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The U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) SPAtially Referenced Regression On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) model was used to aid in the interpretation of monitoring data and simulate streamflow and water-quality conditions in streams across the Pacific Region of the Unites States. SPARROW is a hybrid empirical/process-based mass balance model that can be used to estimate the major sources and environmental factors that affect the long-term supply, transport, and fate of contaminants in streams. The spatially explicit model structure is defined by a river reach network coupled with contributing catchments. The model is calibrated by statistically relating watershed sources and transport-related properties to monitoring-based...
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This data release contains estimates of mean daily gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER) in Bronson and Fanno Creeks, Oregon during August of 2016. These estimates were part of a larger study of the water-quality effects of beaver dams and beaver activity in selected urban streams of the Tualatin River Basin in northwestern Oregon. The mean daily GPP and ER values were estimated using two approaches (both of which are publicly available and documented): 1) a USGS model developed using the R programming language and 2) a Washington Department of Ecology model that runs in Excel. Inputs for the models included hourly measurements of dissolved-oxygen concentration, water temperature, photosynthetically...
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The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is considering changing the operations of Berlin Lake, Lake Milton, Michael J Kirwan Reservoir, and Mosquito Creek Lake. The lakes in this study are all reservoirs, formed by dams. These models were constructed to simulate those operations and document possible water-quality effects in the lakes, the lake outflows, and the Mahoning River downstream of the lakes. This data release includes U.S. Army Corps of Engineers water-quality data and the input and output files from the mechanistic water-quality models (CE-QUAL-W2).
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This data release contains cyanotoxin concentrations for microcystins, cylindrospermopsins, anatoxins, and saxitoxins assessed using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA) on 363 samples collected from 82 surface-water sites located in the Cascade Range in Oregon, and eight sites located outside of the Oregon Cascade Range in Washington and California, during 2016-2020. Three sample types were assessed: 1) benthic colonies and mats of cyanobacteria (n=109), 2) plankton net tows (n=90), and 3) Solid Phase Adsorption Toxin Tracking samplers (SPATTs)(n=164).
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This data release contains the model inputs, outputs, and source code (written in R) for the boosted regression tree (BRT) and artificial neural network (ANN) models developed for four sites in Upper Klamath Lake which were used to simulate daily maximum pH and daily minimum dissolved oxygen (DO) from May 18th to October 4th in 2005-12 and 2015-19 at four sites, and to evaluate variable effects and their importance. Simulations were not developed for 2013 and 2014 due to a large amount of missing meteorological data. The sites included: 1) Williamson River (WMR), which was located in the northern portion of the lake near the mouth of the Williamson River and had a depth between 0.7 and 2.9 meters; 2) Rattlesnake...
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The USGS measured photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, wavelength between 400 and 700 nanometers) at Malheur Lake, Oregon, as vertical profiles and as continuous measurements at a fixed depth, in 2017 and 2018. Malheur Lake is a large, shallow, turbid lake located in southeastern Oregon that fluctuates widely in surface area in response to yearly precipitation and climatic cycles. High suspended-sediment concentrations likely are negatively affecting the survival of aquatic plants. The PAR measurements in this data release were collected to assess PAR attenuation in the lake, and to quantify attenuation as a function of water quality (primarily turbidity). The continuous PAR measurements were collected at 10-minute...
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This data release contains the model input and output data, and supporting files, from hydrologic simulations of streamflow conditions in the upper Klamath River Basin using the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS). The model was calibrated for the portion of the basin draining into Upper Klamath Lake. It simulates daily streamflow, snow, solar radiation, evapotranspiration, surface-water, and groundwater processes within the basin. The model calibration period spanned water years 2000 through 2015, and the model validation period spanned water years 1984 through 1999. The model was calibrated and validated using measured streamflow, snowpack, evapotranspiration, and solar radiation data sets.
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This data release contains the results from a study of the transport and transformation of nitrate in groundwater and streams across diverse glacial terranes within the Western Lake Michigan (WMIC) Drainages and Eastern Iowa (EIWA) Basins of the United States. The primary focus of the study was on how varying redox conditions influence the timing and delivery of nitrate to streams in agricultural watersheds. The data represents dissolved gas modeling results that were obtained from the Dissolved Gas Modeling and Environmental Tracer Analysis (DGMETA) software program. DGMETA was used to produce calibrated dissolved gas models that provide optimal recharge temperature, excess air, and excess nitrogen gas concentrations...
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The tabular data sets and associated maps in this data release represent water-quality data that were collected between April and November of 2017 and between July and November of 2019 to describe baseline conditions prior to or sometimes following treatments using herbicides or other methods to reduce the biomass of non-native water primrose (Ludwigia) within off-channel water bodies of the Willamette River near Albany and Keizer, Oregon. The water-quality parameters measured in this study included water temperature, specific conductance, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, total chlorophyll, phycocyanin (blue-green algae pigment), and fluorescing dissolved organic matter in surface water.
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This data release contains the results from a study that characterized the concentration and quality of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the McKenzie River, a relatively pristine watershed in western Oregon, and its link to forming disinfection by-products (DBPs) in treated drinking water. The study aimed to identify the primary source(s) of DOC in source water for the Eugene Water and Electric Board’s (EWEB) conventional treatment plant on the McKenzie River near river mile 11, upstream of Hayden Bridge. The two classes of regulated compounds examined—trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs)—form when organic carbon in raw source water reacts with chlorine and (or) bromine during water treatment. The...
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The Columbia Slough is located south and parallel to the Columbia River in Portland, Oregon and consists of approximately 19 miles of predominantly urbanized waterway that drains approximately 32,700 acres of land with industrial, commercial, residential, and agricultural uses. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are found in aqueous film forming foams (AFFF) used for firefighting, and soil and groundwater contamination by PFASs has been detected at Portland International Airport (PDX) and the adjacent Portland Air National Guard base (PANG). PFASs have also been detected in sediments from Columbia Slough, which receives stormwater runoff from both PDX and PANG. Fish tissue samples were collected from the...
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This data release contains a boosted regression tree (BRT) model (written in the R programming language), and the input and output data from that model that were used to relate base flow nitrate concentrations in the Chesapeake Bay watershed to catchment characteristics. The input data consists of two types of information: 1) surface water nitrate concentrations collected by the USGS and partnering agencies in the Chesapeake Bay watershed between 1970 and 2013 and 2) potential predictor variables that included nitrogen sources, catchment characteristics, soil and groundwater chemistry, soil drainage and composition, and aquifer geology. The results from the BRT model were used to identify ten significant predictors...
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This data release contains total dissolved solids (TDS) concentrations and specific conductance (SC) measurements collected at surface-water monitoring locations and groundwater monitoring wells within the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB) between 1894 and 2022. Discrete TDS and SC results were obtained from the Water Quality Portal (WQP). Continuous SC monitoring results were obtained from the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS). The data set includes 127,294 TDS results that were collected at 12,339 sites between 1900 and 2022, and 705,918 SC results that were collected at 19,630 sites between 1894 and 2022. The SC results represented 244,784 discrete measurements at 19,625 sites and 461,134 mean daily...
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This data release includes three categories of data that were compiled as part of a study of sediment and solute transport and landscape denudation in watersheds of western Oregon and northwestern California: 1) mean annual loads of suspended sediment, total suspended solids, and silicate solutes at fixed water-quality stations; 2) fluvial transport of bedload, suspended sediment, and silicate solutes; and 3) mean concentrations of silicate solutes at fixed water-quality stations.
This data release contains estimated stream temperature metrics at three locations in the Willamette River Basin, northwestern Oregon for various periods between 1954 and 2018. These locations were the Willamette River at Albany, the Willamette River at Harrisburg, and the Willamette River at Keizer. A regression program (written in the R programming language) was used to relate the values for two stream temperature metrics (the seven-day average of the daily mean and the seven-day average of the daily maximum) to the seven-day average of the daily mean or the seven-day average of the daily maximum air temperature, and to the mean daily streamflow for five seasonal time periods at each of the locations. The regression...
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This data release contains data sets that describe reach-scale water-quality conditions for the Pacific drainages of the United States. The nutrient and water use conditions represent the predictions from recent USGS SPARROW (Spatially Related Regression on Watershed Attributes) modeling as well as other watershed attributes. The SPARROW predictions and other watershed attributes were also used as predictors of dissolved oxygen and pH conditions in multiple linear regression models.
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This data release contains a comprehensive, spatially referenced database of surface-water transfer and removal events in the Pacific drainages of the United States, which include the Columbia River basin, the Puget Sound basin, the coastal drainages of Washington, Oregon, and California, and the Central Valley of California. The database also includes mean annual estimates of the water diverted at each event. These estimates were mostly based on information available from the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation but also, for some events, from state and local water management agencies. While these estimates generally represent conditions between 1974 and 2014, the database includes information...
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Green Peter Dam on the Middle Santiam River and the downstream Foster Dam on the South Santiam River in Oregon have altered natural seasonal temperature patterns in those rivers. In response, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is leading efforts to improve conditions for Chinook salmon upstream and downstream of these dams by considering structural alterations and by exploring changes to the way the dams are operated. This data release includes the input and output files from a mechanistic water-quality model (CE–QUAL–W2) that was developed for Green Peter and Foster Lakes and the South Santiam River downstream of Foster Dam. The model was used to estimate how operations at Green Peter and Foster Dams affect water...


    map background search result map search result map SPARROW model inputs and simulated streamflow, nutrient and suspended-sediment loads in streams of the Pacific Region of the United States, 2012 Base Year (ver 1.1, June 2020) Water quality measurements in off-channel water bodies of the Willamette River near Albany and Keizer, OR (2017 and 2019) Water-quality conditions related to bedload, suspended sediment, and silicate solutes in watersheds of western Oregon and northwestern California Reach-scale estimates of nutrient, water use, dissolved oxygen, and pH conditions in the Pacific drainages of the United States Estimates of mean daily gross primary production and ecosystem respiration in beaver-affected reaches along Bronson and Fanno Creeks, OR Input and results from a boosted regression tree (BRT) model relating base flow nitrate concentrations in the Chesapeake Bay watershed to catchment characteristics (1970-2013) Stream temperature predictions for the Willamette River Basin, northwestern Oregon estimated from regression equations (1954 – 2018) CE-QUAL-W2 water-quality model for Green Peter and Foster Lakes and the South Santiam River, Oregon: 2002-2011 Dissolved Gas Modeling Results for Groundwater Samples Collected in the Western Lake Michigan Drainages and Eastern Iowa Basins Study Areas of the United States: 2007, 2017 Surface-water transfers and removals in the Pacific drainages of the United States Uptake and bioaccumulation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in fish in the Columbia Slough, Portland, Oregon: 2019-2020 Photosynthetically Active Radiation Measurements Collected at Malheur Lake, OR, 2017-2018 Absorbance and fluorescence measurements and concentrations of disinfection by-products in source water and finished water in the McKenzie River Basin, Oregon: 2012-2014 CE-QUAL-W2 water-quality model and data for Berlin Lake, Lake Milton, Michael J Kirwan Reservoir, Mosquito Creek Lake, and the Mahoning River, Ohio Cyanotoxin concentrations in extracts from cyanobacteria colonies, plankton net tows, and Solid Phase Adsorption Toxin Tracking (SPATT) samplers in western rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, including drinking water sources in the Oregon Cascades: 2016-2020 Compilation of total dissolved solids concentrations and specific conductance measurements in the Upper Colorado River Basin, 1894 – 2022 Input and results from boosted regression tree and artificial neural network models that predict daily maximum pH and daily minimum dissolved oxygen in Upper Klamath Lake, 2005-2019 Input and output data for the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) used to predict seasonal water availability during 2000-2015 in the Upper Klamath River Basin, Oregon and California Estimates of mean daily gross primary production and ecosystem respiration in beaver-affected reaches along Bronson and Fanno Creeks, OR Photosynthetically Active Radiation Measurements Collected at Malheur Lake, OR, 2017-2018 Water quality measurements in off-channel water bodies of the Willamette River near Albany and Keizer, OR (2017 and 2019) Input and results from boosted regression tree and artificial neural network models that predict daily maximum pH and daily minimum dissolved oxygen in Upper Klamath Lake, 2005-2019 CE-QUAL-W2 water-quality model for Green Peter and Foster Lakes and the South Santiam River, Oregon: 2002-2011 CE-QUAL-W2 water-quality model and data for Berlin Lake, Lake Milton, Michael J Kirwan Reservoir, Mosquito Creek Lake, and the Mahoning River, Ohio Absorbance and fluorescence measurements and concentrations of disinfection by-products in source water and finished water in the McKenzie River Basin, Oregon: 2012-2014 Stream temperature predictions for the Willamette River Basin, northwestern Oregon estimated from regression equations (1954 – 2018) Input and output data for the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) used to predict seasonal water availability during 2000-2015 in the Upper Klamath River Basin, Oregon and California Cyanotoxin concentrations in extracts from cyanobacteria colonies, plankton net tows, and Solid Phase Adsorption Toxin Tracking (SPATT) samplers in western rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, including drinking water sources in the Oregon Cascades: 2016-2020 Water-quality conditions related to bedload, suspended sediment, and silicate solutes in watersheds of western Oregon and northwestern California Input and results from a boosted regression tree (BRT) model relating base flow nitrate concentrations in the Chesapeake Bay watershed to catchment characteristics (1970-2013) Dissolved Gas Modeling Results for Groundwater Samples Collected in the Western Lake Michigan Drainages and Eastern Iowa Basins Study Areas of the United States: 2007, 2017 Compilation of total dissolved solids concentrations and specific conductance measurements in the Upper Colorado River Basin, 1894 – 2022 Reach-scale estimates of nutrient, water use, dissolved oxygen, and pH conditions in the Pacific drainages of the United States Surface-water transfers and removals in the Pacific drainages of the United States SPARROW model inputs and simulated streamflow, nutrient and suspended-sediment loads in streams of the Pacific Region of the United States, 2012 Base Year (ver 1.1, June 2020)