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Forage fish play a vital role in marine ecosystems by funneling biomass and energy from lower trophic levels to higher marine vertebrates, including commercial fish, seabirds and marine mammals. Often it is useful to investigate factors influencing forage fish populations from the bottom up, and is equally fruitful to monitor the status of predators that influence them from the top down. Seabirds are conspicuous, highly mobile consumers of forage fish that go to great distances and depths to locate ephemeral prey. They can be effective samplers of regional food webs, providing a valuable complement to traditional fisheries sampling. We used the diet of Tufted Puffins (Fratercula cirrhata) to characterize forage...
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U.S. Department of the Interior
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U.S. Geological Survey
