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Delineates outbreaks of the two focal species referred to as Mountain Pine Bettle Covers the CCE and 50km into the surrounding area from 2000 to 2015. This layer is a compilation from multiple sources, Bruce spanworm polygons were removed from Alberta data. This dataset was developed by the Crown Managers Partnership, as part of a transboundary collaborative management initiative for the Crown of the Continent Ecosystem, based on commonly identified management priorities that are relevant at the landscape scale. The CMP is collaborative group of land managers, scientists, and stakeholder in the CCE. For more information on the CMP and its collaborators, programs, and projects please visit: http://crownmanagers.org/
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In this observational pilot study, we worked at the largest existing solar tower facility in the world (Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System - ISEGS) to assess the efficacy of using radar, surveillance video, and insect trapping to monitor animals flying near the towers. During week-long site visits in May and September, we monitored the airspace surrounding towers and observed insects, occasional birds, and bats under a variety of environmental and operational conditions. This dataset enumerates invertebrates captured using both malaise and funnel traps placed on the ground in the immediate vicinity of solar towers in the locations shown in Figure 2 of the associated paper. The locational information below...
The influence of metal exposure history on rates of aqueous Cd accumulation, elimination, and subcellular distribution was examined in the aquatic insect Hydropsyche californica. Specimens were obtained from a reference site and a metal-contaminated site and returned to the laboratory where they were continuously exposed to aqueous Cd (518 ng/L, nominal) for 6 d, followed by 9 d of depuration. Rates of Cd accumulation and elimination were similar in insects from the two sites. Efflux rate constants, k((e), ranged from 0.20 to 0.24/d (t 1/2 approximately 3 d). Immediately following exposure, the cytosol accounted for 40% of the body burden in insects from both sites; however, 89 +/- 2% of the cytosolic Cd was associated...
Distributional patterns and species diversity of benthic insects in an alpine stream in Gunnison County, Colorado, USA were investigated on several levels of spatial scale, from faunal replacement over 1,000 vertical m to microdistribution within the stony substratum. Ecotones including zonation in terrestrial vegetation and in trout distribution did not appear to affect faunal replacement. Competition among congeners accounted for 7-30% of the cases, while in the majority of species, faunal replacement appeared to be associated with gradual changes in the physical gradient. Trout zonation may affect total numbers of insects, however, as the trout-free headwaters had two to six times higher insect densities. Microdistribution...
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In this observational pilot study, we worked at the largest existing solar tower facility in the world (Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System - ISEGS) to assess the efficacy of using radar, surveillance video, and insect trapping to monitor animals flying near the towers. During week-long site visits in May and September, we monitored the airspace surrounding towers and observed insects, occasional birds, and bats under a variety of environmental and operational conditions. This dataset consists of raster portable network graphics (png) images of the planned position indicator (ppi) display from a Furuno FR2127 portable radar unit to a maximum range of 1.5 km. A new image is written with each rotation of the...
Abstract (from http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0102996): Trees are essential to urban habitats because they provide services that benefit the environment and improve human health. Unfortunately, urban trees often have more herbivorous insect pests than rural trees but the mechanisms and consequences of these infestations are not well documented. Here, we examine how temperature affects the abundance of a scale insect, Melanaspis tenebricosa (Comstock) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), on one of the most commonly planted street trees in the eastern U.S. Next, we examine how both pest abundance and temperature are associated with water stress, growth, and condition of 26 urban street trees....
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This data set consists of data collected during 2012 in Badlands National Park in South Dakota that were used in the analysis in support of the PLOS One article titled "Exotic plant infestation is associated with decreased modularity and increased numbers of connectors in mixed-grass prairie pollination networks". The data consist of three spreadsheets. An insect richness, interactions, and flower count data set is a summary of counts of individual flowers (by species) and insects captured on flowers (that were found to carry pollen) over the course of a study on the effects of infestation by Cirsium arvense on pollinator interactions with native plants. Three dominant exotic plants, C. arvense, Convolvulus arvensis,...
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In this observational pilot study, we worked at the largest existing solar tower facility in the world (Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System - ISEGS) to assess the efficacy of using radar, surveillance video, and insect trapping to monitor animals flying near the towers. During week-long site visits in May and September, we monitored the airspace surrounding towers and observed insects, occasional birds, and bats under a variety of environmental and operational conditions. This dataset is comprised of the unedited digital video imagery we gathered during those site visits. There are four types of video imagery included in the data set: (1) "EMCCD camera" is the output of an electron multiplying charge-coupled-device...
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A crepuscular or nocturnal lifestyle has evolved in bees several times independently, probably to explore rewarding pollen sources without competition and to minimize predation and nest parasites. Despite these obvious advantages, only few bee species are nocturnal. Here we show that the sensitivity of the bee apposition eye is a major factor limiting the ability to forage in dim light. We present data on eye size, foraging times, and light levels for Megalopta genalis (Augochlorini, Halictidae) in Panama, and Lasioglossum (Sphecodogastra) sp. (Halictini, Halictidae) in Utah, USA. M. genalis females forage exclusively during twilight, but as a result of dim light levels in the rain forest, they are adapted to extremely...
Abstract (from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gcb.13550/abstract): Biological effects of climate change are expected to vary geographically, with a strong signature of latitude. For ectothermic animals, there is systematic latitudinal variation in the relationship between climate and thermal performance curves, which describe the relationship between temperature and an organism's fitness. Here, we ask whether these documented latitudinal patterns can be generalized to predict arthropod responses to warming across mid- and high temperate latitudes, for taxa whose thermal physiology has not been measured. To address this question, we used a novel natural experiment consisting of a series of urban warming...
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We evaluated the thermal regime and relative abundance of native and non-native fish and invertebrates within Kelly Warm Spring and Savage Ditch, Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming. Water temperatures within the system remained relatively warm year round with mean temperatures less than 20 degrees Celsius near the source, and greater than 5 degress Celsius approximately 2 km downstream of the spring source. A total of 5 non-native species were collected; Convict/Zebra Cichlids (Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum), Green Swordtail (Xiphophorus hellerii), Tadpole Madtom (Noturus gyrinus), Guppies (Poecilia reticulate), and Goldfish (Carassius auratus). Non-native fish (Zebra Cichlids and Swordtails), red-rimmed melania snails...
Concentrations of 31 metals, metalloids, and other elements were measured in insects and insectivorous bird tissues from three drainages with different geochemistry and mining histories in Summit Co., Colorado, in 2003, 2004, and 2005. In insect samples, all 25 elements that were analyzed in all years increased in both Snake and Deer Creeks in the mining impacted areas compared to areas above and below the mining impacted areas. This distribution of elements was predicted from known or expected sediment contamination resulting from abandoned mine tailings in those drainages. Element concentrations in avian liver tissues were in concordance with levels in insects, that is with concentrations higher in mid-drainage...
Abstract (from http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/10/11/20140586?rss=1): Climate warming is predicted to cause many changes in ectotherm communities, one of which is phenological mismatch, wherein one species' development advances relative to an associated species or community. Phenological mismatches already lead to loss of pollination services, and we predict that they also cause loss of biological control. Here, we provide evidence that a pest develops earlier due to urban warming but that phenology of its parasitoid community does not similarly advance. This mismatch is associated with greater egg production that likely leads to more pests on trees. This publication was developed as part of the...
The Hawaiian Islands are home to some of the world’s most imperiled forest birds. Introduction of mosquitoes and vector-borne avian malaria are important factors in the historic decline and extinction of many endemic Hawaiian honeycreepers which are particularly susceptible to avian malaria. We used a model of forest birds, mosquitoes, and avian malaria to evaluate future impacts of avian malaria on these Hawaiian birds as a result of climate change. As climate warms during the 21st Century temperatures will favor increased mosquito populations and much higher transmission of malaria to endangered honeycreepers existing in high-elevation forests. We conclude that without significant intervention many native Hawaiian...
Arthropods living in the canopies of two woody shrub species (a sub-shrub (Gutierrezia sarothrae) and a large shrub (Prosopis glandulosa)) and perennial grasses plus associated herbaceous species, were sampled on 18, 0.5 hectare plots in a Chihuahuan Desert grassland for five consecutive years. Mesquite shrubs were removed from nine plots, six plots were grazed by yearling cattle in August and six plots were grazed in February for the last 3 years of the 5 year study. Arthropod species richness ranged between 154 and 353 on grasses, from 120 to 266 on G. sarothrae, and from 69 to 116 on P. glandulosa. There was a significant relationship between the number of families of insects on grass and G. sarothrae and growing...
Abstract (from http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/283/1840/20161574): A substantial amount of global carbon is stored in mature trees. However, no experiments to date test how warming affects mature tree carbon storage. Using a unique, citywide, factorial experiment, we investigated how warming and insect herbivory affected physiological function and carbon sequestration (carbon stored per year) of mature trees. Urban warming increased herbivorous arthropod abundance on trees, but these herbivores had negligible effects on tree carbon sequestration. Instead, urban warming was associated with an estimated 12% loss of carbon sequestration, in part because photosynthesis was reduced at hotter sites. Ecosystem...
The objective of this study was to determine why certain stream insects tend to be found in certain temperature ranges. Many federal, state and local agencies use stream insects to monitor the health of freshwater ecosystems. While the temperature ranges for some insects are often inferred from the temperature of the waters where they were collected, this inference is coarse at best and problematic at worst. Stream temperatures fluctuate a lot during the year and temperature may or may not control where an insect lives. Field insects were collected and sent to a laboratory for testing several temperature endpoints, particularly at higher temperatures. Respiration, breathing rate, and some physical activities were...
Abstract (from http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0168880): Avian malaria, transmitted by Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes in the Hawaiian Islands, has been a primary contributor to population range limitations, declines, and extinctions for many endemic Hawaiian honeycreepers. Avian malaria is strongly influenced by climate; therefore, predicted future changes are expected to expand transmission into higher elevations and intensify and lengthen existing transmission periods at lower elevations, leading to further population declines and potential extinction of highly susceptible honeycreepers in mid- and high-elevation forests. Based on future climate changes and resulting malaria...
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In this observational pilot study, we worked at the largest existing solar tower facility in the world (Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System - ISEGS) to assess the efficacy of using radar, surveillance video, and insect trapping to monitor animals flying near the towers. During week-long site visits in May and September, we monitored the airspace surrounding towers and observed insects, occasional birds, and bats under a variety of environmental and operational conditions. This dataset is comprised of the unedited digital thermal samples we gathered during those site visits and consist of 1280x720 pixel arrayed infrared measures from a FLIR SC8340HD science-grade thermal (SGT) camera with a 200mm lens. The data...
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These data consist of several discrete data resources captured at the Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System (ISEGS) during 2014. The data include 1) Thermal (infrared) data recordings 2) Tabular data representing insect (invertebrate) measurements 3) Radar data 4) Video files These data support the following publication: Diehl, R. H, E. W. Valdez, T. M. Preston, M. J. Wellik, and P. M. Cryan. 2016. Evaluating the effectiveness of wildlife detection and observation technologies at a solar power tower facility. PLOS ONE.
map background search result map search result map Light intensity limits foraging activity in nocturnal and crepuscular bees Data Recordings from the Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System (ISEGS) Facility Recorded by the USGS during Spring and Fall 2014 Invertebrate Data Radar Data Infrared (Thermal) Data Video Files Exotic plant infestation is associated with decreased modularity and increased numbers of connectors in mixed-grass prairie pollination networks data set Mountain Pine Beetle in the Crown of the Continent (2000-2015) The thermal regime and species composition of fish and invertebrates in Kelly Warm Spring, Grand Teton National Park, WY-Data Invertebrate Data Data Recordings from the Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System (ISEGS) Facility Recorded by the USGS during Spring and Fall 2014 Radar Data Infrared (Thermal) Data Video Files Exotic plant infestation is associated with decreased modularity and increased numbers of connectors in mixed-grass prairie pollination networks data set The thermal regime and species composition of fish and invertebrates in Kelly Warm Spring, Grand Teton National Park, WY-Data Light intensity limits foraging activity in nocturnal and crepuscular bees Mountain Pine Beetle in the Crown of the Continent (2000-2015)