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Firm estimates have been given of the oil, gas and gas-liquid reserves that Mexico is likely to develop in the next decade or more. But the decision has yet to be made as to how fast and how far its energy resources should be developed. One faction, including the Pemex technocrats, believe that foreign capital should be utilized with all speed, to accelerate Mexico's export of energy products, especially to the US. Another group argues that the development of domestic and agrarian enterprises should be granted a higher priority. The resolution of the debate, and the recovery of the world oil market, will determine whether Mexico will become one of the richest or the most unstable of the oil exporters in the Third...
Firm estimates have been given of the oil, gas and gas-liquid reserves that Mexico is likely to develop in the next decade or more. But the decision has yet to be made as to how fast and how far its energy resources should be developed. One faction, including the Pemex technocrats, believe that foreign capital should be utilized with all speed, to accelerate Mexico's export of energy products, especially to the US. Another group argues that the development of domestic and agrarian enterprises should be granted a higher priority. The resolution of the debate, and the recovery of the world oil market, will determine whether Mexico will become one of the richest or the most unstable of the oil exporters in the Third...
This paper empirically examines the dynamic causal relationships between carbon dioxide emissions, energy consumption, economic growth, trade openness and urbanization for the panel of newly industrialized countries (NIC) using the time series data for the period 1971–2007. Using four different panel unit root tests it is found that all panel variables are integrated of order 1. From the Johansen Fisher panel cointegration test it is found that there is a cointegration vector among the variables. The Granger causality test results support that there is no evidence of long-run causal relationship, but there is unidirectional short-run causal relationship from economic growth and trade openness to carbon dioxide emissions,...
This paper empirically examines the dynamic causal relationships between carbon dioxide emissions, energy consumption, economic growth, trade openness and urbanization for the panel of newly industrialized countries (NIC) using the time series data for the period 1971–2007. Using four different panel unit root tests it is found that all panel variables are integrated of order 1. From the Johansen Fisher panel cointegration test it is found that there is a cointegration vector among the variables. The Granger causality test results support that there is no evidence of long-run causal relationship, but there is unidirectional short-run causal relationship from economic growth and trade openness to carbon dioxide emissions,...
Offshore exploration and production of oil and gas have increased significantly in the last decade. Computer models are used in emergency response, contingency planning, and impact assessment to simulate the behavior of oil and gas if accidentally released from a well, pipeline, or ship. There are two types of models used for this purpose-models that have both plume dynamics stage and the advection diffusion stage and models that are of simplified nature that has only the advection diffusion stage. This paper compares both types of models and shows what information are similar and what are different and under what conditions. The paper also examines in detail about different criteria that can be used as the transition...
Firm estimates have been given of the oil, gas and gas-liquid reserves that Mexico is likely to develop in the next decade or more. But the decision has yet to be made as to how fast and how far its energy resources should be developed. One faction, including the Pemex technocrats, believe that foreign capital should be utilized with all speed, to accelerate Mexico's export of energy products, especially to the US. Another group argues that the development of domestic and agrarian enterprises should be granted a higher priority. The resolution of the debate, and the recovery of the world oil market, will determine whether Mexico will become one of the richest or the most unstable of the oil exporters in the Third...
Important policy issues concerning the mitigation of impacts from construction and development affecting wetlands are under examination by the U.S. Congressional Office of Technology Assessment, the Environment and Public Works Committee of the U.S. Senate, and the National Wetlands Technical Council. The issues divide into two main parts: (1) how the current strategy to simplify federal regulation of wetlands is limiting the success of mitigation; and (2) how to change the present strategy for mitigation under the U.S. Clean Water Act, if at all. Requirements for site-specific analysis of impacts and their mitigation requirements are being replaced by simple, uniform national guidelines on impact mitigation; these...
This paper empirically examines the dynamic causal relationships between carbon dioxide emissions, energy consumption, economic growth, trade openness and urbanization for the panel of newly industrialized countries (NIC) using the time series data for the period 1971–2007. Using four different panel unit root tests it is found that all panel variables are integrated of order 1. From the Johansen Fisher panel cointegration test it is found that there is a cointegration vector among the variables. The Granger causality test results support that there is no evidence of long-run causal relationship, but there is unidirectional short-run causal relationship from economic growth and trade openness to carbon dioxide emissions,...
As technical efficiency improvement in energy use remains a touchstone measure to curb greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, there is substantial concern about whether this approach can offset the large and expanding impacts of human actions. Critics contend that without adjustments to the prevailing consumptive lifestyle, energy efficiency improvement will generate only token reductions in GHG emissions. I address this concern by examining the extent to which technical efficiency improvement in energy use offsets the impacts of housing-related lifestyle on GHG emissions. I build from two perspectives, the physical-technical-economic models that consider energy efficiency improvement as a potent strategy to curb residential...
Firm estimates have been given of the oil, gas and gas-liquid reserves that Mexico is likely to develop in the next decade or more. But the decision has yet to be made as to how fast and how far its energy resources should be developed. One faction, including the Pemex technocrats, believe that foreign capital should be utilized with all speed, to accelerate Mexico's export of energy products, especially to the US. Another group argues that the development of domestic and agrarian enterprises should be granted a higher priority. The resolution of the debate, and the recovery of the world oil market, will determine whether Mexico will become one of the richest or the most unstable of the oil exporters in the Third...
This paper empirically examines the dynamic causal relationships between carbon dioxide emissions, energy consumption, economic growth, trade openness and urbanization for the panel of newly industrialized countries (NIC) using the time series data for the period 1971–2007. Using four different panel unit root tests it is found that all panel variables are integrated of order 1. From the Johansen Fisher panel cointegration test it is found that there is a cointegration vector among the variables. The Granger causality test results support that there is no evidence of long-run causal relationship, but there is unidirectional short-run causal relationship from economic growth and trade openness to carbon dioxide emissions,...
Despite a history of problems, nuclear power is being discussed as a potentially useful and appropriate electricity source for both developed and developing countries. For example, expanding nuclear power's share of electricity portfolios could reduce, relative to a fossil-intensive baseline, greenhouse gas emissions that lead to climate change. Moreover, nuclear power has long been advocated as a route to energy security and indeed, for many of the nuclear nations, it could decrease dependence on oil imports under certain technological scenarios, such as an increased use of plug-in hybrid vehicles. The nuclear industry argues that a new generation of reactors, representing a refinement of existing technology, will...