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This dataset contains csv files in support of the conclusions published in "Water use demand in Mediterranean California under multiple scenarios of developed and agricultural land use " in the journal PLOS One. We used the USGS's LUCAS model to examine a broad suite of spatially explicit future land use scenarios and their associated county-level water use demand, including the historical (1992-2011) and projected periods (2012-2062) across 40 Monte Carlo simulations.We examined a range of potential water demand futures sampled from a 20-year record of historical (1992-2012) data to develop a suite of potential future land change scenarios from 2012-2062. These scenario simulations include a 1) business-as-usual...
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate tsunami hazard for the community of Seward and northern Resurrection Bay area, Alaska. This report will provide guidance to local emergency managers in tsunami hazard assessment. We used a numerical modeling method to estimate the extent of inundation by tsunami waves generated from earthquake and landslide sources. Our tsunami scenarios included a repeat of the tsunami of the 1964 Great Alaska Earthquake, as well as tsunami waves generated by two hypothetical Yakataga Gap earthquakes in northeastern Gulf of Alaska, hypothetical earthquakes in Prince William Sound and Kodiak asperities of the 1964 rupture, and local underwater landslides in Resurrection Bay. Results of numerical...
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Potential tsunami hazards for the Fox Islands communities of Unalaska/Dutch Harbor and Akutan were evaluated by numerically modeling the extent of inundation from tsunami waves generated by hypothetical earthquake sources and taking into account historical observations. Worst-case hypothetical scenarios are defined by analyzing results of a sensitivity study of the tsunami dynamics related to various slip distributions along the Aleutian megathrust. The worst-case scenarios for Unalaska and Akutan are thought to be thrust earthquakes in the Fox Islands region with magnitudes ranging from Mw 8.8 to Mw 9.1 that have their greatest slip at 30-40 km (18-25 mi) depth. We also consider Tohoku-type ruptures and an outer-rise...
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Staff from Alaska Earthquake Center, Geophysical Institute and Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys evaluated potential tsunami hazards for the city of Sand Point, on Popof Island in the Shumagin Islands archipelago. We numerically modeled the extent of inundation from tsunami waves generated by local and distant earthquake sources. We considered the results in light of historical observations. The worst-case scenarios are defined by analyzing results of the sensitivity study of the tsunami dynamics with respect to different slip distributions along the Aleutian megathrust. For the Sand Point area, the worst-case scenarios are thought to be thrust earthquakes in the Shumagin Islands region with magnitudes...
The paper traces the manner in which an obligation came to be imposed on select industries, requiring them to take account of amenity, wildlife and outdoor-recreational interests in the course of preparing and carrying out developmental schemes. Under pressure from the relevant voluntary bodies, the statutory obligations, first imposed on hydro-electric power development, were generalized to cover 'whole' industries, and then, under the Countryside Acts of 1967-68, were extended to all State utilities. The recent privatization of those industries has provided a further pretext for extending and strengthening the 'amenity' clause. The approach has provided important insights into how industry itself might become...
This paper proposes a regional and sectoral model of global final energy demand. For the main end-use sectors of consumption (industrial, commercial and public services, residential and road transportation), per-capita demand is expressed as an S-shaped function of per-capita income. Other variables intervene as well, like energy prices, temperatures and technological trends. This model is applied on a panel of 101 countries and 3 aggregates (covering the whole world) and it explains fairly well past variations in sectoral, final consumption since the beginning of the 2000s. Further, the model is used to analyze the dynamics of final energy demand, by sector and in total. The main conclusion concerns the pattern...
A severe sustained drought in the Colorado River Basin would cause economic damages throughout the Basin. An integrated hydrologic-economic-institutional model introduced here shows that consumptive water users in headwaters states are particularly vulnerable to very large shortfalls and hence large damages because their rights are effectively junior to downstream users. Chronic shortfalls to consumptive users relying on diversions in excess of rights under the Colorado River Compact are also possible. Nonconsumptive water uses (for hydropower and recreation) are severely affected during the worst drought years as instream flows are reduced and reservoirs are depleted. Damages to these uses exceeds those to consumptive...
Snow covered area (SCA) observations from the Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) were used in combination with a distributed snowmelt model to estimate snow water equivalent (SWE) in the headwaters of the Rio Grande basin (3,419 km2) - a spatial scale that is an order of magnitude greater than previous reconstruction model applications. In this reconstruction approach, modeled snowmelt over each pixel is integrated over the time of ETM+ observed snow cover to estimate SWE. Considerable differences in the magnitude of SWE were simulated during the study. Basin-wide mean SWE was 2�6 times greater in April 2001 versus 2002. Despite these climatological differences, the model adequately recovered SWE at intensive...
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We will develop a set of linked models to help predict the effects of climate change on rivers and endangered species. These will include watershed- and reach-scale models to predict streamflow, water temperatures, and other fish habitat metrics under various climatic scenarios for the reaches used by species listed under the Endangered Species Act (ESA), plus a combined bioenergetics and life-cycle model (to be done by the U.S. Geological Survey [USGS]) to assess the impact of these factors on fish growth, reproduction, and survival. We propose to test the model framework at a site on the Methow River, Washington, to explore additional opportunities for collaboration and model development.
To determine the dominant processes controlling nitrogen (N) dynamics in soils and increase insights into soil N cycling from nitrogen isotope (?15N) data, patterns of 15N enrichment in soil profiles were compiled from studies on tropical, temperate, and boreal systems. The maximum 15N enrichment between litter and deeper soil layers varied strongly with mycorrhizal fungal association, averaging 9.6 � 0.4? in ectomycorrhizal systems and 4.6 � 0.5? in arbuscular mycorrhizal systems. The 15N enrichment varied little with mean annual temperature, precipitation, or nitrification rates. One main factor controlling 15N in soil profiles, fractionation against 15N during N transfer by mycorrhizal fungi to host plants, leads...
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This dataset represents presence of Jack Pine (Pinus banksiana) in Minnesota (USA) at year 50 (2045) from a single model run of LANDIS-II. The simulation assumed Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) B2 emissions (moderate) and used the Hadley 3 global circulation model. Restoration harvest rates and intensities were simulated.
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This dataset represents presence of Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum) in Minnesota (USA) at year 0 (2145) from a single model run of LANDIS-II. The simulation assumed Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) B2 emissions (moderate) and used the Hadley 3 global circulation model. Contemporary harvest rates and intensities were simulated.
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This dataset represents presence of white pine (Pinus strobus) at year 100 (2095) from a single model run of LANDIS-II. The simulation assumed Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) B2 emissions (moderate) and used the Hadley 3 global circulation model. Contemporary harvest rates and intensities were simulated.
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Observed water temperatures from 1980-2019 were compiled for 2,332 lakes in the US. These data were used as training, test, and error-estimation data for process-guided deep learning models and the evaluation of process-based models. The data are formatted as a single csv (comma separated values) file with attributes corresponding to the unique combination of lake identifier, time, and depth. Data came from a variety of sources, including the Water Quality Portal, the North Temperate Lakes Long-Term Ecological Research Project, and digitized temperature records from the MN Department of Natural Resources. This dataset is part of a larger data release of lake temperature model inputs and outputs for these same lakes...
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This data release is comprised of a set of eight time travel map shapefiles (two tsunami inundation zones and four travel times) for use in GIS software applications and two population exposure by travel time tables (residents and nonresidences) for use in GIS software applications and other standalone spreadsheet applications. The travel time map was generated using the Pedestrian Evacuation Analyst model (version 1.0.1 for ArcGIS 10.5) from the USGS (https://geography.wr.usgs.gov/science/vulnerability/tools.html). The travel time analysis uses ESRI's Path Distance tool to find the shortest distance across a cost surface from any point in the hazard zone to a safe zone. This cost analysis considers the direction...
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Using predicted lake temperatures from uncalibrated, process-based models (PB0) and process-guided deep learning models (PGDL), this dataset summarized a collection of thermal metrics to characterize lake temperature impacts on fish habitat for 881 lakes. Included in the metrics are daily thermal optical habitat areas and a set of over 172 annual thermal metrics.
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Digital flood-inundation maps for an approximate 2.5-mile (mi) reach of the Clear Fork Mohican River that extends approximately from State Route 97 to the downstream corporate boundary for Bellville, Ohio, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Muskingum Watershed Conservancy District. The flood-inundation maps show estimates of the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at the USGS streamgage on the Clear Fork Mohican River at Bellville (station number 03131982). The maps can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/. Near-real-time stages at this streamgage...
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The depth grids show the depth of flooding on the Clear Fork Mohican River near Bellville, Ohio on local map backgrounds, based on stages of 9.0 ft to 17.0 ft at the USGS streamgage, Clear Fork Mohican River at Bellville, Ohio, 03131982.
This dataset provides shapefile outlines of the 7,150 lakes that had temperature modeled as part of this study. The format is a shapefile for all lakes combined (.shp, .shx, .dbf, and .prj files). A csv file of lake metadata is also included. This dataset is part of a larger data release of lake temperature model inputs and outputs for 7,150 lakes in the U.S. states of Minnesota and Wisconsin (http://dx.doi.org/10.5066/P9CA6XP8).
map background search result map search result map Evaluating Climate-Induced Runoff and Temperature Change on Stream Habitat Metrics for Endangered or Threatened Fish - BOR Project FY2011 Minnesota (USA) Climate Change Project: White Pine at Year 100 (2095), assuming emissions scenario B2, Hadley3 GCM, contemporary harvest rates and intensity Minnesota (USA) Climate Change Project: Jack Pine at Year 50 (2045), assuming emissions scenario B2, Hadley3 GCM, restoration harvest rates and intensity Minnesota (USA) Climate Change Project: Sugar Maple at Year 150 (2145), assuming emissions scenario B2, Hadley3 GCM, contemporary harvest rates and intensity Mediterranean California’s water use future based on scenarios of land use change 1992-2062 - Tabular Data Tsunami inundation maps of Seward and northern Resurrection Bay, Alaska Tsunami inundation maps of Fox Islands communities, including Dutch Harbor and Akutan, Alaska Tsunami inundation maps for the city of Sand Point, Alaska Pedestrian tsunami evacuation results for two tsunami-inundation zones (2009 and probable maximum tsunami (PMT)) and four travel speeds (slow walk, fast walk, slow run, and fast run) for American Samoa Depth grids for flood-inundation maps in and near Bellville, Ohio Floodplain boundaries for flood-inundation maps in and near Bellville, Ohio Process-based water temperature predictions in the Midwest US: 1 Spatial data (GIS polygons for 7,150 lakes) Walleye Thermal Optical Habitat Area (TOHA) of selected Minnesota lakes: 7 thermal and optical habitat estimates Predicting Water Temperature Dynamics of Unmonitored Lakes with Meta Transfer Learning: 2 Water temperature observations Exploring the exceptional performance of a deep learning stream temperature model and the value of streamflow data: 3 Model inputs Floodplain boundaries for flood-inundation maps in and near Bellville, Ohio Depth grids for flood-inundation maps in and near Bellville, Ohio Tsunami inundation maps for the city of Sand Point, Alaska Tsunami inundation maps of Seward and northern Resurrection Bay, Alaska Tsunami inundation maps of Fox Islands communities, including Dutch Harbor and Akutan, Alaska Evaluating Climate-Induced Runoff and Temperature Change on Stream Habitat Metrics for Endangered or Threatened Fish - BOR Project FY2011 Minnesota (USA) Climate Change Project: Sugar Maple at Year 150 (2145), assuming emissions scenario B2, Hadley3 GCM, contemporary harvest rates and intensity Minnesota (USA) Climate Change Project: White Pine at Year 100 (2095), assuming emissions scenario B2, Hadley3 GCM, contemporary harvest rates and intensity Minnesota (USA) Climate Change Project: Jack Pine at Year 50 (2045), assuming emissions scenario B2, Hadley3 GCM, restoration harvest rates and intensity Walleye Thermal Optical Habitat Area (TOHA) of selected Minnesota lakes: 7 thermal and optical habitat estimates Mediterranean California’s water use future based on scenarios of land use change 1992-2062 - Tabular Data Predicting Water Temperature Dynamics of Unmonitored Lakes with Meta Transfer Learning: 2 Water temperature observations Process-based water temperature predictions in the Midwest US: 1 Spatial data (GIS polygons for 7,150 lakes) Exploring the exceptional performance of a deep learning stream temperature model and the value of streamflow data: 3 Model inputs