mississippi embayment aquifers Normalized Difference Vegetation Index for Vegetated Areas of the Groundwater Discharge Area, Hiko Springs, NV Normalized Difference Vegetation Index Corresponding to Vegetated Areas in the Combined Groundwater Discharge Area and Area of Critical Environmental Concern, Stump Spring, NV Estimated equivalent population using public supply groundwater in the conterminous United States, CEM (2) Evapotranspiration Units Delineated by Region in the Harney Basin Groundwater Evapotranspiration Area and Evapotranspiration-Unit Observations, Southeastern Oregon (3) Empirically Estimated Mean Annual (1987-2015) Net Evapotranspiration in the Harney Basin Lowlands, Southeastern Oregon Groundwater-Level Altitudes and Long-Term Groundwater-Level Changes in the Chicot and Evangeline (Undifferentiated) and Jasper Aquifers, Greater Houston area, Texas, 2021 11) Groundwater-level change for Smith Valley and Mason Valley, Nevada, 2007-2020, approach 2 12) Groundwater-level change for Smith Valley and Mason Valley, Nevada, 1970-2020, approach 2 Output vulnerability difference rasters from logistic mapping at the conceptual well locations for a study of groundwater vulnerability to elevated nitrates in the Puget Sound Basin, Washington, 2000–19 Distribution Models Predicting Groundwater Influenced Ecosystems in the Northeastern United States Normalized Difference Vegetation Index Corresponding to Vegetated Areas in the Combined Groundwater Discharge Area and Area of Critical Environmental Concern, Stump Spring, NV Normalized Difference Vegetation Index for Vegetated Areas of the Groundwater Discharge Area, Hiko Springs, NV 11) Groundwater-level change for Smith Valley and Mason Valley, Nevada, 2007-2020, approach 2 12) Groundwater-level change for Smith Valley and Mason Valley, Nevada, 1970-2020, approach 2 Change in water-table altitude in the alluvium in the Lower Arkansas River Valley, Southeast Colorado, Fall 2002 to Fall 2008 Change in water-table altitude in the alluvium in the Lower Arkansas River Valley, Southeast Colorado, Fall 2002 to Fall 2015 Change in water-table altitude in the alluvium in the Lower Arkansas River Valley, Southeast Colorado, Spring 2008 to Spring 2015 (2) Evapotranspiration Units Delineated by Region in the Harney Basin Groundwater Evapotranspiration Area and Evapotranspiration-Unit Observations, Southeastern Oregon (3) Empirically Estimated Mean Annual (1987-2015) Net Evapotranspiration in the Harney Basin Lowlands, Southeastern Oregon Scaled Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index for Tule Valley and part of Sevier Valley, Utah Digitized Contours from Georeferenced Plate 1965 from "Potentiometric maps of the Sparta Sand, northern Louisiana and southern Arkansas, 1900, 1965, 1975, and 1980" (Ryals, 1980; version 1.1, April 2021) Digitized Contours from Georeferenced Plate 1989 from "Louisiana ground-water map no. 3: Potentiometric surface, 1989, and water-level changes, 1980-89, of the Sparta aquifer in north-central Louisiana" Groundwater-Level Altitudes and Long-Term Groundwater-Level Changes in the Chicot and Evangeline (Undifferentiated) and Jasper Aquifers, Greater Houston area, Texas, 2021 Digitized Contours from Georeferenced Plate 1980 from "Potentiometric maps of the Sparta Sand, northern Louisiana and southern Arkansas, 1900, 1965, 1975, and 1980" (Ryals, 1980; version 1.1, April 2021) Output vulnerability difference rasters from logistic mapping at the conceptual well locations for a study of groundwater vulnerability to elevated nitrates in the Puget Sound Basin, Washington, 2000–19 Digitized Contours from Georeferenced Plate 2001 from "Status of water levels and selected water-quality conditions in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas and the Sparta aquifer in Louisiana, spring-summer 2001" Groundwater withdrawal zones for drinking water from the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer and Mississippi embayment aquifers Distribution Models Predicting Groundwater Influenced Ecosystems in the Northeastern United States Estimated equivalent population using public supply groundwater in the conterminous United States, CEM