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The 1983-2018 Puʻuʻōʻō eruption, on the East Rift Zone of Kīlauea volcano, consisted of many different episodes and several phases of lava flows threatening residential areas (Heliker and Mattox 2003; Orr and others 2015). One of these crises occurred in 2014-2015, when lava erupting from Puʻuʻōʻō advanced north of the rift zone, towards the town of Pāhoa (Poland and others 2016; Brantley and others 2019). This slow-moving crisis unfolded over approximately four months, as pāhoehoe lava gradually flowed towards the town. In the end, the lava flow fortunately stalled at the edge of the residential area, destroying only one home. During the crisis, geologists at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Hawaiian Volcano...
This data release contains coastal wetland synthesis products for the geographic region of eastern Long Island, New York, including the north and south forks, Gardiners Island, and Fishers Island. Metrics for resiliency, including unvegetated to vegetated ratio (UVVR), marsh elevation, and mean tidal range, are calculated for smaller units delineated from a Digital Elevation Model, providing the spatial variability of physical factors that influence wetland health. Through scientific efforts initiated with the Hurricane Sandy Science Plan, the U.S. Geological Survey has been expanding national assessment of coastal change hazards and forecast products to coastal wetlands with the intent of providing Federal, State,...
La Soufrière Volcano is a 1,220 m high stratovolcano that occupies the northern half of the island of St. Vincent, Lesser Antilles, Eastern Caribbean. It has a long history of explosive and sometimes devastating eruptions. Beginning in December 2020 and ending in April 2021, La Soufrière Volcano produced a Volcano Explosivity Index (VEI) 4 eruption that greatly impacted the landscape, communities, and infrastructure on the island of St. Vincent. The eruption produced intense ash plumes, heavy ashfall, and pyroclastic flows down several river valleys. During and following the eruption, destructive lahars (volcanic mudflows) impacted rivers valleys and coastal communities for months. The USGS-USAID Volcano Disaster...
Fine-sediment elemental chemistry and short-lived cosmogenic radionuclides (Beryllium-7, Cesium-137, and Lead-210) were quantified to describe land-based sediment sources and runoff to Olowalu Reef in February 2022. Charcoal counts, total organic carbon contents, and 76 urban- and wildfire-associated contaminants called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were quantified to explore urban and wildfire effects in watersheds above Olowalu Reef and in reef sediment. Sampling occurred approximately two months after winter flooding and one month after tsunamigenic waves impinged on the Maui shore from the eruption of Hunga-Tonga volcano in the South Pacific. The USGS Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program...
Categories: Data;
Tags: CMHRP,
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program,
Environmental Health,
Geochemistry,
Kealaloloa Ridge,
Tiltmeter data from station Jonika Flow (JKA) used in the publication "Pre-existing ground cracks as lava flow pathways at Kīlauea in 2014" by Tim R. Orr, Edward W. Llewellin, Kyle R. Anderson, and Matthew R. Patrick. These data were collected in 2014 by Asta Miklius of the USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory.
Hurricane Maria brought intense rainfall and caused widespread landsliding throughout Puerto Rico during September 2017. Previous detailed landslide inventories following the hurricane include Bessette-Kirton et al. (2017, 2019). Here we continue that work with an in-depth look at two areas in San Lorenzo, which is a municipality in the east-central part of the main island. To study a characteristic sample of landslides in San Lorenzo, we mapped all visible landslides in two physiographically diverse areas, but all within the San Lorenzo Formation. We used aerial imagery collected between 9-15 October 2017 (Quantum Spatial, Inc., 2017) to map landslide source and runout areas, and 1-m-resolution pre-event and post-event...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Geologic Hazards Science Center,
Geomorphology,
Hurricane Maria,
Landslide Hazards Program,
Puerto Rico,
A model application using the phase-averaged wave model SWAN (in Delft3D) was developed to simulate wind waves in South San Francisco Bay, California, between 30 May 2021 and 19 May 2022. This data release describes the development of the model application, provides input files, and includes output from the model simulations in netCDF format. Model Application The model application included two domains (Fig. 1) that were 1-way coupled. The coarse overall model domain (wsfb_g1.grd) included the coastal ocean across the entire San Francisco Sacramento/San Joaquin Bay-Delta region was forced along the oceanic boundaries with measured time-varying, spatially uniform wave parameters derived from the Coastal Data Information...
Categories: Data;
Tags: CMHRP,
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program,
Geomorphology,
PCMSC,
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center,
The USGS Powell Center Cascadia earthquake hazards working group compiled published onshore and offshore paleoseismic data along the Cascadia subduction zone, spanning sites from Vancouver Island to the Mendocino triple junction. Evidence for megathrust rupture includes coastal land-level change, tsunami inundation, onshore shaking proxies such as landslides or liquefaction, and offshore shaking proxies such as marine turbidites. The quality of paleoseismic data for megathrust rupture along the Cascadia subduction zone collected over the past three decades varies because analytical capabilities and data collection methodologies have evolved. Thus, as part of the compilation, we also present a ranking scheme to assess...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Aquatic Biology,
British Columbia,
California State,
Cascadia subduction zone,
Ecology,
This Data Release accompanies the publication "State of stress in areas of active unconventional oil and gas development in North America" by J.-E. Lund Snee (now J.-E. Lundstern) and M.D. Zoback (2022) in the AAPG Bulletin. This dataset provides maximum horizontal stress (SHmax) orientation and relative stress magnitude (faulting regime) information that comprise a new-generation crustal stress map for North America. Relative stress magnitudes are presented using the Aϕ (A_phi) parameter, a single scalar that represents the ratio of the three principal stress magnitudes. Data were collected between 2015 and 2022. Data points for SHmax orientations, relative stress magnitudes, and the earthquake focal mechanisms...
Categories: Data;
Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service,
ArcGIS Service Definition,
Downloadable,
GeoTIFF,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Raster,
Shapefile;
Tags: Canada,
Caribbean Islands,
Caribbean Sea,
Holocene,
NCCWSC,
An intrusion into Kīlauea’s upper East Rift Zone during June 17–19, 2007, during the 1983–2018 Pu‘u‘ō‘ō eruption, led to widespread ground cracking and a small (~1,525 m3) eruption on the northeast flank of the Kānenuiohamo cone, about 6 km upslope from the Pu‘u‘ō‘ō vent. Electromagnetic profiles using the very-low-frequency (VLF) technique (McNeill and Labson, 1991) were measured along transects spanning the dike trace, and zones of ground cracking related to the intrusion were mapped. The locations of crack zones and the VLF receiver measurements suggest that the Father’s Day dike splayed as it approached the surface, dividing into four segments—one between Pauahi Crater and Pu‘uhuluhulu and three en echelon...
Categories: Data;
Tags: East Rift Zone,
Episode 56,
Father's Day event,
Island of Hawaiʻi,
Kānenuiohamo,
These datasets provide lineament mapping, catchment-averaged metrics of hypsometry and channel steepness, field observations, and a structure from motion model and orthomosiac photograph of sites in the Eastern Tennessee seismic zone in eastern Tennessee, USA. The lineament mapping contains linework of possible neotectonic features mapped from 1-m lidar data. Catchment-averaged metric of hypsometry and channel steepness are for selected catchments along the Powell River in northern Tennessee. Field observations provides points and notes of reconnaissance fieldwork to describe and document select lineaments in the Powell River and Oak Ridge areas. The structure from motion model and orthomosiac photograph document...
Measurements of changes in the distance (or length) between monuments are provided. These measurements were made using a two-color Electronic Distance Meter (EDM) that can measure distances between 1 and 10 KM. Nominal precision of these data range from 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm dependent upon the baseline’s length. These measurements were made between mid-1975 to mid-2006. Data in this archive are from eight networks, each consisting of more the 9 baselines. The locations of these networks in California include far northwestern California, Hollister, CA., Long Valley Caldera in eastern California, Parkfield, Pearblossom, and Anza; the last two located in Southern California. For four of the networks (Hollister, Parkfield,...
Historical water and gas chemistry data from geothermal areas are important for detecting long-term patterns, informing geothermal energy exploration, development, and use, and for contextualizing more recent data. The U.S. Geological survey has published water and gas chemistry data from geothermal areas in the western United States, which is primarily available as scanned PDF files. This makes the data difficult to access or include in large-scale data analysis. This data release provides digitized and reformatted data from 20 previously published U.S. Geological Survey Open-File reports and journal articles, representing 1867 water chemistry samples and 313 gas chemistry samples. All data have been standardized...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Geochemistry,
Hydrology,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Water Resources,
dissolved gases,
The winter rainy season of 2016-2017 brought abundant rainfall to the state of California, including the San Francisco Bay region. Thousands of shallow landslides were triggered as a result of saturated soils and intense rainfall from strong winter storms in January and February 2017. The highest concentration of landslides from these storms occurred in the eastern part of the bay region, where landslides in the hills east of the Cities of Richmond, Berkeley, Oakland, Hayward, and Fremont, and elsewhere in the region, damaged homes, displaced a major electrical transmission-line tower, and blocked several heavily traveled state highway routes. The data presented here support our published map titled, "Landslides...
This data release includes the MATLAB code used for sensitivity analysis of turbidite age estimates along the Cascadia subduction zone. The code is written for use in MATLAB and datasets are organized as .mat files. Data values are from Goldfinger et al. (2012) and Staisch (2024). Cited works: Goldfinger, C., Nelson, C.H., Morey, A.E., Johnson, J.E., Patton, J.R., Karabanov, E., Gutiérrez-Pastor, J., Eriksson, A.T., Gràcia, E., Dunhill, G., Enkin, R.J., Dallimore, A., and Vallier, T., 2012, Turbidite event history—Methods and implications for Holocene paleoseismicity of the Cascadia subduction zone: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1661–F, 170 p. (Available at https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1661f/). Staisch,...
This dataset includes sample information, vesicularity by pycnometer, grain size and shape data by CAMSIZER, and measurements of crushed and thin section mounted grains by microscope. All studied samples were from scoria and air-fall-tephra deposits (most formed in Hawaiian lava fountains) collected around the summits of Mauna Loa and Kīlauea volcanoes, Island of Hawaiʻi. These data were used to derive methods for quickly being able to quantify vesicularity in near-real-time during an eruption response. The samples from Kīlauea all erupted from the summit area and include Keanakākoʻi units B, D, E, K1, and K2, the Halemaʻumaʻu eruptions in September 2021 and September 2023, and the Kīlauea Iki eruption that formed...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Island of Hawaiʻi,
Kīlauea,
Mauna Loa,
Tephra,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Field observations of surface rupture extent and fault displacement are critical to improving our understanding of rupture processes in the 6 February 2023 earthquakes in the Kahramanmaraş region of Türkiye. This data release includes two primary datasets depicting the 2023 moment magnitude (Mw) 7.8 Pazarcık, Türkiye earthquake rupture: 1) surface rupture mapping (lines) and 2) measurements of left-lateral and vertical fault displacement (points). These observations were made in the field, northwest of Pazarcık, Türkiye along the East Anatolian (EAF) and Narlı faults between 2 and 11 June 2023. Surface-rupture mapping consists of field observations along a 28-km-long reach of the central EAF and northern 5 km of...
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Geomorphology,
Seismology,
Structural Geology,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC)
The 35-year-long Puʻuʻōʻō eruption, on the East Rift Zone of Kīlauea Volcano, was the longest volcanic eruption on the Island of Hawaiʻi in the past 100 years (Wright and Klein 2014; Mulliken and others 2023). The eruption, whose vent area was focused at and around Puʻuʻōʻō cone, produced episodic fountaining in its initial few years followed by decades of effusive activity that created an expansive lava flow field (Heliker and Mattox 2003; Orr and others 2015). While vents erupted on the flank of the cone, the activity within the cone’s crater often consisted of lava lakes, lava flows, and small spattering hornitos (Heliker and Mattox 2003; Heliker and others 2003). The crater also experienced several cycles of...
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