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Improvements and Evaluation of the Agro-Hydrologic VegET Model for Large-Area Water Budget Analysis and Drought Monitoring We enhanced the agro-hydrologic VegET model to include snow accumulation and melt processes and the separation of runoff into surface runoff and deep drainage. Driven by global weather datasets and parameterized by land surface phenology (LSP), the enhanced VegET model was implemented in the cloud to simulate daily soil moisture (SM), actual evapotranspiration (ETa), and runoff (R) for the conterminous United States (CONUS) and the Greater Horn of Africa (GHA). Evaluation of the VegET model with independent data showed satisfactory performance, capturing the temporal variability of SM (Pearson correlation r: 0.22–0.97), snowpack (r: 0.86–0.88), ETa (r: 0.41–0.97), and spatial variability of R (r: 0.81–0.90). Absolute... Categories: Publication; Types: Downloadable; Tags: Horn of Africa, VegET model, actual evapotranspiration, conterminous United States, drought, All tags... land surface phenology, runoff, snow melt, soil moisture, water budget, Fewer tags Asking Nicely: Best Practices for Requesting Data Abstract (from Ecological Informatics): Compiling disparate datasets into publicly available composite databases helps natural resource communities explore ecological trends and effectively manage across spatiotemporal scales. Though some studies have reported on the database construction phase, fewer have evaluated the data acquisition and distribution process. To facilitate future data sharing collaborations, Louisiana State University surveyed data providers and requestors to understand the characteristics of effective data requests and sharing. Data providers were largely U.S. natural resource agency personnel, and they reported that unclear data requests, privacy issues, and rigid timelines and formats were... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation Long-Term (1986–2015) Crop Water Use Characterization over the Upper Rio Grande Basin of United States and Mexico Using Landsat-Based Evapotranspiration The evaluation of historical water use in the Upper Rio Grande Basin (URGB), United States and Mexico, using Landsat-derived actual evapotranspiration (ETa) from 1986 to 2015 is presented here as the first study of its kind to apply satellite observations to quantify long-term, basin-wide crop consumptive use in a large basin. The rich archive of Landsat imagery combined with the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model was used to estimate and map ETa across the basin and over irrigated fields for historical characterization of water-use dynamics. Monthly ETa estimates were evaluated using six eddy-covariance (EC) flux towers showing strong correspondence (r2 > 0.80) with reasonable error rates... Categories: Publication; Types: Document; Tags: Landsat, New Mexico, SSEBop model, Upper Rio Grande Basin, actual evapotranspiration, All tags... land remote sensing, water-use trends, Fewer tags A Web-Based Application for Exploring Potential Changes in Design Peak Flow of US Urban Areas Driven by Land Cover Change Floods have become increasingly prominent in recent decades causing devastating effects on lives and livelihoods worldwide. Efficient tools to assess the drivers of floods, such as increasing urbanization, could help to minimize flood hazards. Urbanization increases the design peak flow (maximum potential surface water flow from a precipitation event with an average probability of occurring once in a specific recurrence interval), which is a key information needed for designing stormwater management infrastructures such as culverts and storm sewers. A web-based application was developed to explore the potential changes (1985 to 2020) in design peak flow of urban areas across the conterminous United States driven... Categories: Publication; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: CONUS, Land cover, WebApplication, peak flow data Final report for Facilitating Adaptation in Montane Plants to Changing Precipitation along an Elevation Gradient Montane plant communities throughout the world have responded to changes in precipitation and temperature regimes by shifting ranges upward in elevation. Continued warmer, drier climate conditions have been documented and are projected to increase in high-elevation areas in Hawai‘i, consistent with climate change effects reported in other environments throughout the world. Organisms that cannot disperse or adapt biologically to projected climate scenarios in situ may decrease in distributional range and abundance over time. Restoration efforts will need to accommodate future climate change and account for the interactive effects of existing invasive species to ensure long-term persistence. As part of a larger, ongoing... Categories: Data, Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Citation, Journal, LCC Network Science Catalog, LCC Science Catalog, Pacific Islands LCC, All tags... Publication, Publication, completed, Fewer tags Land Cover Change Effects on Stormflow Characteristics across Broad Hydroclimate Representative Urban Watersheds in the United States Urban development alters stormflow characteristics and is associated with increasing flood risks. The long-term evaluation of stormflow characteristics that exacerbate floods, such as peak stormflow and time-to-peak stormflow at varying levels of urbanization across different hydroclimates, is limited. This study investigated the long-term (1980s to 2010s) effects of increasing urbanization on key stormflow characteristics using observed 15 min streamflow data across six broad hydroclimate representative urban watersheds in the conterminous United States. The results indicate upward trends in peak stormflow and downward trends in time-to-peak stormflow at four out of six watersheds. The watershed in the Great Plains... Categories: Publication; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Land Cover Change, United States, Watersheds, floods, stormflow, All tags... unit hydrograph, urbanization, Fewer tags Name in a changing climate: Research partnership supports Tribal stewardship of name In response to concerns from Tribal leadership in the Midwest region, a Midwest Climate Adaptation Science Center (MWCASC) and Great Lakes Indian Fish and Wildlife Commission (GLIFWC) team explored how climate change may affect name (also known as lake sturgeon). This project investigated potential impacts and what can be done to help name adapt to a changing climate. Categories: Publication; Types: Citation Predicting climate change impacts on poikilotherms using physiologically guided species abundance models Poikilothermic animals comprise most species on Earth and are especially sensitive to changes in environmental temperatures. Species conservation in a changing climate relies upon predictions of species responses to future conditions, yet predicting species responses to climate change when temperatures exceed the bounds of observed data is fraught with challenges. We present a physiologically guided abundance (PGA) model that combines observations of species abundance and environmental conditions with laboratory-derived data on the physiological response of poikilotherms to temperature to predict species geographical distributions and abundance in response to climate change. The model incorporates uncertainty in... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation Final Report: Improving the Midwest Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Tool to Support Regional Climate Adaptation We updated an existing online climate change vulnerability dashboard called the Watershed-based Midwest Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Tool (https://www.usgs.gov/apps/CC_Vulnerability/). The dashboard combined 15 climate change impact metrics (five each from three categories: hydrology, precipitation, and temperature) and five metrics representing each watershed's capacity to adapt to changing conditions to create a vulnerability score for 360 watersheds across the Midwest. The vulnerability assessment can be customized for any species, habitat, or other resource of interest by users by adjusting the weighting given to each of the metrics. The updates include greater representation of the range of potential... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation Locations of Fire Promoting Alien Plants Across the Islands of Hawaii Based on Field Surveys and Museum Collections from 1903-2023 Previous research identified species of invasive plants in Hawai'i which are highly flammable and act as fuels in wildfires across Hawai'i. This work aimed to map the distribution of these species (largely grasses) around the islands of Hawai'i with the goal of using the locations for species distribution modeling. All data represents presence data, no absence data were recorded. Data are largely from within the past 20 years, but some georeferenced herbarium specimens go as far back as 1905. Data were obtained from georeferenced herbarium specimens, vegetation plot data, citizen science data (iNaturalist) reviewed by the authors, and data from roadside surveys conducted as part of this research to map these species.... Categories: Data, Publication; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Hawaii, biota, gorse, grass, herbarium, All tags... vegetation, vegetation plots, Fewer tags Defining Ecological Drought for the Twenty-First Century THE RISING RISK OF DROUGHT. Droughts of the twenty-first century are characterized by hotter temperatures, longer duration, and greater spatial extent, and are increasingly exacerbated by human demands for water. This situation increases the vulnerability of ecosystems to drought, including a rise in drought-driven tree mortality globally (Allen et al. 2015) and anticipated ecosystem transformations from one state to another—for example, forest to a shrubland (Jiang et al. 2013). When a drought drives changes within ecosystems, there can be a ripple effect through human communities that depend on those ecosystems for critical goods and services (Millar and Stephenson 2015). For example, the “Millennium Drought”... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation StoryMap: Francis Marion National Forest: Adapting to Climate Change This story map describes how climate change is transforming the region; how land changes and urbanization are affecting the area; and how land managers can improve the resilience of these lands to changing conditions. It was a collaboration between USGS and USFS, based largely on work done for the Cape Romain Partnership for Coastal Conservation and the Francis Marion National Forest Management Plan. Categories: Publication; Types: Citation Potential Effects of Climate Change on Acipenser fulvescens (Lake Sturgeon) Acipenser fulvescens (Rafinesque, 1817; lake sturgeon) are the only sturgeon species native to the Great Lakes region and are threatened across most of their range. They are historically vulnerable because of overfishing and habitat fragmentation with the potential for climate change acting as an increasing stressor in the future. Lake sturgeon span multiple habitats during their long lifespans, including high gradient streams, nearshore areas, and deep rivers and lakes. Climate change is projected to strongly affect the suitability of these habitats through increasing precipitation and temperatures and decreasing ice cover and snowmelt. Changes in flow timing and amount can affect movement to spawning and nursery... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation BioLake: A first assessment of lake temperature-derived bioclimatic predictors for aquatic invasive species Aquatic invasive species (AIS) present major ecological and economic challenges globally, endangering ecosystems and human livelihoods. Managers and policy makers thus need tools to predict invasion risk and prioritize species and areas of concern, and they often use native range climate matching to determine whether a species could persist in a new location. However, climate matching for AIS often relies on air temperature rather than water temperature due to a lack of global water temperature data layers, and predictive power of models is seldom evaluated. We developed 12 global lake (water) temperature-derived “BioLake” bioclimatic layers for distribution modeling of aquatic species and compared “climatch” climate... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation Final Report: Collaborating with stakeholders to get them the phenological information needed to make informed decisions Categories: Publication; Types: Citation Estimating Lentic Recreational Fisheries Catch and Effort Across the United States (Abstract from Fisheries Management and Ecology): Recreational fisheries represent a socially, ecologically, and economically significant component of global fisheries. The U.S. Inland Creel and Angler Survey Catalog (CreelCat) database includes inland recreational fisheries survey data across the United States to facilitate large-scale analyses. However, because survey methods differ, a statistical method capable of integrating these surveys is necessary to assess patterns and relationships across regions. Here, we developed a hierarchical generalized linear mixed modeling approach to estimate the relationship between daily recreational fisheries catch and effort based on waterbody, socio-economic, and ecological... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation North Carolina Natural & Working Lands Dashboards – overview, carbon, and conservation – with introductory StoryMap Natural and working lands – forests, farmland, and wetlands – make up more than 80% of North Carolina's area and provide a variety of benefits to our communities and economy. The importance of natural and working lands has been recognized in several recent planning efforts, including the state’s Natural & Working Lands Action Plan (part of the NC Climate Risk & Resilience Plan ) and the Coastal Habitat Protection Plan 2021 Amendment (currently in draft form). These plans brought together many sources of information to help quantify the benefits we are currently getting from these lands, and additional benefits that could be created through management actions. To make this information more accessible,... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation Final Report for Adaptation Strategies in the Face of Climate-Driven Ecological Transformation: Case Study from Arctic Alaska As the globe continues to warm at increasingly dramatic rates, climate-sensitive ecosystems and the people that live in these environments are experiencing transformations in the conditions that support healthy species and human wellbeing. Nowhere is this more evident than in Alaska, which is warming at two to three times the global average rate, causing ecosystems to transition to new states. Arctic warming has already led to major consequences such as coastal erosion that has forced human communities to relocate, and summer sea ice loss that has pushed polar bears, walruses, and other species to adapt to a more terrestrial mode of living in closer proximity to human settlements and risking increased human-wildlife... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation Temporal Greenness Trends in Stable Natural Land Cover and Relationships with Climatic Variability across the Conterminous United States Assessment of temporal trends in vegetation greenness and related influences aids understanding of recent changes in terrestrial ecosystems and feedbacks from weather, climate, and environment. We analyzed 1-km normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) time series data (1989–2016) derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and developed growing-season time-integrated NDVI (GS-TIN) for estimating seasonal vegetation activity across stable natural land cover in the conterminous United States (CONUS). After removing areas from analysis that had experienced land-cover conversion or modification, we conducted a monotonic trend analysis on the GS-TIN time series and found that significant positive... Categories: Publication; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Climate variability, Regression analysis, Remote Sensing, Satellite observations, Temperature, All tags... Trends, United States, Vegetation–precipitation interactions, preciptation, Fewer tags Characterization of water use and water balance for the croplands of Kansas using satellite, climate, and irrigation data Kansas is one of the most productive agricultural states in the United States, where agricultural irrigation is a primary user of underground and surface water. Because of low precipitation and declining groundwater levels in western and central Kansas, sustainable management of irrigation water resources is a critical issue in the agricultural productivity of the state. The objective of this study is to analyze and characterize the water use and water balance in the croplands of Kansas using satellite observations, meteorological data, and in situ irrigation water use records. We used actual evapotranspiration (ETa), precipitation, soil moisture, and irrigation water use to calculate water balance for Kansas in... Categories: Publication; Types: Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Kansas, cropland, irrigation, pumping data, remote sensing, All tags... water balance, water use, Fewer tags 1 2 »