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A variety of community and external pressures on Indigenous Peoples are leading to increased use of food that is available through industrialization and market economies; food in traditional food systems derived from local, natural environments is declining in use. This report focusses on dietary intake of Arctic men. While nutrient density of Arctic traditional food systems is superior to that of the composite of market food consumed in the North, the percentage of men's daily energy derived from market food is more than double that from traditional food in some communities. Older members of communities consume more traditional food than younger members; men consume more traditional food than do women. In addition...
Forests are important in the global carbon cycle, forming a major sink for carbon. Deforestation is a significant source of carbon dioxide emitted to the atmosphere. There is some scope to enhance natural carbon sinks, and therefore reduce net emissions of greenhouse gases, through afforestation and conservation of existing forests. Such initiatives may be implemented to "offset" emissions of greenhouse gases from other sources. This may be undertaken by private companies, or by governments as part of bilateral agreements or multilateral arrangements. International carbon offsets may be cost effective in terms of reduction of carbon emissions achieved, and may also be one way to mobilise private capital to fund...
The Loyalton mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) herd winters west and northwest of Reno, Nevada along the California-Nevada border, extending into the Peterson Mountains, east of Highway 395 in Nevada. A portion of the herd also winters north of I-80 on Peavine Mountain in Nevada. This population represents an interstate migratory herd but also contains year-round residents in both states. Deer migrate southwest into the Sierra Nevada Mountains of California on both sides of Highway 89 from Truckee to Sierraville, mostly staying north of I-80 and into the Tahoe National Forest. Significant challenges include urban development, vehicle collisions on Highways 89, 395, and I80, and large-scale wildfires that have burned...
Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) of the Kaibab Plateau in Arizona had a population estimate of 10,200 individuals in 2019. The herd is relatively isolated; limited in range to the east, south, and west sides by the Grand Canyon. Annually the Kaibab herd migrates an average of 27 mi (43 km) between summer and winter range. Winter range is along the west, east, and northern extents of the plateau; consisting of pinyon-juniper woodlands mixed with sagebrush, cliffrose, bitterbrush, and various grasses. Some of the Kaibab herd winters in Utah, sharing winter range with Utah’s Paunsaugunt Plateau herd. During migration mule deer pass through mid-elevation transitional range containing Gambel oak, pinyon pine, and Utah...
The San Francisco Peaks mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) herd makes one of Arizona’s most extraordinary annual migrations between Flagstaff, AZ and the Grand Canyon. The migration begins on summer range in GMU 7, where an estimated 5,300 mule deer reside. Their summer habitat contains alpine, subalpine, and ponderosa pine forests mixed with open grasslands and meadows. Beginning in October, a portion of the herd migrates north to GMU 9 to winter range along the South Rim containing pinyon-juniper, ponderosa pines, sagebrush, and cliffrose habitat. Through funding from Secretarial Order 3362, the Arizona Game and Fish Department (AZGFD) began a GPS collar study beginning in June of 2019. A total of 46 mule deer have...
The mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) of the Pueblo of Santa Ana herds are primarily non-migratory, with two distinct winter ranges separated by U.S. Route 550. The winter ranges consist primarily of Chihuahuan semi‐desert grassland, dominated by black grama (Bouteloua eriopoda), galleta (Pleuraphis jamesii), mesa dropseed (Sporobolus flexuosus), and fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canescens), with higher elevation sections consisting of pinyon-juniper woodland and juniper savannah. There was no movement between the two winter ranges, with only individuals from the winter range northeast of US 550 crossing the highway west of the Jemez Canyon Reservoir. Two individuals from the winter range northeast of US 550 migrated...
The South of Interstate 40 (I-40) pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) herd make one of Arizona’s most remarkable migrations. This herd resides primarily in GMU 8, which had a population estimate of 450 individuals in 2019. Unlike traditional summer-winter range dynamics, this pronghorn herd relies on a complex of several important seasonal ranges connected by narrow corridors. Migration between ranges appear to be driven by winter conditions, thus, the timing of the movements is highly variable. The herd has high fidelity to these corridors, which elevates the importance of research and management efforts to conserve them. During the summer, these pronghorn inhabit large grasslands in and around Garland Prairie. During...
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In this observational pilot study, we worked at the largest existing solar tower facility in the world (Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System - ISEGS) to assess the efficacy of using radar, surveillance video, and insect trapping to monitor animals flying near the towers. During week-long site visits in May and September, we monitored the airspace surrounding towers and observed insects, occasional birds, and bats under a variety of environmental and operational conditions. This dataset enumerates invertebrates captured using both malaise and funnel traps placed on the ground in the immediate vicinity of solar towers in the locations shown in Figure 2 of the associated paper. The locational information below...
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In this observational pilot study, we worked at the largest existing solar tower facility in the world (Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System - ISEGS) to assess the efficacy of using radar, surveillance video, and insect trapping to monitor animals flying near the towers. During week-long site visits in May and September, we monitored the airspace surrounding towers and observed insects, occasional birds, and bats under a variety of environmental and operational conditions. This dataset consists of raster portable network graphics (png) images of the planned position indicator (ppi) display from a Furuno FR2127 portable radar unit to a maximum range of 1.5 km. A new image is written with each rotation of the...
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Important Bird Areas (IBAs), are sites that provide essential habitat to one or more species of birds during some portion of the year (nesting areas, crucial migration stop-over sites, or wintering grounds). IBAs may be a few or even thousands of acres, but usually are discrete sites that stand out from the surrounding landscape. IBAs may include public or private lands, or both, and they may be already protected or not. IBA Protection Although the IBA program has no regulatory authority, it protects birds by making more people aware of the importance of essential habitat areas, and by promoting public and private commitment to bird-friendly land and resource management.
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These bat location estimates have been reported by Bogan and others (In press) and come in the form of a GIS shape file. Three species of nectar-feeding phyllostomid bats migrate north from Mexico into deserts of the United States (U.S.) each spring and summer to feed on blooms of columnar cacti and century plants (Agave spp). However, the habitat needs of these important desert pollinators are poorly understood. We followed the nighttime movements of two species of long-nosed bats (Leptonycteris yerbabuenae and L. nivalis) in an area of late-summer sympatry at the northern edges of their migratory ranges. We radiotracked bats in extreme southwestern New Mexico during 22 nights over two summers and acquired location...
The Egg Lake Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus canadensis nelsoni) sub-herd range extends northeast from the town of McCloud around Ash Creek to the Big Valley Mountains and as far east as Highway 139 near the community of Hackamore. During the winter, this sub-herd primarily resides to the east of Big Valley Mountains near Egg Lake in Modoc County, California. They migrate east to private timberlands and spend the spring and summer just outside of McCloud, California. Topography of this area is relatively flat, but gradually transitions to steeper slopes around creeks, and typical habitat includes Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), Sierran mixed conifer, and montane hardwood conifer forests. Another sub-herd is known to...
The elk (Cervus canadensis) of the Jemez herd reside primarily in and around the Valles Caldera National Preserve, west of Los Alamos, NM and along the mesa tops to the north and west of the Valles Caldera. The area has experienced two wildfires, the stand replacing Las Conchas Fire and the mixed severity Thompson Ridge fire, within the last decade, burning a total of 180,555 acres. The data used in this report was collected to examine the responses of elk to these wildfires and forest restoration treatments. The Jemez herd is only partially migratory, with residents that consistently remain on the Valles Caldera and individuals that travel to the surrounding lower elevation slopes depending on the year and snowpack...
The mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) of the Jemez Springs herd winter in the southwestern Jemez Mountains, south and east of the town of Jemez Springs. The area has experienced two severe wildfires, the Las Conchas and Thompson Ridge fires, within the last decade, burning a total of 180,555 acres. The data used in this report was collected to examine the responses of mule deer to these wildfires and forest restoration treatments. The winter range is located among the foothills of the Jemez Mountains, consisting primarily of pinyon-juniper woodlands. Individuals migrated an average of 26.1 miles, either to the western edge of the Jemez Mountains, near Blue Bird Mesa, or to the Valles Caldera. The central migration...
The San Francisco Peaks mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) herd makes one of Arizona’s most extraordinary annual migrations between Flagstaff, AZ and the Grand Canyon. The migration begins on summer range in GMU 7, where an estimated 5,300 mule deer reside. Their summer habitat contains alpine, subalpine, and ponderosa pine forests mixed with open grasslands and meadows. Beginning in October, a portion of the herd migrates north to GMU 9 to winter range along the South Rim containing pinyon-juniper, ponderosa pines, sagebrush, and cliffrose habitat. Through funding from Secretarial Order 3362, the Arizona Game and Fish Department (AZGFD) began a GPS collar study beginning in June of 2019. A total of 46 mule deer have...
Migratory mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) within the San Joaquin Watershed occupy most of the watershed above Kerckhoff Reservoir, Fresno and Madera Counties, California. Human infrastructure in the watershed is widespread and includes residential, water control, hydroelectric power, and recreational use developments. Steep topography between winter and summer range limit crossing points along the San Joaquin River. Habitat conditions favoring deer declined from a peak around 1950, resulting in a reduction in the deer population. The current deer population is believed to be about 4,000. A massive wildfire burned through most of the watershed in 2020, dramatically changing habitat conditions in some areas. These...
The Paunsaugunt Plateau in southern Utah is home to a prolific mule deer herd numbering around 5,200 individuals in 2019. In early October, these mule deer begin their migration from the Plateau traveling south distances up to 78 miles to winter range in the Buckskin Mountains near the Utah-Arizona border. Approximately 20-30% of the Paunsaugunt Plateau herd reside in northern Arizona during the winter, sharing winter range also used by deer from the Kaibab Plateau herd. Beginning in late April, deer reverse their migration to summer range on the Plateau. The most significant challenge for these deer is US Highway 89 which bisects this migration corridor and winter range, where deer-vehicle collisions have historically...
The rate of future climate change is likely to exceed the migration rates of most plant species. The replacement of dominant species by locally rare species may require decades, and extinctions may occur when plant species cannot migrate fast enough to escape the consequences of climate change. Such lags may impair ecosystem services, such as carbon sequestration and clean water production. Thus, to assess global change, simulation of plant migration and local vegetation change by dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) is critical, yet fraught with challenges. Global vegetation models cannot simulate all species, necessitating their aggregation into plant functional types (PFTs). Yet most PFTs encompass the full...
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Migratory species provide important benefits to society, but their cross-border conservation poses serious challenges. By quantifying the economic value of ecosystem services (ES) provided across a species’ range and ecological data on a species’ habitat dependence, we estimate spatial subsidies–how different regions support ES provided by a species across its range. We illustrate this method for migratory Northern Pintail ducks in North America. Pintails support over $101 million annually in recreational hunting and viewing and subsistence hunting in the U.S. and Canada. Pintail breeding regions provide nearly $30 million in subsidies to wintering regions, with the “Prairie Pothole” region supplying over $24 million...
Twelve wild adult Colorado pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus lucius), captured in the tailwaters of Taylor Draw Dam on the White River, Colorado, were implanted with radio transmitters and their movement patterns monitored from 1992 to 1994. The spawning migration of these fish was extensive. In 1993, the only full year of the study, the fish migrated an average of 658 km from the White River to spawning sites in the Yampa or Green rivers and back to the White River. Eight of these fish were translocated in the river upstream of the dam in April 1993. These fish and the 4 others below the dam remained in the river until May 1993. All 12 had migrated down the White River to spawning sites in the Green and Yampa rivers by...


map background search result map search result map Important Bird Areas (IBAs) for Wyoming at 1:500,000 Invertebrate Data Radar Data Radio telemetry data on nighttime movements of two species of migratory nectar-feeding bats (Leptonycteris) in Hidalgo County, New Mexico, late-summer 2004 and 2005 Data release for ecosystem service flows from a migratory species: spatial subsidies of the northern pintail Migration Routes of Mule Deer in the Paunsaugunt Plateau Herd in Utah Winter Ranges of Mule Deer in the Upper San Joaquin Watershed Herd in California Migration Corridors of Elk in the Egg Lake Herd in California Migration Stopovers of Elk in the Jemez Herd in New Mexico Migration Corridors of Mule Deer in the Kaibab Herd in Arizona Migration Corridors of Mule Deer in the San Francisco Peaks Herd in Arizona Migration Routes of Mule Deer in the San Francisco Peaks Herd in Arizona Migration Stopovers of Mule Deer in the Loyalton Herd in California and Nevada Migration Stopovers of Mule Deer in the Jemez Springs Herd in New Mexico Winter Ranges of Mule Deer in the Pueblo of Santa Ana Herd in New Mexico Annual Ranges of Pronghorn in the South of Interstate 40 Herd in Arizona Invertebrate Data Radar Data Winter Ranges of Mule Deer in the Upper San Joaquin Watershed Herd in California Migration Stopovers of Mule Deer in the Jemez Springs Herd in New Mexico Winter Ranges of Mule Deer in the Pueblo of Santa Ana Herd in New Mexico Migration Stopovers of Mule Deer in the Loyalton Herd in California and Nevada Migration Corridors of Elk in the Egg Lake Herd in California Migration Corridors of Mule Deer in the Kaibab Herd in Arizona Annual Ranges of Pronghorn in the South of Interstate 40 Herd in Arizona Migration Routes of Mule Deer in the San Francisco Peaks Herd in Arizona Migration Corridors of Mule Deer in the San Francisco Peaks Herd in Arizona Migration Routes of Mule Deer in the Paunsaugunt Plateau Herd in Utah Radio telemetry data on nighttime movements of two species of migratory nectar-feeding bats (Leptonycteris) in Hidalgo County, New Mexico, late-summer 2004 and 2005 Important Bird Areas (IBAs) for Wyoming at 1:500,000 Data release for ecosystem service flows from a migratory species: spatial subsidies of the northern pintail