Filters: Tags: urbanization (X) > partyWithName: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase (X)
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The data in this release describe various aspects of the impacts of urbanization on evapotranspiration at local to global spatial scales. This data release is associated with the publication of these results in a concurrent journal article. Analyses in the journal article included comparisons between urban and non-urban ET in a variety of climate settings and spatial scales. Urbanization has been shown to locally increase the nighttime temperatures creating urban heat islands, which partly arise due to evapotranspiration (ET) reduction. It is unclear how the direction and magnitude of the change in local ET due to urbanization varies globally across different climatic regimes. This knowledge gap is critical, both...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Land Use Change,
Remote Sensing,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
World,
evapotranspiration,
The file "Chloride_specific_conductance_regression_model_forms_for_estimating_high-frequency_chloride_concentrations.csv" contains the regression equation forms for two types of regressions: 1) single linear (SLR) and 2) piecewise (or segmented; SEG) regression between specific conductance (SC) and chloride (Cl) concentrations for 56 USGS water-quality monitoring stations across the eastern United States, plus four regional regressions developed by pooling data for sites within a region (see Moore and others (in review) for more information). Some sites, and all regions, have both SLR and SEG models reported in this table. The analysis included in the Moore and others (in review) study used results from the SLR...
Physical and chemical changes affect the biota within urban streams at varying scales ranging from individual organisms to populations and communities creating complex interactions that present challenges for characterizing and monitoring the impact on species utilizing these freshwater habitats. Salmonids, specifically cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii) and coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), extensively utilize small stream habitats influenced by a changing urban landscape. This study used a comprehensive fish health assessment concurrent with the U.S. Geological Survey’s Pacific Northwest Stream Quality Assessment in 2015 to quantifiy impacts from disease in juvenile coho and cutthroat salmon, impacts to...
Categories: Data;
Types: Citation,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Aquatic Biology,
Bioenergtics,
Church Creek,
Coulter Creek,
East Fork Dairy Cree,
The dataset summarizes total area (km2) and proportion of Central Valley waterbird habitat, summed across individual waterbird habitats (i.e., wetland and cropland types), that was available for each of 17 projected scenarios. The dataset also includes relatively recent (year 2005) area of existing habitat (i.e., “existing area”) for comparison with areas based on scenarios. Analysis was conducted for the projection period including water-years 2006–2099 (water-year defined as October-December and January–September of the following year). Because habitat areas vary through the season with timing of crop harvest and flooding of wetlands and post-harvested fields, annual areas and proportions represent summation...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Central Valley of California,
climate change,
cropland,
habitat,
urbanization,
This product consists of time-series calculations of anthropogenic characteristics derived for 16 data themes for multiple scales covering the conterminous United States. The characteristics are those which (a) have consistent data sources, and (b) have the potential to affect the water quality of streams and rivers. All 16 data themes are provided for Hydrologic Unit Code level-10 (HUC-10) boundaries (n = 15,458). Additionally, measures of land use and imperviousness are provided for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Level 4 ecoregions (n = 967) and for U.S. counties (n = 3,109). The data may be scaled up to broader areas; that is, HUC-10 data may be scaled up to HUC-8, 6, 4, or HUC-2 areas, Level 4...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Atmospheric Deposition,
Census of Agriculture,
Conservation Practices,
Conterminous US,
Crop Reserve Program,
Policy-relevant flood risk modeling must capture interactions between physical and social processes to accurately project impacts from scenarios of sea level rise and inland flooding due to climate change. Here we simultaneously model urban growth, flood hazard change, and adaptive response using the FUTure Urban-Regional Environment Simulation (FUTURES) version 3 framework (Sanchez et al., 2023). FUTURES is an open source urban growth model designed to address the regional-scale ecological and environmental impacts of urbanization; it is one of the few land change models that explicitly captures the spatial structure of development in response to user-specified scenarios. We present probabilistic land change projections...
This data set includes estimated chloride concentrations for the 93 USGS water quality monitoring stations located across the eastern United States. Chloride concentrations were predicted using regression equations that established the relationship between simultaneous measurements of chloride and specific conductance (SC). Site-specific models were developed and applied when data were available, and regional regression models were used where there were insufficient data available to establish a site-specific regression model. These models were applied to high-frequency SC data sets to produce high-frequency predicted chloride concentrations at 2-minute to 1-hour intervals, depending on the frequency at which SC...
Observations (reduced to detected/not detected) of 45 vertebrate species (seven mammals, seven amphibians, and 31 reptiles) across Southern California pitfall sampling projects conducted between 1995 through 2015. Habitat patch locations of every pitfall sampling project presented in a shapefile. Habitat patches were measured based on the size when pitfall sampling began within each. Sampling projects within the same geographic area may have different sized patches based on date of project sampling and if patch erosion occurred. A matrix of whether each species was expected within each habitat patch's species pool based on range maps and published records is also included. These data support the following publication:...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Los Angeles County,
Orange County,
Riverside County,
San Bernardino County,
San Diego County,
We simulated future patterns of urban growth using the FUTure Urban-Regional Environment Simulation (FUTURES; Meentemeyer et al., 2013) version 2 framework. FUTURES is an open source urban growth model designed to address the regional-scale ecological and environmental impacts of urbanization; it is one of the few land change models that explicitly captures the spatial structure of development in response to user-specified scenarios. We present probabilistic land change projections that predict urban growth under a Status Quo scenarios of growth. We computed each scenario for 50 stochastic iterations from 2020 through 2100 at annual time steps.
The dataset summarizes areas of Central Valley wetland and cropland waterbird habitats available for each of 17 projected scenarios by each month (August–December and following January–March). The dataset also includes relatively recent (year 2005) area of existing habitat (i.e., “existing area”) for comparison with habitat areas based on scenarios. Cropland habitats are defined as winter-flooded rice, unplowed dry rice, winter-flooded corn, unplowed dry corn, and other winter-flooded cropland (in Tulare basin). Wetlands are defined as summer-irrigated seasonal wetland, seasonal wetland that is not summer-irrigated, and semipermanent wetland (combines semipermanent and permanent wetland types). Thus, data on availability...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Central Valley of California,
climate change,
cropland,
habitat,
urbanization,
Urban growth and climate change together complicate planning efforts meant to adapt to increasingly scarce water supplies. Several studies have shown the impacts of urban planning and climate change separately, but little attention has been given to their combined impact on long-term urban water demand forecasting. Here we coupled land and climate change projections with empirically-derived coefficient estimates of urban water use (sum of public supply, industrial, and domestic use) to forecast water demand under scenarios of future population densities and climate warming. We simulated two scenarios of urban growth from 2012 to 2065 using the FUTure Urban-Regional Environment Simulation (FUTURES) framework. FUTURES...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Land Use Change,
Land use change,
North Carolina,
Projection,
Scenario,
This dataset contains digitized land use/land cover (LULC) for the years 2011, 2015, and 2017. The dataset contains a 1-meter resolution raster maps for each year covering the geographic area for six watersheds within and near the Clarksburg Special Protection Area located in Montgomery County, Maryland, USA. The area includes LULC within 500-foot buffered watersheds. Watershed boundaries for Cabin Branch (CB), Crystal Rock (CR), Soper Branch (SB), Tributary 104 (T104), and Tributary 109 (T109) were derived using USGS topographic maps while Ten Mile Creek (TMC) was derived using Montgomery County, Maryland LiDAR data. LULC classes include a water class (10), impervious surface class (20), barren class (30), forest...
The U.S. Geological Survey’s SPAtially Referenced Regression On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) for the Southeastern United States was used to simulate changes in total nitrogen, total phosphorus and suspended sediment load in streams under two scenarios: (1) where all forests are urbanized and (2) where all forests are urbanized and runoff is adjusted based on a non-forested landscape. This data release includes model input not published with the original model and used for scenario simulations, and model output for total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and suspended sediment under baseline conditions, scenario (1), and scenario (2). Original model input, output, and shapefiles are available (Roland and Hoos, 2020,...
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Alabama,
Florida,
Georgia,
Hydrology,
Land Use Change,
The dataset accompanies Figures 2–4 of Matchett and Fleskes (2018) and therein the subject data are referenced as "Table A1". Data summarize peak abundance (km2) of Central Valley waterbird habitats (i.e., wetland and flooded cropland types) that are available between August and April (of the following year) for each of 17 projected scenarios by planning basin, scenario, and habitat. Area of each habitat for each scenario-basin combination is provided for the month when the most area of the respective habitat is typically flooded and available for waterbird use (i.e., January for all wetlands and winter-flooded rice and corn, and September for other winter-flooded crops in Tulare Basin). The dataset also includes...
Categories: Data;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Central Valley of California,
basin,
birds,
climate change,
cropland,
This dataset describes streamflow and precipitation event statistics for four watersheds located in Clarksburg, Maryland, USA. Streamflow and precipitation events were identified from fourteen years of sub-daily (5- and 15-minute) monitoring data from October 1, 2004 through September 30, 2018. A 6-hour inter-event window was used to define discrete streamflow and precipitation events. The following streamflow metrics were calculated for each event area normalized peak streamflow, runoff yield, runoff ratio, streamflow duration, time to peak, and rise rate. Precipitation event metrics include total precipitation depth and precipitation event duration.
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Clarksburg,
Germantown,
Hydrology,
Land Change Science,
Land Use Change,
This data set includes input data for the development of regression models to predict chloride from specific conductance (SC) data at 56 U. S. Geological Survey water quality monitoring stations in the eastern United States. Each site has 20 or more simultaneous observations of SC and chloride. Data were downloaded from the National Water Information System (NWIS) using the R package dataRetrieval. Datasets for each site were evaluated and outliers were removed prior to the development of the regression model. This file contains only the final input dataset for the regression models. Please refer to Moore and others (in review) for more details. Moore, J., R. Fanelli, and A. Sekellick. In review. High-frequency...
The extensive development of oil and natural-gas resources in south Texas during the past 10 years has led to questions regarding possible environmental effects of processes associated with oil and natural-gas production, in particular the process of hydraulic fracturing, on water and other natural resources. Part of the lower San Antonio River watershed intersects an area of oil and natural-gas production from the sedimentary rocks that compose the Eagle Ford Group. The rapid expansion of infrastructure associated with oil and natural-gas production increases potential pathways for inorganic and organic contaminants to enter surface-water systems. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the San Antonio...
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Bexar County,
Cibolo Creek,
Comal County,
DeWitt County,
Ecleto Creek,
The data were gathered as a preliminary assessment of soil microbiology and conditions in selected urban stormwater best management practices (BMPs) in Clarksburg, MD. Four bioretention facilities (BF), four dry ponds (DP), and four surface sand filters (SSF) were selected. Three samples were taken from each BMP (a single sample from one dry swale (DS) was also collected). BMPs were selected based on their position along various stormwater treatment trains. Soil samples were taken after precipitation events in the summer of 2015 and analyzed for various soil chemistry parameters and microbial taxonomic profiling.
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Clarksburg,
Land Use Change,
Maryland,
Montgomery County,
Soil Sciences,
The U.S. Geological Survey Central Midwest Water Science Center completed a report (Over and others, 2023) documenting methods, results, and applications of an updated flood-frequency study for the State of Illinois. The study developed regional regression equations that relate the peak-flow quantiles and the basin characteristics of selected streamgages in Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin, based on data through water year 2017 (a water year is the period from October 1 to September 30 and is designated by the year in which it ends; for example, water year 2017 was from October 1, 2016, to September 30, 2017). The data provided through this data release are those digital datasets of basin characteristics that have...
Matchett and Fleskes (2018) evaluated availability of wetland and agricultural habitats used by waterbirds overwintering in the Central Valley of California under 17 scenarios of projected climate, urbanization, and water supply management (for more information about scenarios see scenario description and Table 1 in Matchett and Fleskes [2018]). Central Valley waterbird habitats investigated in this research included managed flooded wetlands and croplands and dry cropland habitats. Flooded cropland habitats are defined as winter-flooded rice, winter-flooded corn, and other winter-flooded cropland (in Tulare basin). Flooded wetlands are defined as summer-irrigated seasonal wetland, seasonal wetland that is not summer...
Categories: Data;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Central Valley of California,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
basin,
birds,
climate change,
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