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Natural attenuation of organic contaminants in groundwater can give rise to a series of complex biogeochemical reactions that release secondary contaminants to groundwater. In a crude oil contaminated aquifer, biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons is coupled with the reduction of ferric iron (Fe(III)) hydroxides in aquifer sediments. As a result, naturally occurring arsenic (As), adsorbed to Fe(III) hydroxides in the aquifer sediment, is mobilized from sediment into groundwater. However, Fe(III) in sediment of other zones of the aquifer has the capacity to attenuate dissolved As via re-sorption. To better evaluate how long-term biodegradation coupled with Fe-reduction and As mobilization can redistribute As mass...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minnesota,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
arsenic,
biodegradation,
biogeochemical cycling,
This data release is part of a study designed to test geochemical methods that best delineate known mineral deposits in the northeast part of the Tanacross 1° x 3° quadrangle, within the Yukon-Tanana Upland region, Alaska. The total area sampled is about 3,200 km2. Extensive tundra cover and patchy spruce/alder vegetation and very limited outcrop exposure characterize the area. Soils and stream sediments contain mixtures of weathered bedrock, sand derived from dunes developed during the Pleistocene, and volcanic ash deposits from the 1.2 Ky eruption of the nearby Mount Churchill volcano. Several mineral deposits are known in the area, including the Late Cretaceous to earliest Tertiary porphyry Cu (+/-Mo-Au) deposits...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Alaska,
Bluff,
Economic Geology,
Economic geology,
Fishhook,
Pipelines carrying acid mine drainage at Iron Mountain and Leviathan Mines (CA, USA) develop pipe scale, a precipitate that forms inside the pipelines. The U.S. Geological Survey is studying the composition of the pipe scale and the acid mine drainage water flowing through the pipeline through field samples and laboratory experimentation. This data release provides the data from the studies of the pipelines from 2012-2015 as a data compendium to a journal publication, and includes (1) water chemistry of the acid mine drainage; (2) mineralogy of pipe scale (X-ray diffraction and chemical extractions); and (3) laboratory experiment results.
Categories: Data;
Tags: Alpine County,
California,
Geochemistry,
Iron Mountain Mine,
Leviathan Mine,
Many headwater streams in the midwestern United States were channelized for agricultural drainage. Conservation practices are implemented to reduce nutrient, pesticide, and sediment loadings within these altered streams. The impact of these practices is not well understood because their ecological impacts have not been evaluated and the relationships between water chemistry and fishes are not well understood. We evaluated relationships between water chemistry and fish communities within channelized headwater streams of Cedar Creek, Indiana, and Upper Big Walnut Creek, Ohio. Measurements of water chemistry, hydrology, and fishes have been collected from 20 sites beginning in 2005. Multiple regression analyses indicated...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Data Visualization & Tools,
Indiana,
Landscapes,
Northeast CASC,
Ohio,
The Savannah Harbor Expansion Project (SHEP) began in January 2015 with the purpose of deepening the Savannah Harbor federal shipping channel to allow access to larger shipping vessels (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 2018a). There are various features and mitigation efforts to the SHEP, one of which is the installation of a dissolved-oxygen (DO) injection system at two locations along the Savannah River to maintain pre-SHEP DO levels in the harbor (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 2018b). The injection systems are installed upstream near Georgia Power Plant McIntosh in Effingham County, Georgia and downstream near Hutchinson Island, Chatham County, Georgia. Designed to maintain DO levels in the harbor as they were before...
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collected porewater samples from nine suction lysimeters in 2018, 2019, and 2021 for analysis of organic and inorganic constituents from the National Crude Oil Spill Fate and Natural Attenuation Research Site near Bemidji, MN. In August of 1979, approximately 1,700,000 L (liters), or 10,700 barrels, of crude oil spilled onto a glacial outwash aquifer. Sampled lysimeters included L310-1.5, L310-4.5, L1802-1.8, L9014-1.5, L9014-3.0, L9014-4.5, L9017-1.3, L9017-2.5, and L9017-3.7. This data release presents data on analytes that are important indicators of biodegradation processes. Some of these analytes, if present in elevated concentrations, can be a concern regarding potential effects...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Bemidji,
Energy Resources,
Environmental Health,
Minnesota,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
These data were compiled to quantify the role of Lake Powell in modulating salinity and reducing overall salt flux from the Upper Colorado River Basin downstream. In addition, these data were used to infer summertime calcite precipitation in Lake Powell (the major proposed sink for salt within the system). The Lake Powell Calcium Magnesium data contains summertime surface water calcium and magnesium concentrations along three transects that span the two major inflows to Lake Powell and the region of Lake Powell closest to the dam. The Modeled Salinity data was used to compare measured total dissolved solid concentrations at Lees Ferry to the instantaneous flow-weighted concentration of total dissolved solid entering...
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board collected produced water samples from four petroleum wells in the southern San Joaquin Valley on November 5, 2014. This digital dataset contains the site information, analyzing laboratories and methods, and water chemistry and quality control results for these samples. Water chemistry results include concentrations of dissolved hydrocarbon gases and their isotopic composition; concentrations of inorganic constituents including salinity, major ions, and nutrients; dissolved organic carbon; and stable isotopes of water and strontium dissolved in water. Samples were analyzed by 5 laboratories operated or contracted...
Categories: Data;
Types: Citation;
Tags: California,
Geochemistry,
Kern County,
San Joaquin Valley,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Oklahoma State University South-Central Research Station (SCRS) was used to conduct research to understand the chemical composition of various water types and their potential environmental and human health effects. The study area provided the opportunity to study five water types: (1) receiving surface water (Washita River), (2) urban stormwater, (3) wastewater treatment plant effluent used for irrigation, (4) rain-induced runoff from an effluent-irrigated cornfield, and (5) rain-induced runoff from a dryland cornfield. Fifteen water samples were collected from August 2018 to October 2019. In addition, two composite above ground whole-corn plant samples (i.e., stem, leaves, grain) were collected from the effluent...
This U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) data release contains stream water chemistry and streamflow data collected in late August and early September, 2021 from 28 sites located throughout Colorado, USA. The sampled streams all drain high-elevation mountain watersheds in areas where the bedrock is hydrothermally altered and contains abundant sulfide minerals. Most sampled streams are therefore affected by natural acid-rock drainage. All sites had been sampled in prior years so that the 2021 data could be used to evaluate potential changes in stream water chemistry in recent decades. Streamflow was also quantified at most sites using data from a sodium chloride slug addition wherein specific conductivity readings were...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Environmental Health,
GGGSC,
Geochemistry,
Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center,
Hydrology,
Historical water and gas chemistry data from geothermal areas are important for detecting long-term patterns, informing geothermal energy exploration, development, and use, and for contextualizing more recent data. The U.S. Geological survey has published water and gas chemistry data from geothermal areas in the western United States, which is primarily available as scanned PDF files. This makes the data difficult to access or include in large-scale data analysis. This data release provides digitized and reformatted data from 20 previously published U.S. Geological Survey Open-File reports and journal articles, representing 1867 water chemistry samples and 313 gas chemistry samples. All data have been standardized...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Geochemistry,
Hydrology,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Water Resources,
dissolved gases,
This USGS data release contains 2013 streamflow, baseflow, and precipitation data from three hydrologically-diverse streams in the United States used to develop a conceptual framework for effectively anticipating water-quality changes resulting from changes in agricultural activities. The framework combined generalized concepts on the movement of water, the environmental behavior of chemicals and eroded soil, and the designed functions of various agricultural activities. The framework addresses the impacts on water quality of a broad range of agricultural chemicals and sediment across a variety of hydrologic settings. • Chesterville Branch near Crumpton, Maryland, (USGS site ID - 01493112) had substantial baseflow...
Categories: Data;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Indiana,
Kansas,
Maryland,
National Water Quality Program,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
The responses (survival, growth, and/or reproduction) of test organisms in six concentrations of toxicants in several test waters with different water quality characteristics. In addition to the individual biological data, chemical, and water quality measurements from each toxicity test are also reported. Test organisms include unionid mussels (Lampsilis siliquoidea, Villosa iris), a midge (Chironomus dilutus), fish (rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas), 2 amphibians (Hyla versicolor, Lithobates sylvaticus), and an amphipod (Hyalella azteca).
This data release includes sampling location data, field-collected water chemistry data, cation and anion concentration data for water and tissues of submerged aquatic vegetation, aquatic insect larvae, adult aquatic insects and riparian spiders from 35 first- and second-order sub-alpine streams that ranged over several orders of magnitude in metal concentrations but were similar in elevation, geology, and stream morphology. Sampling was completed in late summer, after snowmelt runoff was complete and as the streams approached baseflow conditions.
Dataset consists of 4-day, 14-day, and full life responses of laboratory cultured mayflies (Neocloeon triangulifer) to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). Responses were measured as survival at 4 days, 14 days, pre-emergent nymph (PEN) stage, and emergence; 14-day length; number of days to PEN stage, and imago live weight. Water quality and analytical chemistry results associated with toxicity data are included.
This U.S. Geological Survey Data Release provides data collected from Nolin Lake Kentucky, during 2016 to 2017. Two types of data are reported: zooplankton and phytoplankton data are raw calculated values not rounded to USGS significant figures and continuous water-quality data collected with a multi-parameter sonde. The zooplankton, phytoplankton, and water-quality data describe a swarm of the invasive cladoceran Daphnia lumholtzi (D. lumholtzi) Sars, 1885 in a Kentucky USA reservoir during midwinter 2017.
This data set presents chemical data for water column samples from USGS and Klamath Tribe sites in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon. Surface water, bottom water and integrated water samples were analyzed for major cations including metals and anions including chloride, sulfate, alkalinity, phosphate silicate and nitrate. Values for pH ranging from 7.3 to 10.0 are also reported.
Categories: Data;
Tags: USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon,
surface water quality,
water chemistry
In a crude-oil-contaminated sandy aquifer at the Bemidji site in northern Minnesota, biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons has resulted in release of naturally occurring As to groundwater under Fe-reducing conditions. This data set was collected for a study that used chemical extractions of aquifer sediments collected in 1993 and 2011-2014 to evaluate the relationship between Fe and As in different redox zones (oxic, methanogenic, Fe-reducing, anoxic-sub-oxic transition) of the contaminated aquifer over a twenty year period. The data presented showed that 1) the aquifer has the capacity to naturally attenuate the plume of dissolved As, primarily through sorption; 2) Fe and As are linearly correlated in sediment...
Categories: Data;
Tags: USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Water Quality,
arsenic,
biodegradation,
biogeochemical cycling,
This data release documents water-quality data collected from April 2010 through December 2016 by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System from across the San Antonio segment of the Edwards aquifer with particular emphasis on nutrients and pesticides. Additional data regarding inorganic compounds and selected stable isotopes were obtained to provide a geochemical framework for characterizing source inputs and observed chemical changes during periods of hydrologic transition. Water-quality data were collected from surface-water and groundwater sites representing rural and urban land cover types. Data were obtained from unconfined wells in the recharge zone to characterize the rapid...
Located in south-central Texas, the Geronimo Creek and Plum Creek watersheds have long been characterized by elevated nitrate concentrations. From April 2015 through March 2016, an investigation was done by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority (GBRA) and the Texas State Soil and Water Conservation Board (TSSWCB), to assess nitrate (as nitrogen) concentrations and to document possible sources of elevated nitrate as nitrogen in these two watersheds. Water-quality samples were collected from 20 groundwater, spring, and stream sites across the two watersheds, along with precipitation samples and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent samples from the Plum Creek watershed....
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