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This dataset includes the following measurements made over a managed lawn at Fort Logan Cemetery in Denver Colorado in 2011 and 2012. (No measurements were made in winter months: December, January, February). 1) half hourly eddy covariance measurements of evapotranspiration and fluxes of carbon dioxide and sensible heat 2) half hour averages of solar and net radiation, air temperature and humidity, soil temperature, moisture, and heat flux, and half hour sums of precipitation. 3) approximately weekly measurements of vegetation: leaf area index, height of vegetation, dry and wet weights
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Fort Logan National Cemetery,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
evaporation,
greenhouse gases,
land use and land cover,
Actual evapotranspiration (ETa) rates from the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) method, before and after bias corrections (Sepúlveda, 2021), are presented for basins located in the Tampa Bay Water (TBW) area. The SSEBop annual rates are provided at about a one square-kilometer scale from 2000 to 2017. Annual ETa rates calculated from the application of the water-balance method (wbETa) to 8 basins in the TBW area and annual land-use ETa (luETa) rates calculated from monthly average crop coefficient ratios are also provided in this data set. A GIS shapefile provides land-use type and annual ETa rate for each year of record. Data are tabulated in spreadsheets for each basin and are referred to...
Actual evapotranspiration (ETa) rates from the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) method, before and after bias corrections, are presented for basins located wholly or partially within the St. Johns River Water Management District (SJRWMD). The SSEBop annual rates are provided at about a one square-kilometer scale from 2000 to 2017. Annual ETa rates calculated from the application of the water-balance method (wbETa) to 19 basins in the SJRWMD and annual land-use ETa (luETa) rates calculated from monthly average crop coefficient ratios are also provided in this data set. A GIS shapefile provides land-use type and annual ETa rate for each year of record. Data are tabulated in spreadsheets for each...
This data release contains monthly 270-meter gridded Basin Characterization Model (BCMv8) climate inputs and hydrologic outputs for Los Angeles (LA). Gridded climate inputs include: precipitation (ppt), minimum temperature (tmn), maximum temperature (tmx), and potential evapotranspiration (pet). Gridded hydrologic variables include: actual evapotranspiration (aet), climatic water deficit (cwd), snowpack (pck), recharge (rch), runoff (run), and soil storage (str). The units for temperature variables are degrees Celsius, and all other variables are in millimeters. Monthly historical variables from water years 1896 to 2019 are summarized into water year files and long-term average summaries for water years 1981-2010....
This data set contains polygons representing potential areas of groundwater discharge (PAGWD) for the upper Humboldt River Basin, northeastern Nevada.
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Discharge,
Dixie Creek-Tenmile Creek,
ET,
ET unit,
Elko Segment,
The following files contain source data for use of the Community Land Model 4.0 at two study sites in Volcanoes National Park, Hawai'i. Included are: Biometric data: 1) Growth increment data for Thurston and Olaa, based on dbh surveys done in four 10 m by 10 m plots at over a 12 year time period at Thurston and at six plots overs a 12 year period at Olaa, 2) Field measured leaf area index data. Measurements were made using LAI-2000 and LAI-2200 instruments, 3) Litterfall from Thurston and Olaa over a 17-mo period from June 2014 to Sep 2015. Data were sorted by species/litter type. Data are weights., 4) Field measured soil respiration data scaled to annual values and compared with tower-based measurements of ecosystem...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Ball-Berry's m,
Forests,
Gross primary production,
Landscapes,
Pacific Islands CASC,
In water-limited environments of the intermountain region of North America, summer precipitation may play a role in the structure and function of aridland communities and ecosystems. This study examined the potential reliance on summer precipitation of two widespread, coexisting woody species in the southwestern United States, Pinus edulis Englmn. (Colorado piñon) and Juniperus osteosperma (Torr) Little (Utah juniper). The current distributions of P. edulis and J. osteosperma are highly suggestive of different dependencies on summer rainfall. We hypothesized that P. edulis was dependent on summer precipitation, utilizing summer precipitation even during extremely dry summers, whereas J. osteosperma was not dependent,...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: Juniperus osteosperma,
Oecologia,
Pinus edulis,
Springer Berlin / Heidelberg,
Summer precipitation,
Numerous basins of the intermountain area often have extensive playa surfaces that are nearly devoid of vegetation. Margins of these playas support sparse communities dominated by chenopod shrubs Allenrolfea occidentalis (iodine bush) and Sacrobatus vermiculatus (black greasewood). These plants establish and persist in an environment where halomorphic soils induce extreme osmotic stress and atmospheric precipitation is very low and erratic and occurs largely during the winter when temperatures are too low for growth. We measured net CO2 assimilation rates, leaf conductances, transpiration rates, water-use efficiencies, and stem xylem potentials for these two C3 species. Data were collected in above-average (1991)...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: Western North American Naturalist,
black greasewood,
conductance,
iodine bush,
photosynthesis,
Continually rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations and possible climatic change may cause significant changes in plant communities. This study was undertaken to investigate gas exchange in two important grass species of the short-grass steppe, Pascopyrum smithii (western wheat-grass), C3, and Bouteloua gracilis (blue grama), C4, grown at different CO2 concentrations and temperatures. Intact soil cores containing each species were extracted from grasslands in north-eastern Colorado, USA, placed in growth chambers, and grown at combinations of two CO2 concentrations (350 and 700 ?mol mol?1) and two temperature regimes (field average and elevated by 4�C). Leaf gas exchange was measured during the second, third and fourth...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: Plant, Cell & Environment,
blue grama,
carbon dioxide,
climatic change,
photosynthesis,
Growth of vegetative and reproductive structures in Artemisia tridentata is temporally separated during the growing season; vegetative growth occurs during spring and early summer when soil moisture is most abundant, while reproductive growth occur during summer and fall when soil moisture may be limiting. Vegetative and reproductive structures may therefore exhibit contrasting efficiencies of resource acquisition and investment resulting from temporal differences in resource availability during their development. We examined the effect of water stress on growth, photosynthesis, and resource investment for vegetative and reproductive modules of Artemisia tridentata by applying supplemental water. No differences...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: Artemisia tridentata,
Ecology,
biomoass allocation,
carbon isotope discrimination,
net photosynthesis,
Measured AET monthly rates in file AET_Monthly_Totals.csv were calculated at these ET monitoring stations in central and east-central Florida: Duda Farms, Blue Cypress, Reedy Lake, Orlando Urban, Disney Preserve, Lyonia Preserve. The monthly AET rates measured at these sites are compared side by side with the monthly AET rates calculated using the SSEBop method. The SSEBop AET rates were obtained from Gabriel Senay, one of the authors of Savoca and others, 2013, where the SSEBop methodology is explained. The measured AET monthly rates at the ET sites are presented as another way to assess the reliability of the SSEBop AET rates. The Florida ET network grid pixel numbers used for this comparison are: Duda Farms -...
Categories: Data;
Tags: East Florida Coastal,
Florida,
climatology, Meteorology, Atmosphere,
evaporation,
transpiration
In cooperation with the Puerto Rico Environmental Quality Board, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) calculated over 40 different basin characteristics as part of preparing the Puerto Rico StreamStats application. These data were used to update the peak flow and low flow regression equations for Puerto Rico. These datasets are raster representations of various environmental, geological, and land use attributes within the Puerto Rico StreamStats 2020 study area, and will be served in the Puerto Rico StreamStats 2020 application to describe delineated watersheds. The StreamStats application provides access to spatial analytical tools that are useful for water-resources planning and management, and for engineering and...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
GeoTIFF,
Map Service,
Raster;
Tags: Atmosphere,
Hydrology,
Precipitation,
Precipitation Frequency,
Puerto Rico,
This U.S. Geological Survey data release provides the data and citations for selected tables and figures in “Agriculture-A river runs through it-The connections between agriculture and water quality”. This Circular is based on the National Water-Quality Assessment Project’s study of Agricultural Chemicals: Sources, Behavior, and Transport. This study focused on the connections between agriculture and water quality by examining multiple components of the hydrological system within agricultural areas to improve the understanding of how agricultural chemicals are transported into and through streams and groundwater. These data support the following publication: Capel, P.D., McCarthy, K.A., Coupe, R.H., Grey, K.M.,...
This data release contains monthly 270-meter resolution Basin Characterization Model (BCMv8) climate and hydrologic variables for Localized Constructed Analog (LOCA; Pierce et al., 2014)-downscaled HadGEM2-CC Global Climate Model (GCM) for Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 (medium-low emissions) and 8.5 (high emissions) for hydrologic California. The LOCA climate scenarios span water years 1950 to 2099 with greenhouse-gas forcings beginning in 2006. The LOCA downscaling method has been shown to produce better estimates of extreme events and reduces the common downscaling problem of too many low-precipitation days (Pierce et al., 2014). Ten GCMs were selected from the full ensemble of models from the...
This data release contains monthly 270-meter resolution Basin Characterization Model (BCMv8) climate and hydrologic variables for Localized Constructed Analog (LOCA; Pierce et al., 2014)-downscaled HadGEM2-ES Global Climate Model (GCM) for Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 (medium-low emissions) and 8.5 (high emissions) for hydrologic California. The LOCA climate scenarios span water years 1950 to 2099 with greenhouse-gas forcings beginning in 2006. The LOCA downscaling method has been shown to produce better estimates of extreme events and reduces the common downscaling problem of too many low-precipitation days (Pierce et al., 2014). Ten GCMs were selected from the full ensemble of models from the...
This data release contains monthly 270-meter gridded Basin Characterization Model (BCMv8) climate inputs and hydrologic outputs for Smith (SM). Gridded climate inputs include: precipitation (ppt), minimum temperature (tmn), maximum temperature (tmx), and potential evapotranspiration (pet). Gridded hydrologic variables include: actual evapotranspiration (aet), climatic water deficit (cwd), snowpack (pck), recharge (rch), runoff (run), and soil storage (str). The units for temperature variables are degrees Celsius, and all other variables are in millimeters. Monthly historical variables from water years 1896 to 2019 are summarized into water year files and long-term average summaries for water years 1981-2010. Four...
This dataset, created in support of USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2020-5075, Estimates of Groundwater Discharge by Evapotranspiration, Stump Spring and Hiko Springs, Clark County, Nevada, 2016-18, represents the groundwater discharge area (GDA) for the Stump Springs riparian area and Area of Critical Environmental Concern (ACEC). Vegetated areas within the GDA are composed of phreatophytic shrubs interspersed with xeric vegetation and bare soil. The GDA was delineated by visual interpretation of 1-meter National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) aerial imagery acquired in May of 2015. The ACEC boundary was determined by the Bureau of Land Management.
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Clark County,
ET,
Nevada,
Stump Spring,
climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere,
This dataset, created in support of USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2020-5075, Estimates of Groundwater Discharge by Evapotranspiration, Stump Spring and Hiko Springs, Clark County, Nevada, 2016-18, represents a Normalized Difference Vegetation Index calculated for vegetated areas in the Stump Spring groundwater discharge area (GDA) and Area of Critical Environmental Concern (ACEC). Vegetated areas within the GDA are composed of phreatophytic shrubs interspersed with xeric vegetation and bare soil. The GDA was delineated by visual interpretation of 1-meter National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) aerial imagery acquired in May of 2015. The NDVI was calculated from a June 2017 WorldView 2 image resampled...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
GeoTIFF,
Map Service,
Raster;
Tags: Clark County,
ET,
Nevada,
Stump Spring,
biota,
This vector dataset consists of 2 polygon shapefiles representing the groundwater discharge areas (GDA) and evapotranspiration (ET) units for the Amargosa Wild and Scenic River and contributing areas. GDAs were delineated by visual interpretation and subdivided into ET units of moist soil, open water, and vegetated areas.
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Amargosa River,
California,
California Valley,
Chicago Valley,
ET unit,
This data release supports U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Scientific Investigations Report 2023-5106, Groundwater Discharge by Evapotranspiration from the Amargosa Wild and Scenic River and Contributing Areas, Inyo and San Bernardino Counties, California. It consists of two comma-separated values (CSV) files containing data collected at two USGS atmospheric monitoring locations (USGS site identification numbers 355846116160401 and 355918116161801) beginning in January 2018 and lasting for approximately 1 year. The data include 30-minute values for cumulative normalized flux for 6 circular areas around each site and 30-minute values for unadjusted total evapotranspiration. The radii of the circular areas are 25, 50,...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Amargosa River,
California,
California Valley,
Chicago Valley,
Climatology,
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