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Synopsis: This article outlines how wetlands can significantly reduce flooding in the Upper Mississippi watershed. The authors first provide a historical context by estimating the original and lost wetland storage capacities of the Upper Mississippi and Missouri River Basins. Historically, about 10% of the basin would have been classified as wetland in 1780. By 1980, wetland acreage had been reduced to only 4% of the basin, representing about 26 million acres of wetlands eliminated since 1780. The area of wetland restoration required to reduce the risk of future flooding adequately was estimated based on the total amount of excess floodwater beyond bank-full discharge that passed through the City of St. Louis during...
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Synopsis: This study analyzed the effects of vegetation change on hydrological fluctuations in the Columbia River basin over the last century using two land cover scenarios. The first scenario was a reconstruction of historical land cover vegetation, c. 1900. The second scenario was more recent land cover as estimated from remote sensing data for 1990. The results show that, hydrologically, the most important vegetation-related change has been a general tendency towards decreased vegetation maturity in the forested areas of the basin. This general trend represents a balance between the effects of logging and fire suppression. In those areas where forest maturity has been reduced as a result of logging, wintertime...
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Synopsis: Prior to European settlement, the Northern Mixed-grass Prairie was a mosaic of wetland, grassland and grass-shrub habitats, with riparian and floodplain forests along major drainages. Even today, the physiographic area can be characterized as being one of the largest still relatively intact grassland landscapes that persist in North America. It is the continent’s most important production area for waterfowl and is the heart of the breeding range for some of North America’s rarest species of grassland birds. A comparison of relative abundance estimates among physiographic areas sampled by the North American Breeding Bird Survey indicates that more than 40% of the world’s population of Baird’s Sparrows,...
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Conclusions: Grizzly bears can use roaded habitats, but spatial avoidance will increase and survival will decrease as traffic levels, road densities and human settlement increases. Road density standards and road closure programmes should be developed and that these programmes incorporate seasonal habitat requirements of grizzly bears. Thresholds/Learnings: More than 80% of bear sitings occurred in blocks of undisturbed habitat >900 ha Synopsis: The study examined the relationships between grizzly bears, habitat and roads in the Swan Mountains, Montana. The study showed complex spatial and temporal relationships between grizzly bears and habitat resources. Resource selection was expressed relative to strength...
Conclusions:Wetlands and riparian zones should be strategically placed in watersheds to optimize nitrogen removal, as, for example, in tile-drained farmlands prone to high concentrations of nitrateThresholds/Learnings:Restoring 10 million hectares of riparian zones and wetlands, representing 3.4% of the Mississippi River basin, would reduce nitrogen in the Mississippi River Basin and its tributaries by an average of 40%
Conclusions:Severe fire regimes create essential habitat conditions for certain habitat specialists.Thresholds/Learnings:
Conclusions:The effects of landscape fragmentation depend on habitat structure, landscape context, the predator community, and the impact of parasitism. Because these factors differ substantially in western ecosystem compared to eastern forest ecosystems, it is difficult to make universal generalizations about the effects of landscape fragmentation on ecosystem processes and wildlife dynamicsThresholds/Learnings:
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Conclusions: Report identifies regional patterns of habitat disturbance, land use practices, and population trends relative to greater sage-grouse. In general, the most important landscape characteristics influencing sage-grouse populations are the proximity of leks (areas in which males perform to nesting habitat for and The report examined findings from studies that indicate several area and distance specific conservation thresholds for maintaining viable sage-grouse habitat. Thresholds/Learnings: Male sage-grouse prefer sod-forming grasses or bare ground for leks; female sage-grouse prefer dense sagebrush stands surrounding leks for nesting; gentle terrain characterized by <10% slope; <5% of existing sagebrush...
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Conclusions: Grizzly bear population fragmentation corresponded to the presence of settled mountain valleys and major highways. In these disturbed areas, the inter-area movements of female bears was affected more than for male bears. Without female connectivity, small subpopulations of grizzly bears are not viable over the long term. Thresholds/Learnings: Females grizzlies reduced their movement rates drastically when settlement increased to >20% of a given area. In highly settled areas (>50% settlement), both sexes demonstrated similar reductions in movement. Synopsis: Researchers studied the current state and potential causes of population fragmentation in grizzly bears over western Canada, the Greater Yellowstone...
Categories: Publication; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Alberta, British Columbia, Canadian Rockies, Chilcotin Ranges and Fraser Plateau, Clear Hills and Western Alberta Upland, All tags...
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Synopsis: Because recent bark beetle population eruptions have exceeded the frequencies, impacts, and ranges documented during the previous 125 years, researchers have been prompted to determine what factors trigger broad scale outbreaks, and how do these factors interact? How do human activities, such as forest management, alter these interactions, and thus the frequency, extent, severity, and synchrony of outbreaks? Extensive host tree abundance and susceptibility, concentrated beetle density, favorable weather, optimal symbiotic associations, and escape from natural enemies must occur jointly for beetles to surpass a series of thresholds and exert widespread disturbance. Eruptions occur when key thresholds are...
    map background search result map search result map Flood reduction through wetand restoration: the Upper Mississippi River Basin as a case history. Effects of land cover change on streamflow in the interior Columbia River Basin (USA and Canada). Conservation Assessment of Greater Sage-Grouse and Sagebrush Habitats Population fragmentation and inter-ecosystem movements of grizzly bears in western Canada and the northern United States. Relationships among grizzly bears, roads, and habitat in the Swan Mountains, Montana. Cross-scale drivers of natural disturbances prone to anthropogenic amplification: the dynamics of bark beetle eruptions Partners in Flight Bird Conservation Plan for Northern Mixed-Grass Prairie Relationships among grizzly bears, roads, and habitat in the Swan Mountains, Montana. Partners in Flight Bird Conservation Plan for Northern Mixed-Grass Prairie Flood reduction through wetand restoration: the Upper Mississippi River Basin as a case history. Effects of land cover change on streamflow in the interior Columbia River Basin (USA and Canada). Conservation Assessment of Greater Sage-Grouse and Sagebrush Habitats Population fragmentation and inter-ecosystem movements of grizzly bears in western Canada and the northern United States. Cross-scale drivers of natural disturbances prone to anthropogenic amplification: the dynamics of bark beetle eruptions