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Petroleum within unconventional source-rock reservoirs is hosted in organic matter and mineral pore space as well as in voids and microfractures. Recent work has shown that for source-rock reservoirs in the dry gas window, significant portions of methane (CH4), the main component of petroleum at elevated maturities, can be stored within fine organic matter porosity. However, within reservoirs at lower thermal maturities (e.g., peak oil or wet-gas conditions), the distribution and behavior of CH4 and the higher alkanes that comprise gas condensates across pore sizes is unclear, especially for fine pores with diameters <50 nm. Understanding CH4 within these settings provides insight for petroleum generation, movement,...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Colorado,
Contrast Matching,
Denver-Julesburg Basin,
Energy Resources,
Gas Condensate,
The Appalachians are a landscape filled with globally-significant biological diversity and cultural resources that provides essential benefits to large cities and surrounding human communities. The region is also rich in energy resources that meet national and regional demands for energy. As wind, natural gas, and oil energy development expand along with traditional coal, there is an increasing need for research to inform discussions on how to meet immediate and future energy needs while sustaining the health of natural systems. To help address this need, the Appalachian LCC awarded a grant to The Nature Conservancy to assess current and future energy development across the entire region. Assessing Future Energy...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Academics & scientific researchers,
AppLCC,
Appalachian,
Conservation NGOs,
Data,
For sample mounting, organic petrology laboratories typically use cold-setting epoxy-resin (e.g., 40°C, used by Oklahoma Geological Survey, OGS) or heat-setting plastic (e.g., 180°C, used by U.S. Geological Survey, USGS). Previous workers have suggested a systematic vitrinite reflectance (VRo) increase was associated with the thermoplastic preparation process, relative to epoxy mounting, which was attributed to moisture loss from the transient high temperatures of plastic mounting. In this study, we evaluated thermal effects to low maturity organic matter from transient exposure to elevated temperatures. A subbituminous coal sample was subjected to long-term (4 to 38 weeks) exposure to temperatures of 85 to 120°C...
Inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) analysis data compiled using sample preparation procedures outlined by ASTM D2013/D2013M-18 and ASTM D6357, and using two independent sets of element standards for instrument calibration. Additional analysis methodologies are described in detail in the resulting publication Rare earth elements and yttrium in Pennsylvanian coals and shales in the eastern part of the Illinois Basin (Mastalerz et al., 2020).
Categories: Data;
Types: Data,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Brazil Formation,
Coal,
Coal Ash,
Dugger Formation,
Illinois Basin,
The nanoscale molecular composition of kerogen is a challenging parameter to characterize given the chemical and structural complexity exhibited by this important biopolymer. However, kerogen composition will strongly impact its reactivity and so is a critical parameter to understand petroleum generation processes during kerogen catagenesis. The recent advent of tip-enhanced analytical methods, such as atomic force microscopy-based infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR), has allowed for the major compositional features of kerogen to be elucidated at spatial resolutions at or below 50 nm. Here we apply AFM-IR to examine inertinite, an important kerogen maceral type, from an immature Eagle Ford Shale sample. Our data show...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Atomic force microscopy-based infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR),
Energy Resources,
Geochemistry,
Organic matter,
Shale,
Solid bitumen is a petrographically-defined secondary organic matter residue produced during petroleum generation and subsequent oil transformation. The presence of solid bitumen impacts many shale reservoir properties including porosity, permeability, and hydrocarbon generation and storage, amongst others. Furthermore, solid bitumen reflectance is an important parameter for assessing the thermal maturity of formations with little to no vitrinite. While the molecular composition of solid bitumen will strongly impact associated parameters such as the development of organic matter porosity, hydrocarbon generation, and optical reflectance, assessing the molecular composition of solid bitumen in situ within shale reservoirs...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Energy Resources,
Geochemistry,
Oil and gas resources,
Organic matter,
Shale,
This dataset contains estimated total organic carbon (TOC) calculated using the delta log R (dlogR) method, developed by Passey and others (1990), within BasinMod modeling software for the Tuscaloosa marine shale (TMS) in southwestern Mississippi, U.S.A. BasinMod is a modeling software developed by Platte River Associates, Inc. Using version 2021-03-03 of the software, sonic and resistivity logs and a background TOC of 0.8 weight percent were used to calculate dlogR TOC in the TMS high resistivity zone (HRZ) after baselining these two log curves in a non-source rock interval within the TMS. Due to variable mineralogy between the upper and lower sections of the TMS, two baselines were selected to determine whether...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Amite County,
Energy Resources,
Franklin County,
Mississippi,
North America,
The Appalachian Landscape Conservation Cooperative (LCC) provided a grant to Cornell University Environmental Engineers to study how the region’s surface freshwater supply and the health of natural systems delivering this resource have been impacted and may be altered in the coming years under increasing water withdrawals.The research focuses on the Marcellus Shale region in the Central Appalachians, including portions of New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Maryland, West Virginia, and Virginia. In addition to considering the cumulative impacts of water withdrawals, the researchers looked at specific impacts of large water withdrawals with hydraulic fracturing in the Marcellus Shale region as one example.Datasets include...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Academics & scientific researchers,
AppLCC,
Appalachian,
Conservation NGOs,
Conservation planning,
Fractionation of petroleum during migration through sedimentary rock matrices has been observed across lengths of meters to kilometers. Selective adsorption of specific chemical moieties at mineral surfaces and/or the phase behavior of petroleum during pressure changes are typically invoked to explain this behavior. Given the current emphasis on unconventional (continuous) resources, there is a need to understand petroleum fractionation occurring during expulsion and migration at the nanometer to micron scale, due to the fine-grained nature of petroliferous mudrocks. Here organic matter compositional differences observed within kukersite petroleum source beds (containing acritarch Gloeocapsomorpha prisca) from the...
Here the spatial variation in Raman estimates of thermal maturity within individual organic domains from several shale geologic reference materials originating from the Boquillas, Marcellus, Niobrara, and Woodford Formations are assessed from the respective Raman response. We show that for all four shales the thermal maturity parameters extracted from Raman spectra by iterative peak fitting can vary widely across distances of ≤5 µm within the same organic domain.
Categories: Data;
Tags: CEMEX quarry,
Carter County, Oklahoma,
Del Rio, Val Verde County, Texas,
Energy Resources,
Geochemistry,
This data release accompanies a Fact Sheet on the ShBOQ-1 geochemical reference material (Birdwell and Wilson, 2021). Average and standard deviations reported in the Fact Sheet were calculated using the values compiled here.
Categories: Data;
Tags: Del Rio,
Energy Resources,
Geochemical Reference Material,
Texas,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Here we report ultra-high resolution infrared mapping of organic matter functional group distribution in Tasmanites (algal microfossils) from the Upper Devonian Ohio Shale using optical photothermal infrared spectroscopy (O-PTIR). O-PTIR is capable of rapidly measuring the vibrational response of samples in situ with ~500-nm spatial resolution, well below the infrared diffraction limit. Our results indicate that organic matter within the fold apices regions (zones of greatest deformation) of relatively large Tasmanites is more aliphatic and less oxygen-rich than organic matter in the surrounding Tasmanites body. This contrasts with data from relatively thinner Tasmanites which show statistically invariant chemical...
This dataset represents sedimentary basins associated with the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) shale plays as of May 6, 2011. A play is a set of known or postulated oil and gas accumulations sharing similar geologic, geographic, and temporal properties, such as source rock, migration pathway, timing, trapping mechanism, and hydrocarbon type. A play is often used to refer to a natural gas accumulation; in this case a natural gas shale play. Shale gas is produced from wells that are open to shale formations. Shale is a fine-grained, sedimentary rock composed of mud from flakes of clay minerals and tiny fragments (silt-sized particles) of other materials. Land containing shale are susceptible to hyrdaulic...
Categories: Data;
Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service,
ArcGIS Service Definition,
Downloadable,
Map Service;
Tags: Shale,
fracking potential,
geoscientificInformation,
hydraulic fracturing
The molecular composition of petroliferous organic matter and its composition evolution throughout thermal advance are key to understanding and insight into petroleum generation. This information is critical for comprehending hydrocarbon resources in unconventional reservoirs, as source rock organic matter is highly dispersed, in contact with the surrounding mineral matrix, and may be present as multiple organic matter types. Here, a combination of Raman spectroscopy and optical microscopy approaches was applied to a marginally mature (vitrinite reflectance ~0.5%) sample of the Late Cretaceous Boquillas Shale before and after hydrous pyrolysis (HP) at 300 °C and 330 °C for 72 hours. This experimental design allowed...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Energy Resources,
Energy resources,
Hydrous pyrolysis,
Mudrock,
Organic matter,
These data were compiled to assess the response of vegetation and biological soil crusts to drought in a semi-arid ecosystem on the Colorado Plateau near Moab, Utah. Objective(s) of our study were to explore how vegetation cover, soil conditions, and growing season nitrogen (N) availability are impacted by multifaceted drying climate conditions using data from a long-term precipitation reduction experiment (30% reduction). In 2010, U.S. Geological Survey biologists installed paired experimental plots with a control plot and a plot covered by a shelter that excluded 35% of incoming precipitation. These 40 sites represent shallow vs. deep soils and sandstone vs. shale parent material. These data were collected at...
To test reproducibility of vitrinite and solid bitumen reflectance measurements in mudrocks, an interlaboratory study (ILS) was conducted using six samples from United States unconventional petroleum systems. Samples selected from the Marcellus, Haynesville, Eagle Ford, Barnett, Bakken and Woodford are representative of resource plays currently under exploitation in North America. All samples are from marine depositional environments, are thermally mature (Tmax >445°C) and have moderate to high organic matter content (2.9 to 11.6 wt.% TOC). The organic matter of the sample is dominated by solid bitumen, which contains intraparticle nano-porosity. Visual evaluation of organic nano-porosity via SEM suggests that intraparticle...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Bee County,
Billings County,
Energy Resources,
Harrison County,
Monongalia County,
This data release contains mercury injection capillary pressure (MICP), pseudo-wetting saturation, and carbon dioxide (CO2) column height data for subsurface Tuscaloosa Group samples from Mississippi and Louisiana.
Categories: Data;
Tags: Adams County,
Amite County,
CO2 column,
East Feliciana Parish,
Energy Resources,
Bitumen reflectance data from a sample collected from the vertical EOG TATTOO D129 A28-F/094-O-10 ("Tattoo") well in the Horn River Basin, as part of the collection of a high-resolution geochemical data set.
In order to determine the innate microbial community of shale gas reservoirs and how they are impacted by hydraulic fracturing, this study analyzed biomass collected from produced water and rock from hydraulically fractured wells in the Utica Shale. The samples include rock chips from a drill core from one Utica well, produced water from that same Utica well, and produced water from 12 different Utica wells that had been in production between 1-5 years, spanning the oil and gas windows of SE Ohio. The samples were filtered for biomass, extracted, amplified, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on the Illumina MiSeq platform.
Categories: Data;
Tags: 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing,
Energy Resources,
Field Sampling,
Geochemistry,
Hydraulic Fracturing,
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