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This data collection includes ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data and related observations collected from the NASA Goddard Instrument Field Team (GIFT) Expedition to the Icelandic Highlands in July-August 2019 and August 2021. This dataset includes observations at the Askja Volcano and caldera and Vikrahraun lava flow. GPR data were collected using Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc (GSSI) shielded bistatic antennas at center frequencies of 200 MHz, 400 MHz, and 900 MHz. Common offset surveys were conducted to investigate the subsurface interfaces. The GPR data includes raw data obtained from the instrument (as GSSI .dzt files), line shapefiles of survey locations, and interpreted ice thickness GeoPackage files with...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Askja,
Iceland,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Volcanic ash,
caldera,
On 16 July 2021, measurements were made of the volcanic gases emitted from Iliamna Volcano, Mount Douglas, Mount Martin, and Mount Mageik (Alaska, USA) from aboard a fixed-wing aircraft. Two zenith-facing differential optical absorption spectrometers were used to measure incident scattered solar ultraviolet radiation while traversing beneath the gas plumes on multiple occasions. These data were used to derive volcanic SO2 column densities and emission rates. In addition to the remote sensing payload, two in situ instruments were used to make measurements of trace gas concentrations while on flight paths through the volcanic plumes: a USGS multi-GAS (multiple Gas Analyzer System; Werner et al., 2017) analyzer for...
This data release contains information about the lava samples that were collected during two volcanic eruptions of Kīlauea Volcano, Island of Hawai‘i. The first eruption occurred from 1983 to 2018 at Pu‘u‘ō‘ō and the second occurred contemporaneously from 2008 to 2018 at the summit lava lake. The data release provides a comprehensive list of lava samples that are currently stored in the physical sample archive of the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO). The information in the data release includes details about the sampling sites and how the samples were collected. Most of the samples were collected to study the pre-eruptive chemistry and petrology of the magma that fed the eruption and to track its changes over...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Geochemistry,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Volcanology,
biota,
geochemistry,
Isotopic compositions (87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 176Hf/177Hf, 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb, 208Pb/204Pb) and major oxide and trace element concentrations of Quaternary basalts, hawaiites, mugearites, benmoreites, and trachytes from northern Harrat Rahat, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Categories: Data;
Tags: Geochemistry,
Saudi Arabia,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Volcanology,
isotopes,
The lateral blast, debris avalanche, and lahars of the May 18th, 1980, eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington, dramatically altered the surrounding landscape. Lava domes were extruded during the subsequent eruptive periods of 1980-1986 and 2004-2008. During 2022, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers contracted the acquisitions of airborne lidar surveys of Mount St. Helens crater and two primary drainages–upper North Fork Toutle River and South Fork Toutle River with GeoTerra, Inc. The U.S. Geological Survey generated a terrain dataset from the classified point cloud with supplied breaklines and modified lake hydro-flattening, then exported a single digital elevation model (DEM) of the ground surface (that is, 'bare earth'),...
In the past century, eruptions of Steamboat Geyser in Yellowstone’s Norris Geyser Basin were mainly clustered in three episodes: between 1961 and 1969, between 1982 and 1984, and in a sequence of eruptions that began in 2018 (Reed et al., 2021) and resulted in extensive damage to, and mortality of the surrounding trees. To characterize tree response to geyser activity over time, and the response of geyser activity to climate variability, aerial and ground imagery were analyzed to document changes in tree coverage around the geyser since 1954. Twenty samples of silicified tree remnants were collected from near the geyser vent for radiocarbon (14C) dating to determine if trees grew during periods when the geyser was...
The Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) uses an informal set of names for about 140 'volcanoes.' Some names refer to large, complex volcanic centers, while others indicate only a specific cone. This publication expands the list of 140 named volcanoes to include all volcanic vents where magma has reached the surface over the past 2.6 million years. This database of all known (published, or unpublished with permission) Quaternary volcanic vents was developed to better describe the nature and character of Quaternary volcanism in Alaska and specifically to aid in the discussion of spatial and temporal patterns of Alaska volcanism. This list is a preliminary starting point, and we hope that it is updated and expanded by...
This dataset comprises the locations of volcanoes and volcanic centers in Alaska.
A fissure eruption occurred in Kīlauea Volcano’s Lower East Rift Zone (LERZ) from April to September 2018. During this event, volcanic gases were emitted from three active areas on the volcano. The most intense degassing occurred at the active fissures in the LERZ, thus causing parts of Hawaiʻi Island’s Puna district to be exposed to life-threatening sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentrations. At the same time, gas emissions from the volcano’s summit and East Rift Zone (ERZ) slowly declined from their decade-long averages as magma drained from the volcano’s shallow plumbing system. Throughout the eruption, the USGS used a Mobile Differential Optical Absorption Spectrometer (Mobile DOAS) to record ultraviolet (280 – 420...
Alamagan Volcano is a Quaternary stratovolcano along the Mariana Arc, an active subduction zone in the western Pacific Ocean. Although primarily submerged, its peak reaches above sea level, with subaerially-exposed volcanic deposits dating back through the Holocene to the late Pleistocene. These feature data represent such deposits and other geologic features of Alamagan Volcano, describing its interpreted eruptive history.
Categories: Data;
Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service,
ArcGIS Service Definition,
Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Alamagan Island,
Andesite,
Intermediate volcanic rock,
Lava flow,
NMI_Alamagan,
Airborne electromagnetic (AEM) and magnetic survey data were collected during June 2012 along 556 line-kilometers over Iliamna Volcano, Alaska. These data were collected in support of alteration and volcano flank instability mapping as part of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Volcano Hazards Program. Data were acquired by SkyTEM Survey ApS SkyTEM304 system with the Soloy Helicopters Eurocopter Astar 350 B3 and Bell 407 dual-moment, time-domain helicopter-borne electromagnetic system together with a Geometrics G822A cesium vapor magnetometer with Kroum KMAG4 counter. The survey was flown at a nominal flight height of 30 meters (m) above terrain along block-style lines with a nominal spacing of 250 m. The survey...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Alaska,
GGGSC,
Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center,
Iliamna Volcano,
Kenai Peninsula,
This dataset contains Unoccupied Aircraft Systems (UAS) footage from the 2018 eruption of Kīlauea Volcano’s lower East Rift Zone (LERZ), Island of Hawai‘i. The four-month-long eruption, from May 3 to September 5, produced lava flows that destroyed 723 structures, inundated 35.5 km2 of land, and added 3.5 km2 of new land to the Island of Hawai‘i. There are 1178 UAS videos in this publication, recorded from May 27 to September 8, which have been separated into sub-pages by month. Videos taken during each month are separated into zipped files by date (YYYY/MM/DD) and location. Sub-pages for each month also contain a ReadMe text file with information pertaining to the videos, including flight end time, video duration,...
This data release includes measurements of the surface elevation of the lava lake within Halemaʻumaʻu crater, at the summit of Kīlauea Volcano, during the 2008-2018 summit eruption (Patrick and others, 2021). The data were measured by several instruments (laser rangefinder, webcams, lidar) and are compiled here to provide the most complete dataset yet available on the elevation of Kīlauea’s 2008-2018 summit lava lake. The measurement intervals range from 1 s to 1 day, with most of the 9-year period covered by hourly measurements. The dataset begins with daily measurements of the emergent lake in 2009 and 2010. After 2010, continuous lake activity was tracked with hourly measurements of lava level that continued...
An intrusion into Kīlauea’s upper East Rift Zone during June 17–19, 2007, during the 1983–2018 Pu‘u‘ō‘ō eruption, led to widespread ground cracking and a small (~1,525 m3) eruption on the northeast flank of the Kānenuiohamo cone, about 6 km upslope from the Pu‘u‘ō‘ō vent. Electromagnetic profiles using the very-low-frequency (VLF) technique (McNeill and Labson, 1991) were measured along transects spanning the dike trace, and zones of ground cracking related to the intrusion were mapped. The locations of crack zones and the VLF receiver measurements suggest that the Father’s Day dike splayed as it approached the surface, dividing into four segments—one between Pauahi Crater and Pu‘uhuluhulu and three en echelon...
Categories: Data;
Tags: East Rift Zone,
Episode 56,
Father's Day event,
Island of Hawaiʻi,
Kānenuiohamo,
An intrusion into Kīlauea’s upper East Rift Zone during June 17–19, 2007, during the 1983–2018 Pu‘u‘ō‘ō eruption, led to widespread ground cracking and a small (~1,525 m3) eruption on the northeast flank of the Kānenuiohamo cone, about 6 km upslope from the Pu‘u‘ō‘ō vent. Transmitted and induced very-low-frequency (VLF) magnetic fields were measured with a handheld VLF receiver (e.g., McNeill and Labson 1991) along transects spanning the dike trace, and zones of ground cracking related to the intrusion were mapped. This dataset records measurements collected using a Geonics Limited EM16 very low frequency (VLF) electromagnetic receiver along eight transects across and perpendicular to the presumed trace of the 2007...
Categories: Data;
Tags: East Rift Zone,
Episode 56,
Father's Day event,
Hawaii,
Hawaii Volcanoes National Park,
An intrusion into Kīlauea’s upper East Rift Zone during June 17–19, 2007, during the 1983–2018 Pu‘u‘ō‘ō eruption, led to widespread ground cracking and a small (~1,525 m3) eruption on the northeast flank of the Kānenuiohamo cone, about 6 km upslope from the Pu‘u‘ō‘ō vent. Transmitted and induced very-low-frequency (VLF) magnetic fields were measured with a handheld VLF receiver along transects spanning the dike trace, and zones of ground cracking related to the intrusion were mapped. This dataset records the location, trend, width, and opening direction of a subset of new cracks formed during the June 2007 Father's Day dike intrusion and eruption.
Categories: Data;
Tags: East Rift Zone,
Episode 56,
Father's Day event,
Hawaii,
Hawaii Volcanoes National Park,
This geologic database is a digitized version of the 1:24,000-scale original analog geologic map titled "Geologic map of the Parker NW, Parker, and parts of the Whipple Mountains SW and Whipple Wash quadrangles, California and Arizona", published by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 1980. The map area straddles the Arizona-California border and includes the community of Parker, AZ, and the southeastern part of the Whipple Mountains, where the prominent Whipple Mountains Detachment Fault separates lower plate Cretaceous and older gneisses from upper plate crystalline, volcanic, and sedimentary rocks. The Whipple Mountains are surrounded by numerous Neogene sedimentary units that record the arrival and subsequent...
The catastrophic, explosive eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington, on May 18, 1980, is the most well-known eruption of the volcano. Less well known is the May 18th eruption marked the beginning of a period of eruptive activity that lasted through 1986. From October 1980 through October 1986, a series of 17 dome-building episodes added millions of cubic meters of lava to the crater floor. Most of the growth occurred when magma extruded onto the surface of the dome, forming short (650 to 1,300 feet), thick (65 to 130 feet) lava flows. This data release is a 2-meter resolution digital elevation model (DEM) and hillshade raster derived from a previously unpublished 1:4,000 scale topographic contour map, based on...
This digital terrain model represents historical elevations along the valley of the North Fork Toutle River upstream of its confluence with the Green River in Cowlitz and Skamania Counties, Washington. Most elevations were derived from U.S. Geological Survey 1:62,500 scale topographic quadrangle maps published from 1953 to 1958 that were derived from aerial photographs taken in 1951 and 1952. Elevations representing the bed of Spirit Lake, at the head of the valley, were derived from a bathymetric map based on survey data from 1974. Elevations are in units of meters and have been adjusted to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988.
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
GeoTIFF,
Map Service,
Raster;
Tags: Cowlitz,
Cowlitz County,
Geography,
Lower Cowlitz,
Mount Saint Helens,
This digital data release contains geospatial geologic data compiled for northeastern California, a region predominantly covered by Quaternary and Neogene volcanic rocks. Geologic map data were compiled for the purposes of interpreting data from two aeromagnetic surveys that were flown for the area; geologic compilation focused on the existence and location of faults and volcanic features - those geologic elements considered most likely to produce a magnetic anomaly. Geologic data, compiled from published sources, include the location and characteristics of geologic contacts and faults, mapped geologic polygons, boundaries of volcanic edifices, and the location of volcanic vents. The digital geologic database presented...
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